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Total 1410 results found since Jan 2013.

Cigarettesmoke extract (CSE) induces transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)expression via activation of HIF1 αin A549 cells.
Cigarettesmoke extract (CSE) induces transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)expression via activation of HIF1αin A549 cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 Jul 29; Authors: Nie Y, Huang C, Zhong S, Wortley MA, Luo Y, Luo W, Xie Y, Lai K, Zhong N Abstract We previously found that transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells was elevated after 14 days of cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. However, the mechanism underlying CS-induced TRPA1 expression remains unknown. Here, we explored whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) increases TRPA1 expression in A549 cells an...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 28, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Nie Y, Huang C, Zhong S, Wortley MA, Luo Y, Luo W, Xie Y, Lai K, Zhong N Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Attenuation of MUC4 potentiates the anticancer activity of auranofin via regulation of the Her2/Akt/FOXO3 pathway in ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Bae JS, Lee J, Park Y, Park K, Kim JR, Cho DH, Jang KY, Park SH Abstract Previously, we reported that auranofin induces apoptosis in SKOV3 cells via regulation of the IKKβ/FOXO3 pathway. In the present study, we reveal that the anticancer activity of auranofin in SKOV3 cells could be enhanced by the attenuation of MUC4 through the regulation of the Her2/Akt/FOXO3 pathway. Compared to the control-siRNA, siRNA transfection against MUC4 into SKOV3 cells accelerated the protein degradation of Her2. Under the same conditions, the expression level of phosphorylated Akt was also downregulated leading to an incre...
Source: Oncology Reports - August 4, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Indoxyl Sulfate Induces IL-6 Expression in Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells through OAT3-Mediated Uptake and Activation of AhR/NF- & #954;B Pathway
Conclusion: IS induces IL-6 expression in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells through OAT3/AhR/NF-#954;B pathway.Nephron Exp Nephrol 2014;128:1-8
Source: Nephron Experimental Nephrology - November 9, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Interaction of Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 with Neutral Sphingomyelinase 2: Functional Impact on the Sphingomyelin Pathway
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2019Source: NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Jong Hoon Won, Hyung Jun Jeon, Seok Kyun Kim, In Chul Shin, Ji Min Jang, Hae Chan Ha, Moon Jung Back, Dae Kyong KimAbstractNeurotransmitter release is mediated by ceramide, which is generated by sphingomyelin hydrolysis. In the present study, we examined whether synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) is involved in ceramide production and exocytosis. Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) was partially purified from bovine brain and we found that SNAP-25 was enriched in the nSMase2-containing fractions. In rat synaptosomes and PC12 cells,...
Source: Neuroscience - November 23, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Smad3 mediates cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induction of VEGF release by human fetal lung fibroblasts.
Abstract Cigarette smoke is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the major regulators of endothelial cell survival and is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Fibroblasts are a significant source of VEGF in the lungs; however the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on VEGF release by fibroblasts is not fully understood. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke-induced disturbed VEGF release by human lung fibroblasts is a potential pathogenic mechanism that could contribute ...
Source: Toxicology Letters - April 22, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Farid M, Kanaji N, Nakanishi M, Gunji Y, Michalski J, Iwasawa S, Ikari J, Wang X, Basma H, Nelson AJ, Liu X, Rennard SI Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research

