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Condition: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

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Total 132 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 5423: Novel targeted therapy for neuroblastoma: Silencing the MXD3 gene using siRNA
Neuroblastoma is a cancer of the sympathetic nervous system and the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Almost half of neuroblastoma patients have a high-risk phenotype at diagnosis: metastatic disease. Prognosis of these patients is very poor with only 30% survival despite the most intensive therapies currently available. In addition, patients who respond successfully to treatment suffer from side effects from chemo and radiation therapies, leading to life-long irreversible complications. Therefore, there is a desperate need for a neuroblastoma-targeted therapy that is more effective and has fewer side effec...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Duong, C., Chen, C., Yoshida, S., Barisone, G., Nolta, J., Diaz, E., Nitin, N., Satake, N. Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Co-Administration of Myostatin-Targeting siRNA and ActRIIB-Fc Fusion Protein Increases Masseter Muscle Mass and Fiber Size.
Authors: Bayarsaikhan O, Kawai N, Mori H, Kinouchi N, Nikawa T, Tanaka E Abstract Myostatin, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell growth and differentiation, and binds with high affinity to the activin type IIB receptor (ActRIIB). The soluble ligand-binding domain of ActRIIB fused to the Fc domain of IgG (ActRIIB-Fc) potently binds and inhibits TGF-β family members in muscle, leading to rapid and marked muscle growth. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the co-delivery of myostatin-targeting siRNA (Mstn-siRNA) and ActRIIB-Fc into skeletal mus...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - October 7, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Allele-Specific siRNA Silencing for the Common Keratin 12 Founder Mutation in Meesmann Epithelial Corneal Dystrophy Cornea
Conclusions. A potent allele-specific siRNA against the K12 Arg135Thr mutation was identified. In combination with efficient eyedrop formulation delivery, this would represent a personalized medicine approach, aimed at preventing the pathology associated with MECD and other ocular surface pathologies with dominant-negative or gain-of-function pathomechanisms.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - January 17, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Allen, E. H. A., Atkinson, S. D., Liao, H., Moore, J. E., Leslie Pedrioli, D. M., Smith, F. J. D., McLean, W. H. I., Moore, C. B. T. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

P.1.10 siRNA-mediated allele-specific silencing of a dominant negative COL6A3 mutation causing Ullrich Congenital muscular dystrophy
In this study we further explored the use of RNAi as a potential therapy for dominant UCMD. Achieving allele-specific silencing of the mutant mRNA transcript would convert this dominant-negative state into a clinically asymptomatic haploinsufficient state. We have designed a series of siRNA oligos to target a mutant mRNA transcript lacking the exon 16 of the Collagen VI á3 gene (COL6A3). We tested this series of siRNA in four UCMD-derived dermal fibroblast cells lines. Transcript analysis by semi-quantitative and quantitative RT-PCR showed that a subset of these siRNA significantly reduced the expression of the mutant tra...
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - September 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: V. Bolduc, Y. Zou, C.G. Bonnemann Source Type: research

siRNA Silencing of the Mutant Keratin 12 Allele in Corneal Limbal Epithelial Cells Grown From Patients With Meesmann's Epithelial Corneal Dystrophy Cornea
Conclusions. Combined with an effective delivery vehicle this siRNA approach represents a viable treatment option for prevention of the MECD pathology observed in K12-Leu132Pro heterozygous individuals.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - May 29, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Courtney, D. G., Atkinson, S. D., Allen, E. H. A., Moore, J. E., Walsh, C. P., Pedrioli, D. M. L., MacEwen, C. J., Pellegrini, G., Maurizi, E., Serafini, C., Fantacci, M., Liao, H., Irvine, A. D., McLean, W. H. I., Moore, C. B. T. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

LncRNA NONRATT021972 siRNA rescued decreased heart rate variability in diabetic rats in superior cervical ganglia.
Abstract Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) is a serious and common complication in diabetes mellitus (DM). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), an important class of regulatory molecules in diverse biological processes, have attracted considerable interest in DCAN. Our previous study has indicated a lncRNA, NONRATT021972 (NONCODE ID), was enhanced in sympathetic neuronal-like PC12 cells in the setting of high glucose (HG) and high FFAs (HF); its silence was found to significantly alleviate HGHF-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release in PC12 cells. Here we further explore the effects of NONRATT02197...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - August 4, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xu H, Liu C, Rao S, He L, Zhang T, Sun S, Wu B, Zou L, Wang S, Xue Y, Jia T, Zhao S, Li G, Liu S, Li G, Liang S Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

DICER/AGO-dependent epigenetic silencing of D4Z4 repeats enhanced by exogenous siRNA suggests mechanisms and therapies for FSHD
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by the aberrant expression of the DUX4 transcription factor in skeletal muscle. The DUX4 retrogene is encoded in the D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat array, and smaller array size or a mutation in the SMCHD1 gene results in inefficient epigenetic repression of DUX4 in skeletal muscle, causing FSHD1 and FSHD2, respectively. Previously we showed that the entire D4Z4 repeat is bi-directionally transcribed with the generation of small si- or miRNA-like fragments and suggested that these might suppress DUX4 expression through the endogenous RNAi pathway. Here we show that exogen...
Source: Human Molecular Genetics - August 6, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Lim, J.-W., Snider, L., Yao, Z., Tawil, R., Van Der Maarel, S. M., Rigo, F., Bennett, C. F., Filippova, G. N., Tapscott, S. J. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

