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Synergistic treatment of osteosarcoma with biomimetic nanoparticles transporting doxorubicin and siRNA
ConclusionDOX/siSUR-PLGA@MSCM NPs can show improved therapeutic effects in osteosarcoma patients due to the combination of a chemotherapeutic drug and gene therapy based on their good tumor targeting and biosafety.
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - January 23, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Immune-Modulation by the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Focus on Dendritic Cells
This study is complemented by another report that found that hRSV infection induces significant expression of three miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-4448, hsa-miR-30a-5p, and hsa-miR-4634 in human DCs (104). Interestingly, this latter study also performed comparative analyses of miRNA profiles between DCs infected with hRSV and a related virus, namely the human metapneumovirus, and found that both viruses induced the expression of elevated levels of hsa-miR-4634. Elucidating the contribution of these miRNAs in DCs in response to hRSV remains to be determined. Dendritic Cell Phenotype and Migration Upon hRSV Infection in vivo Altho...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 14, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Systematic screening identifies dual PI3K and mTOR inhibition as a conserved therapeutic vulnerability in osteosarcoma.
CONCLUSIONS: The approaches described here have identified dual inhibition of the PI3K/mTOR pathway as a sensitive, druggable target in OS and provide rationale for translational studies with these agents. PMID: 25862761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - April 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gupte A, Baker E, Wan SS, Stewart E, Loh A, Shelat AA, Gould CM, Chalk A, Taylor S, Lackovic K, Karlstrom A, Mutsaers A, Desai J, Madhamshettiwar PB, Zannettino AC, Burns C, Huang DC, Dyer M, Simpson KJ, Walkley C Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Abstract 663: Targeting autophagy potentiates the anti-tumoral action of crizotinib in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma
ALK (Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase)-positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) occurs predominantly in children and young adults. Their chemotherapeutic treatment leads to a 5-year overall survival amounted to 70-80%. The tumor relapses are often very aggressive and lethal and their underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, there is still a need to improve current therapy. Crizotinib is the most advanced ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor already used in clinics for ALK-associated lung cancers. However, mechanisms of escape to crizotinib have been reported in cell lines and patients submitted to continuous crizotinib treat...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: MITOU, G., FRENTZEL, J., LAMANT, L., MEGGETTO, F., ESPINOS, E., CODOGNO, P., BROUSSET, P., GIURIATO, S. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Transcription factor Oct4 promotes osteosarcoma by regulating lncRNA AK055347.
Authors: Fan H, Liu G, Zhao C, Li X, Yang X Abstract Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents, typically presenting with a poor prognosis. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) protein, encoded by the POU class 5 homeobox 1 gene, is important in maintaining self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells, and is closely associated with cancer. However, its role in osteosarcoma remains to be elucidated. The present study observed Oct4 was markedly increased in osteosarcoma cell lines and in human osteosarcoma tissue samples. Following Oct4 downregulation by small interfering RNA ...
Source: Oncology Letters - January 28, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Crizotinib-induced antitumour activity in human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells is not solely dependent on ALK and MET inhibition
Conclusions: These results provide a further insight into the molecular mechanisms affected by crizotinib in ARMS cells inferring that it could be a useful therapeutic tool in ARMS cancer treatment.
Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research - October 6, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Francesca MegiorniHeather McDowellSimona CameroOlga MannarinoSimona CeccarelliMilena PaianoPaul LostyBarry PizerRajeev ShuklaAntonio PizzutiAnna ClericoCarlo Dominici Source Type: research

Targeting specificity protein 1 transcription factor and survivin using tolfenamic acid for inhibiting Ewing sarcoma cell growth
SummaryTranscription factor Specificity protein  1 (Sp1) and its downstream target survivin (inhibitor of apoptosis protein), play major roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers. Ewing Sarcoma (ES) is a common soft tissue/bone tumor in adolescent and young adults. Overexpression of survivin is also linked to the aggressiveness and poor prog nosis of ES. Small molecule Tolfenamic acid (TA) inhibits Sp1 and survivin in cancer cells. In this investigation, we demonstrate a strategy to target Sp1 and survivin using TA and positive control Mithramycin A (Mit) to inhibit ES cell growth. Knock down of Sp1 using small interf...
Source: Investigational New Drugs - December 25, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Mir-150 Up-Regulates Glut1 and Increases Glycolysis in Osteosarcoma Cells
Conclusion: These data suggest that miR-150 is involved in regulation of glycolysis in osteosarcoma cells by influencing Glut1 expression. PMID: 28547952 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention - May 28, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev Source Type: research

