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Condition: Autoimmune Disease

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Total 230 results found since Jan 2013.

MicroRNA-21 silencing prolongs islet allograft survival by inhibiting Th17 cells.
In this study, we examined the impact of systemic administration of miR-21 inhibitor on allografts in a pancreatic islet transplantation model. We showed that specific miR-21 silencing in vivo significantly prolonged allograft survival (median survival time (MST) 21 days with antagomiR-21 vs 13 days for the control, p < 0.05), and the change was associated with a decrease in Th17 cells (~3-fold) and an increase in B10 cells (~2.4-fold). Moreover, we found that miR-21-silenced B cells mediate this protective role through pro-inflammatory Th17 responses in an IL-10-dependent fashion. Thus, we have revealed a novel...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - November 28, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wang H, Fan H, Tao J, Shao Q, Ding Q Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

A Critical Role of Growth Arrest-Specific Gene 6-Mer Axis in the Pathogenesis of Endothelial Damage Contributing to Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated with Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) are severe complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Host endothelial cells are targets of alloreactive donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes or various proinflammatory cytokines following allo-SCT, and endothelial damage plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanism(s) of TMA associated with GVHD. However, the detailed mechanism(s) of TMA as well as GVHD have not yet been fully elucidated. Growth arrest-specific (Gas) 6 structurally belongs to the family of plasma vitamin K-dependent proteins working as a cofactor for...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Furukawa, M., Xintao, W., Ohkawara, H., Fukatsu, M., Alkebsi, L., Noji, H., Ogawa, K., Ikezoe, T. Tags: 701. Experimental Transplantation: Basic Biology, Pre-Clinical Models: Poster III Source Type: research

Hypoxia potentiates monocyte-derived dendritic cells for release of tumor necrosis factor alpha via MAP3K8.
In this study, we identified a mechanism of hypoxia-mediated potentiation of release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine with important roles in both anti-cancer immunity and autoimmune disease. We show in human monocyte-derived DCs that this potentiation is controlled exclusively via the p38/MAPK pathway. We identified MAP3K8 as a target gene of Hypoxia Induced Factor (HIF), a transcription factor controlled by oxygen tension, upstream of the p38/MAPK pathway. Hypoxia increased expression of MAP3K8 concomitant with the potentiation of TNF-α secretion. This potentiation was no longer obser...
Source: Bioscience Reports - November 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Paardekooper LM, Bendix MB, Ottria A, de Haer LW, Ter Beest M, Radstake TR, Marut W, van den Bogaart G Tags: Biosci Rep Source Type: research

Modulation of the CCR6-CCL20 Axis: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Inflammation and Cancer.
Abstract Prototypical functions of the chemokine receptor CCR6 include immune regulation by maneuvering cell chemotaxis and selective delimiting of the pro-inflammatory TH17 and regulatory Treg subsets during chronic or acute systemic inflammation. Inhibition of CCR6 is proposed to attenuate disease symptoms and promote recuperation of multiple inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Prescription medicines with pharmacodynamics involving the inhibition of the chemokine axis CCR6⁻CCL20 are very limited. The development of such therapeutics is still at an early experimental stage and has mostly involved the utiliza...
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - November 16, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ranasinghe R, Eri R Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research

Exploiting novel tailored immunotherapies of type 1 diabetes: Short interfering RNA delivered by cationic liposomes enables efficient Down-regulation of variant PTPN22 gene in T lymphocytes
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2018Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and MedicineAuthor(s): Marsha Pellegrino, Francesca Ceccacci, Stefania Petrini, Marco Cappa, Giovanna Mancini, Alessandra FierabracciAbstractIn autoimmune diseases as Type 1 diabetes, the actual treatment that provides the missing hormones is not able, however, to interrupt the underlining immunological mechanism. Importantly, novel immunotherapies are exploited to protect and rescue the remaining hormone producing cells. Among probable targets of immunotherapy, the C1858T mutation in the PTPN22 gene, which encodes for the lymp...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - November 12, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2828: 8e Protects against Acute Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibition of PI3K γ-Mediated Superoxide Generation in Microglia
Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2828: 8e Protects against Acute Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibition of PI3Kγ-Mediated Superoxide Generation in Microglia Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules23112828 Authors: Linna Wang Xiaoli Wang Tingting Li Yihua Zhang Hui Ji The inflammatory response mediated by microglia plays a critical role in the progression of ischemic stroke. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3K&amp;gamma;) has been implicated in multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 8e, a hydrogen sulfi...
Source: Molecules - October 31, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Linna Wang Xiaoli Wang Tingting Li Yihua Zhang Hui Ji Tags: Article Source Type: research

Novel nano therapeutic materials for the effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-recent insights
Publication date: December 2018Source: Materials Today Communications, Volume 17Author(s): Kumar Janakiraman, Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami, Vijaya Rajendran, Subramanian Natesan, Ruckmani KandasamyAbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common complex multifactorial joint related autoimmune inflammatory disease with unknown etiology accomplished with increased cardiovascular risks. RA is characterized by the clinical findings of synovial inflammation, autoantibody production, and cartilage/bone destruction, cardiovascular, pulmonary and skeletal disorders. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10...
Source: Materials Today Communications - October 4, 2018 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

The downregulation of hsa_circ_0012919, sponge for miR-125a-3p, contributes to DNA methylation of CD11a and CD70 in CD4+T cells of SLE
Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0012919 could be regarded as a biomarker for SLE and hsa_circ_0012919 was the ceRNA for miR-125a-3p.
Source: Clinical Science - September 20, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhang, C., Wang, X., Chen, Y., Wu, Z., Zhang, C., Shi, W. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research

