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Condition: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

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Total 132 results found since Jan 2013.

NEAT1 Negatively Regulates Cell Proliferation and Migration of Neuroblastoma Cells by miR-183-5p/FOXP1 Via the ERK/AKT Pathway.
Abstract Neuroblastoma, a malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, is an aggressive extracranial tumor in childhood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered to play a key role in the eukaryotic regulatory gene network and be involved in a wide variety of biological processes. We observed that the expression of lncRNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript-1 (NEAT1) was significantly decreased in human neuroblastoma tissues and cell lines, compared with the normal. We observed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion with Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, and Transwell assay t...
Source: Cell Transplantation - December 31, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Pan W, Wu A, Yu H, Yu Q, Zheng B, Yang W, Tian D, Gao Y, Li P Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Protective Effect of Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase on the Rats with Focal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
In conclusion, MSK exerted a protective effect on rat with focal ischemia-reperfusion injury through its anti-apoptotic effect on neurons and anti-inflammatory effect on astrocytes.
Source: Inflammation - November 14, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The JAK/STAT Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Pathophysiology
Conclusion and Perspectives The IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling cascade plays a dominant role in skeletal muscle pathophysiology. IL-6 autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions assign to its downstream effectors pivotal importance in skeletal muscle-wasting-associated diseases and other multiple system diseases where muscle acts in communication with other organs. Targeting the components of the JAK/STAT pathway recently emerged as a strategic approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and human cancer. This review highlights the opposite outcomes on muscle biology caused by the amount of local and systemic release ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Oligonucleotides —A Novel Promising Therapeutic Option for IBD
Conclusions In this review, we focused on recent and past approaches to test the therapeutic efficacy of oligonucleotide based therapies in IBD. The combining mechanistic mode of oligonucleotide based therapeutics is a targeted action on specific pro-inflammatory molecules, which are over activated in IBD patients and contribute significantly to disease pathogenesis. The proposed high selectivity of the agents is derived from its mode of action, that aims to specifically block certain inflammatory molecular patterns, without a general systemic effect on other molecular targets. It would be important for each oligonucleot...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Parabrachial Interleukin-6 Reduces Body Weight and Food Intake and Increases Thermogenesis to Regulate Energy Metabolism
Publication date: 12 March 2019Source: Cell Reports, Volume 26, Issue 11Author(s): Devesh Mishra, Jennifer E. Richard, Ivana Maric, Begona Porteiro, Martin Häring, Sander Kooijman, Saliha Musovic, Kim Eerola, Lorena López-Ferreras, Eduard Peris, Katarzyna Grycel, Olesya T. Shevchouk, Peter Micallef, Charlotta S. Olofsson, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Harvey J. Grill, Ruben Nogueiras, Karolina P. SkibickaSummaryChronic low-grade inflammation and increased serum levels of the cytokine IL-6 accompany obesity. For brain-produced IL-6, the mechanisms by which it controls energy balance and its role in obesity remain unclear. H...
Source: Cell Reports - March 14, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 202: SYK Inhibition Potentiates the Effect of Chemotherapeutic Drugs on Neuroblastoma Cells in Vitro
In this study, we observed elevated SYK gene expression in neuroblastoma compared to neural crest and benign neurofibroma. While SYK protein was detected in the majority of examined neuroblastoma tissues it was less frequently observed in neuroblastoma cell lines. Depletion of SYK by siRNA and the use of small molecule SYK inhibitors significantly reduced the cell viability of neuroblastoma cell lines expressing SYK protein. Moreover, SYK inhibition decreased ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. The SYK inhibitor BAY 613606 enhanced the effect of different chemotherapeutic drugs. Transient expression of a constitutive active SY...
Source: Cancers - February 10, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Conny T ümmler Gianina Dumitriu Malin Wickstr öm Peter Coopman Andrey Valkov Per Kogner John Inge Johnsen Ugo Moens Baldur Sveinbj örnsson Tags: Article Source Type: research

Inhibition of microRNA-155 attenuates sympathetic neural remodeling following myocardial infarction via reducing M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses in mice.
In conclusion, miR-155 inhibition downregulated NGF expression via decreasing M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses dependent on the SOCS1/NF-κB pathway, subsequently diminishing MI-induced sympathetic neural remodeling and ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). PMID: 30721702 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - February 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hu J, Huang CX, Rao PP, Zhou JP, Wang X, Tang L, Liu MX, Zhang GG Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