G.P.216: Allele-specific silencing of a dominant-negative mutation using siRNA or LNA antisense oligonucleotides alleviates the phenotype of a cellular model of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy
This study provides further insights into the comparative allele-specificity of these two pathways to target dominant mutations at the transcript level, with the goal of developing optimal compounds for in vivo application.
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - September 4, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: V. Bolduc, Y. Zou, M. Lindow, S. Obad, C.G. Bönnemann Source Type: research

Estrogen Receptor-{beta} in the Paraventricular Nucleus and Rostroventrolateral Medulla Plays an Essential Protective Role in Aldosterone/Salt-Induced Hypertension in Female Rats Estrogen
The identification of the specific estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes that are involved in estrogen protection from hypertension and their specific locations in the central nervous system is critical to our understanding and design of effective estrogen replacement therapies in women. Using selective ER agonists and recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying small interference (si) RNA to silence either ERα (AAV-siRNA-ERα) or ERβ (AAV-siRNA-ERβ), the present study investigated regional specificity of different ER subtypes in the protective actions of estrogen in aldosterone (Aldo)-induced hyperten...
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xue, B., Zhang, Z., Beltz, T. G., Johnson, R. F., Guo, F., Hay, M., Johnson, A. K. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Other hypertension Estrogen Source Type: research

Development of Allele-Specific Gene-Silencing siRNAs for TGFBI Arg124Cys in Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type I Cornea
Conclusions. We have identified a lead siRNA specific to the TGFBI-Arg124Cys mutant allele associated with LCDI. Silencing of exogenous TGFBI was observed at mRNA and protein levels, and in an ex vivo model of LCDI with an efficient suppression of the endogenous mutant allele. This result indicates the potential of siRNA treatment as a personalized medicine approach for the management of heritable TGFBI-associated corneal dystrophies.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - February 18, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Courtney, D. G., Atkinson, S. D., Moore, J. E., Maurizi, E., Serafini, C., Pellegrini, G., Black, G. C., Manson, F. D., Yam, G. H. F., MacEwen, C. J., Allen, E. H. A., McLean, W. H. I., Moore, C. B. T. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Abstract P192: Both Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Angiotensin II type 1 Receptors in the Subfornical Organ Mediate Angiotensin II Induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Brain Angiotensinergic Pathways Session Title: Neurogenic Mechanisms
Activation of angiotensinergic pathways and central aldosterone (aldo)-MR-ENaC-endogenous ouabain (EO)-AT1R pathway play a critical role in Ang II associated hypertension. The SFO contains both MR and AT1R and can relay the signals of circulating Ang II to downstream nuclei such as the PVN, SON and RVLM. We evaluated the effect of knockdown of MR and AT1R specific in the SFO on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in downstream nuclei. Wistar rats were intra SFO infused with AAV-MR- or AT1aR-siRNA and after 7 days received a sc infusion of Ang II at 500 ng/min/kg for 2 weeks. MR and AT1R expression were measured by rea...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, H.-W., White, R., Huang, B. S., Chen, A., Ahmad, M., Leenen, F. H. Tags: Session Title: Neurogenic Mechanisms Source Type: research

Oligonucleotides —A Novel Promising Therapeutic Option for IBD
Conclusions In this review, we focused on recent and past approaches to test the therapeutic efficacy of oligonucleotide based therapies in IBD. The combining mechanistic mode of oligonucleotide based therapeutics is a targeted action on specific pro-inflammatory molecules, which are over activated in IBD patients and contribute significantly to disease pathogenesis. The proposed high selectivity of the agents is derived from its mode of action, that aims to specifically block certain inflammatory molecular patterns, without a general systemic effect on other molecular targets. It would be important for each oligonucleot...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Acute intracerebroventricular injection of chemerin-9 increases systemic blood pressure through activating sympathetic nerves via CMKLR1 in brain.
We examined the effects of acute i.c.v. injection of chemerin-9 (10 nmol/head) on systemic BP by a carotid cannulation method in the control or CMKLR1 small interfering (si) RNA-treated Wistar rats (0.04 nmol, 3 days, i.c.v.). We examined protein expression of CMKLR1 around brain ventricles by Western blotting. We examined the effects of acute i.c.v. injection of chemerin-9 on serum adrenaline by a high performance liquid chromatography. In the control siRNA-treated rats, chemerin-9 significantly increased mean BP, which reached a peak at 2 to 4 min after injection. On the other hand, in the CMKLR1 siRNA-treated rats, ...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - May 26, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Yamamoto A, Matsumoto K, Hori K, Kameshima S, Yamaguchi N, Okada S, Okada M, Yamawaki H Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

Reducing brain TACE activity improves neuroinflammation and cardiac function in heart failure rats
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme (TACE) is a key metalloprotease mediating ectodomain shedding of a variety of inflammatory mediators, substrates, and growth factors. We previously reported that TACE-mediated production of TNF-α in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contributes to sympathetic excitation in heart failure (HF). Here, we sought to determine whether central interventions in TACE activity attenuate neuroinflammation and improve cardiac function in heart failure. Myocardial infarction-induced HF or sham-operated (SHAM) rats were treated with bilateral paraventricular nucleus microinj...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research