Novel Nano therapeutic materials for the effective treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis- recent insights
Publication date: Available online 15 September 2018Source: Materials Today CommunicationsAuthor(s): Kumar Janakiraman, Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami, Vijaya Rajendran, Subramanian Natesan, Ruckmani KandasamyAbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common complex multifactorial joint related autoimmune inflammatory disease with unknown etiology accomplished with increased cardiovascular risks. RA is characterized by the clinical findings of synovial inflammation, autoantibody production, and cartilage/bone destruction, cardiovascular, pulmonary and skeletal disorders. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8,...
Source: Materials Today Communications - September 15, 2018 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

GRK2 mediates TCR-induced transactivation of CXCR4 and TCR-CXCR4 complex formation that drives PI3K{gamma}/PREX1 signaling and T cell cytokine secretion Signal Transduction
The immune system includes abundant examples of biologically-relevant cross-regulation of signaling pathways by the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and the G protein–coupled chemokine receptor, CXCR4. TCR ligation induces transactivation of CXCR4 and TCR–CXCR4 complex formation, permitting the TCR to signal via CXCR4 to activate a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate–dependent Rac exchanger 1 protein (PREX1)–dependent signaling pathway that drives robust cytokine secretion by T cells. To understand this receptor heterodimer and its regulation, we characterized the molecular mechanisms required for TCR-mediated TC...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - September 7, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Brittney A. Dinkel, Kimberly N. Kremer, Meagan R. Rollins, Michael J. Medlyn, Karen E. Hedin Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

Unique N-terminal extension domain of human asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase elicits CCR3-mediated chemokine activity.
Abstract Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NRS) is not only essential in protein translation but also associated with autoimmune diseases. Particularly, patients with antibodies that recognize NRS often develop interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, the underlying mechanism of how NRS is recognized by immune cells and provokes inflammatory responses is not well-understood. Here, we found that the crystal structure of the unique N-terminal extension domain of human NRS (named as UNE-N, where -N denotes NRS) resembles that of the chemotactic N-terminal domain of NRS from a filarial nematode, Brugia malayi, which recru...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 29, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Park JS, Park MC, Lee KY, Goughnour PC, Jeong SJ, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Lee BJ, Kim S, Han BW Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

An enhanced RRM2 siRNA delivery to rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through a liposome ‑protamine-DNA-siRNA complex with cell permeable peptides.
An enhanced RRM2 siRNA delivery to rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through a liposome‑protamine-DNA-siRNA complex with cell permeable peptides. Int J Mol Med. 2018 Aug 08;: Authors: Wang X, Wang X, Sun J, Fu S Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered to be a systemic autoimmune disease that induces systemic complications and progressive disability. It affects a large number of people. RA fibroblast‑like synoviocytes (RA‑FLS) promote the progression of RA through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and increasing invasiveness into the extracellular matrix. Therefo...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - August 8, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang X, Wang X, Sun J, Fu S Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Targeted Delivery of miR-146a Mimic Oligonucleotides as a Potential Therapeutic Approach to Modulate NF-kB Signaling in Myeloid Leukemia and Myeloproliferative Diseases
NF-kB signaling plays central role regulating cancer cell survival and self-renewal as well as immune cell activity. The microRNA-146a provides negative feedback inhibition of the NF-kB pathway and has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as graft versus host disease (GVHD), and in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While it is a potential therapeutic target, the lack of efficient delivery of miRNA remains a challenge limiting clinical translation. We previously developed a strategy for targeted delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics, such as siRNA, into human and mouse myeloid cells and B cells, using partly or compl...
Source: Experimental Hematology - August 1, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Yu-lin Su, Zhuoran Zhang, Piotr Swiderski, Defu Zeng, Guido Marcucci, Mark Boldin, Marcin Kortylewski Source Type: research

High-mobility group box 1 protein contributes to the immunogenicity of rTcdB-treated CT26 cells.
In this study, HMGB1 was found to be released from the rTcdB-treated CT26 cells. HMGB1 knockdown by using specific siRNA weakened the capacity of the BMDCs loaded with the rTcdB-treated CT26 cells to prime T cells in vitro and in vivo. The released HMGB1 from CT26 cells could interact with the receptor TLR4, which is closely related to DC activation and immune responses. The knockdown of HMGB1 also affected the phagocytosis of the rTcdB-treated CT26 cells by DCs in vitro. Furthermore, HMGB1 weakened the antitumor immunity of the rTcdB-treated CT26 cells, which protects mice from rechallenge of the live CT26 cells. Taken to...
Source: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica - July 20, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gu H, Liu J, Chen S, Qi H, Shi K, Li S, Ma Y, Wang J Tags: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) Source Type: research

Caveolin-1 regulates autophagy activity in thyroid follicular cells and is involved in Hashimoto's thyroiditis disease.
In this study, we examined Th1 cytokines and Cav-1 expression in HT thyroid tissues, determined the effects of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on Cav-1 and autophagy activity in TFC, and investigated the association between Cav-1 and autophagy activity in vitro. Our results indicate that higher levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ and lower levels of Cav-1 were expressed in thyroid tissues of HT patients than in those of normal controls. Cav-1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in TFC exposed to IL-1β and IFN-γ, accompanied by decreased expression of autophagy-related protein LC3B-II. In...
Source: Endocrine Journal - June 8, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocr J Source Type: research