AT1 Receptors in the Subfornical Organ Modulate Arterial Pressure and the Baroreflex In Two-kidney One-clip Hypertensive Rats.
Abstract The subfornical organ (SFO), a forebrain circumventricular organ that lies outside the blood brain barrier, has been implicated in arterial pressure and baroreflex responses to angiotensin II (Ang II). We tested whether pharmacologic inhibition or selective silencing of SFO AT1 receptors (AT1R) of two-kidney one-clip rats with elevated plasma Ang II decreases resting arterial pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and/or modulates arterial baroreflex responses of heart rate and RSNA. Male Sprague Dawley rats underwent renal artery clipping (2K-1C) or sham-clipping (Sham). Six weeks later, co...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - January 9, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Rossi NF, Zenner Z, Rishi AK, Levi E, Maliszewska-Scislo M Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research

Kojic acid inhibits senescence of human corneal endothelial cells via NF- κB and p21 signaling pathways.
In this study, we investigated the anti-senescence effect of kojic acid on HCEC. Cell viability, migration ability and senescence were evaluated by MTT assay, migration assay, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, respectively. Senescence-related protein expression was analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. Angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined by tube formation assay and spheroid sprouting assay. The results showed that kojic acid could inhibit HCEC senescence, characterized by enhancing migration, decreasing the levels of SA-β-Gal sta...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - December 28, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Wei X, Luo D, Yan Y, Yu H, Sun L, Wang C, Song F, Ge H, Qian H, Li X, Tang X, Liu P Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Role of Mitogen activated-kinase (MAPK)-phosphatase (MKP)-5 in pulmonary fibrosis
Conclusion: Intact MKP5 is required for induction of changes in lung fibroblasts in-vitro and during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in-vivo. MKP5 inhibition represent a promising therapeutic target for experimental and lung fibrosis.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tzouvelekis, A., Karampitsakos, T., Min, K., Xylourgidis, N., Yu, G., Herazo-Maya, J., Bizenhofer, L., Bennett, A., Kaminski, N. Tags: Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias Source Type: research

MKP-5 inhibition blunts fibrotic responses in-vitro and in-vivo through negative regulation of TGFB1-induced smad3-signalling
Conclusion: We conclude that intact MKP5 is required for induction of changes in lung fibroblasts in-vitro and during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in-vivo. Our results couple MKP5 activity with TGFB1 signaling machinery identifying MKP5 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for experimental and human lung fibrosis.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tzouvelekis, A., Xylourgidis, N., Min, K., Karampitsakos, T., Ninou, I., Barbayianni, I., Bennett, A., Aidinis, V., Kaminski, N. Tags: Mechanisms of Lung Injury and Repair Source Type: research

Oxidant-induced increase in norepinephrine secretion from PC12  cells is dependent on TRPM8 channel-mediated intracellular calcium elevation.
In this study, we show that cold-sensitive receptor TRPM8 is activated by pro-oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). Polymerase chain reaction, Western immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence indicated that TRPM8 channels are expressed in rat pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells, a phenotypic model of sympathetic neurosecretion when differentiated with nerve growth factor. WS-12, a selective TRPM8 channel agonist, and tBHP increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration in differentiated PC12 cells; an effect attenuated by AMTB, a selective TRPM8 channel blocker, and siRNA-mediated TRPM8 knockdown. Blockade of TRPM8 channels als...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 27, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Peixoto-Neves D, Soni H, Adebiyi A Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Microglial Mincle receptor in the PVN contributes to sympathetic hyperactivity in acute myocardial infarction rat.
Abstract Malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) following myocardial infarction (MI) is a lethal complication resulting from sympathetic nerve hyperactivity. Numerous evidence have shown that inflammation within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) participates in sympathetic hyperactivity. Our aim was to explore the role of Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) within the PVN in augmenting sympathetic activity following MI,and whether NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome/IL-1β axis is involved in this activity. MI was induced by coronary artery ligation. Mincle expression l...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 24, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang Y, Yin J, Wang C, Hu H, Li X, Xue M, Liu J, Cheng W, Wang Y, Li Y, Shi Y, Tan J, Li X, Liu F, Liu Q, Yan S Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research