Raddeanin A, a natural triterpenoid saponin compound, exerts anticancer effect on human osteosarcoma via the ROS/JNK and NF- κB signal pathway.
Raddeanin A, a natural triterpenoid saponin compound, exerts anticancer effect on human osteosarcoma via the ROS/JNK and NF-κB signal pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 May 27;: Authors: Ma B, Zhu J, Zhao A, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Q Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent and high mortality primary bone tumor in the adolescent. And it is well-known for poor prognosis due to high incidence of metastasis. Raddeanin A (RA), an active component of Anemone raddeana Regel, showed potential anti-cancer activities. However, the anti-tumor effect and molecular mechanism(s) of RA o...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - May 27, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ma B, Zhu J, Zhao A, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Q Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

The role of Chamaejasmine in cellular apoptosis and autophagy in MG-63 cells.
Conclusion：Our results show that chamaejasmine promotes apoptosis and autophagy by activating AMPK /mTOR signaling pathways with involvement of ROS in MG-63 cells. Chamaejasmine is a promising anti-cancer agent in OS treatment and further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in vivo or other cancer cells. PMID: 30463909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Bioscience Reports - November 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yang D, Zhang H, Wu J, Ma R, Li Z, Wang K, Yang F Tags: Biosci Rep Source Type: research

Carboxypeptidase E- ΔN promotes migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human osteosarcoma cell lines through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
In this study, we investigated the effect of CPE-ΔN on cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OS cells, and illustrated the molecular mechanisms. We first constructed CPE-ΔN overexpressing human OS cell lines (143B and U2OS cells), and found that ectopic CPE-ΔN expression in OS cells enhanced cellular migratory and invasiveness abilities, and promoted EMT process. Further, overexpression of CPE-ΔN increased c-myc and nuclear β-catenin levels in OS cells, which suggested CPE-ΔN promoted the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in OS cells. Treatment with β-catenin small interfering RN...
Source: Biochemistry and Cell Biology - December 3, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fan S, Gao X, Chen P, Li X Tags: Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Human CAR NK Cells: A New Non-viral Method Allowing High Efficient Transfection and Strong Tumor Cell Killing
In conclusion, the method of NK cell transfection described in our present study is highly efficient, does not require expensive dedicated structures necessary for viral transduction and avoids possible risks associated with the use of viral vectors. Importantly, it may be applied to NK cells or NK-92 cell line, greatly improving their anti-tumor activity and providing a new NK cell-based platform for new protocols of adoptive immuno-therapy of cancer. Ethics Statement The Ethical Committee of IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital approved the study (825/2014). Author Contributions TI designed and performed res...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

CBX2 is a functional target of miRNA let ‐7a and acts as a tumor promoter in osteosarcoma
Our study demonstrates that let ‐7a/CBX2 plays a crucial role in osteosarcoma progression. CBX2 could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma patients. AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant tumor of skeletal with poor prognosis in children and adolescents. Accumulating evidence indicates that CBX2 is overexpressed in multiple human neoplasm and play a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, its functional role and upstream regulation mechanism in osteosarcoma remain unknown. In the present study, tissue microarray (TMA) analy...
Source: Cancer Medicine - May 30, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qicai Han, Chao Li, Yuan Cao, Jie Bao, Kongfei Li, Ruipeng Song, Xiaolong Chen, Juan Li, Xuejian Wu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Furowanin A Exhibits Anti-proliferative and Pro-apoptotic Activities by Targeting Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Osteosarcoma.
This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of Fur A against OS. The effect of Fur A on cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to determine the protein and mRNA level of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), respectively. To validate the role of SphK1 in the pro-apoptotic activity of Fur A, overexpressing SphK1 vector and siRNA targeting SphK1 were utilized to transfect OS cells. Moreover, a OS xenograft murine model was used to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of Fur A in vivo. Fur A treatment led to a dose-dependent decrease i...
Source: Anatomical Record - June 13, 2019 Category: Anatomy Authors: Wei K, Sun H, Chen X, Chen Q, Li Y, Wu H Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Silencing METTL3 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma by regulating ATAD2
ConclusionOverall, our study revealed that METTL3 functions as an oncogene in the growth and invasion of osteosarcoma by regulating ATAD2, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma treatment.
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - February 9, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

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