Knockdown of Both p120 Catenin and Kaiso Promotes Expansion of Human Corneal Endothelial Monolayers via RhoA-ROCK-Noncanonical BMP-NF{kappa}B Pathway Cornea
Conclusions. The optimized knockdown with p120 and Kaiso siRNAs further expands the size of HCEC monolayers without endothelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) via selective activation of p120/Kaiso signaling that requires the RhoA-ROCK-noncanonical BMP-NFkB signaling.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 13, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhu, Y.-T., Han, B., Li, F., Chen, S.-Y., Tighe, S., Zhang, S., Tseng, S. C. G. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Decreased DJ-1 Leads to Impaired Nrf2-Regulated Antioxidant Defense and Increased UV-A-Induced Apoptosis in Corneal Endothelial Cells Cornea
Conclusions. Downregulation of DJ-1 impairs nuclear translocation of Nrf2, causing decreased antioxidant gene expression and increased oxidative damage. The decline in DJ-1 levels leads to heightened CEC susceptibility to UV-A light by activating p53-dependent apoptosis. Targeting the DJ-1–Nrf2 axis may provide a potential therapeutic approach for enhancing antioxidant defense in corneal endothelial disorders.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - September 3, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Liu, C., Chen, Y., Kochevar, I. E., Jurkunas, U. V. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Hypoxia promotes HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion via Snail-mediated MT1-MMP upregulation
The molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer cell invasion under hypoxia remain unclear. Here we employed a 3D collagen model and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) invasion assay to explore the influence of hypoxia on ovarian cancer cell invasion. Hypoxia (both 1% O2 and CoCl2 150 and 250 µM) induced HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion in 3D collagen and collagenolysis determined by hydroxyproline. Pretreatment with a hypoxia inducible factor-1α inhibitor, YC-1, or MMP inhibitor, GM6001, significantly inhibited 3D collagen invasion and degradation and cell proliferation. Hypoxia stimulated both mRNA and pro...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - October 30, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Sun, L., Lin, P., Qin, Z., Liu, Y., Deng, L.-L., Lu, C. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Biphasic activation of nuclear factor-kappa B in chondrocyte death induced by interleukin-1beta: The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and phagocyte-type NADPH oxidase through immediate and monocarboxylate transporter-1-mediated late-phase activation of nuclear factor-kappa B
Conclusion We found that MCT-1 contributed to the expression of NOX-2 via late-phase activation of nuclear factor κB in a ROS-dependent manner in cells exposed to IL-1β. Hence, MCT-1 could be a potential target for the treatment of degenerative joint diseases.
Source: Journal of Oral Biosciences - February 24, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Nrf2 knockdown attenuates the ameliorative effects of ligustrazine on hepatic fibrosis by targeting hepatic stellate cell transdifferentiation.
Abstract Hepatic fibrosis is a frequent reparative process in response to chronic liver injury and inflammation, which is mainly attributed to hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) was recently highlighted for its negative regulation of HSC behaviors. Our previous studies have revealed the potent antifibrotic effects of ligutrazine without elaborating potential molecular mechanisms. In this work, our in vitro results showed that ligustrazine significantly enhanced Nrf2 expression and nuclear translocation in HSC. Mechanistic investigations using RNAi technology ...
Source: Toxicology - July 27, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lu C, Xu W, Zhang F, Shao J, Zheng S Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

The Mitochondria-targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Ameliorated Tubular Injury Mediated by Mitophagy in Diabetic Kidney Disease via Nrf2/PINK1
Publication date: Available online 21 December 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Li Xiao, Xiaoxuan Xu, Fan Zhang, Ming Wang, Yan Xu, Dan Tang, Jiahui Wang, Yan Qin, Yu Liu, Chengyuan Tang, Liyu He, Anna Greka, Zhiguang Zhou, Fuyou Liu, Dong Zeng, Lin Sun Mitochondria play a crucial role in tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that exerts protective effects in diabetic mice, but the mechanism underlying these effects is not clear. We demonstrated that mitochondrial abnormalities, such as defective mitophagy, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overexpressi...
Source: Redox Biology - December 20, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Berberine activates AMPK to suppress proteolytic processing, nuclear translocation and target DNA binding of SREBP-1c in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that BBR activates AMPK to induce phosphorylation of SREBP‑1c, thereby suppressing proteolytic processing, nuclear translocation and target DNA binding of SREBP‑1c, which leads to a reduction in lipogenic gene expression and intracellular fat accumulation. The results of the present study indicate that BBR may be a potential candidate for the development of drugs to treat obesity. PMID: 28487951 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - May 12, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Gene Silencing of Receptor-Interacting Protein 2 Protects Against Cigarette Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Injury
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSTaken together, we report for the first time that Rip2 gene silencing ameliorated CS-induced acute lung injury probably via disruption of the NF-κB activity, postulating that Rip2 may be a novel therapeutic target for COPD.Graphical abstract
Source: Pharmacological Research - October 29, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Increased CTGF expression of circulating fibrocytes in asthmatic patients with severe OSA - the role of HIF-1a and HDAC7
Conclusion: Severe OSA related hypoxia increases CTGF expression in circulating fibrocytes via activation of HIF-1α that requires HDAC7 nuclear co-transprotation. HDAC7 may serve a therapeutic target for airway remodeling in asthmatics with severe OSA.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Wang, T.-Y., Lo, Y.-L., Wang, C.-H., Kuo, H.-P. Tags: Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research