Buoyancy control and air breathing in royal knifefish (Chitala blanci) and a new hypothesis for the early evolution of vertebrate air-breathing behaviors
We present the first description of inspiration-first air breaths in royal knifefish, Chitala blanci, a ray-finned fish known to use four-stroke air breaths. Four-stroke breaths are used by nearly all ray-finned fish species that use their gas bladder to breathe air and are the ancestral breath type of ray-finned fishes. Interestingly, one such species, Amia calva, is known to perform two distinct breath types. Amia use four-stroke breaths when they need more oxygen and performs inspiration-first breaths to restore buoyancy. We observed that C. blanci also performs inspiration-first breaths and tested whether the two breat...
Source: Anatomical Record - May 7, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Elska B Kaczmarek Elizabeth L Brainerd Source Type: research
Commentary on AR Human fossils from the Sima de los Huesos. Forty years of discoveries and research SI: Of ancient and present lifestyles
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 4. doi: 10.1002/ar.25457. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38702969 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25457 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - May 4, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jos é Luis Trejo Source Type: research
Commentary on AR Human fossils from the Sima de los Huesos. Forty years of discoveries and research SI: Of ancient and present lifestyles
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 4. doi: 10.1002/ar.25457. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38702969 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25457 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - May 4, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jos é Luis Trejo Source Type: research
Commentary on AR Human fossils from the Sima de los Huesos. Forty years of discoveries and research SI: Of ancient and present lifestyles
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 4. doi: 10.1002/ar.25457. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38702969 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25457 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - May 4, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jos é Luis Trejo Source Type: research
New Glires materials from the East Mesa, Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 1. doi: 10.1002/ar.25462. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEast Mesa, an Eocene locality situated east of the Shara Murun River in the Erlian Basin, is characterized by basal lower red mudstones. However, a distinct depositional hiatus has been observed in these red mudstones, leading to their division into layers 1 and 2. Excitingly, recent discoveries respectively in layers 1 and 2 of the lower red mudstones at the East Mesa include new Glires (Gomphos sp.) and rodents such as Asiomys dawsoni, Gobiocylindrodon cf. G. ulausuensis, and Yuomys sp., marking their first occurrences within these horiz...
Source: Anatomical Record - May 1, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Qian Li Source Type: research
New Glires materials from the East Mesa, Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 1. doi: 10.1002/ar.25462. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEast Mesa, an Eocene locality situated east of the Shara Murun River in the Erlian Basin, is characterized by basal lower red mudstones. However, a distinct depositional hiatus has been observed in these red mudstones, leading to their division into layers 1 and 2. Excitingly, recent discoveries respectively in layers 1 and 2 of the lower red mudstones at the East Mesa include new Glires (Gomphos sp.) and rodents such as Asiomys dawsoni, Gobiocylindrodon cf. G. ulausuensis, and Yuomys sp., marking their first occurrences within these horiz...
Source: Anatomical Record - May 1, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Qian Li Source Type: research
New Glires materials from the East Mesa, Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 May 1. doi: 10.1002/ar.25462. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEast Mesa, an Eocene locality situated east of the Shara Murun River in the Erlian Basin, is characterized by basal lower red mudstones. However, a distinct depositional hiatus has been observed in these red mudstones, leading to their division into layers 1 and 2. Excitingly, recent discoveries respectively in layers 1 and 2 of the lower red mudstones at the East Mesa include new Glires (Gomphos sp.) and rodents such as Asiomys dawsoni, Gobiocylindrodon cf. G. ulausuensis, and Yuomys sp., marking their first occurrences within these horiz...
Source: Anatomical Record - May 1, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Qian Li Source Type: research
A reinterpretation of human breast anatomy includes all the layers of the anterior body wall
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/ar.25456. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMammary glands define mammals as a group, yet a comprehensive anatomical description of the mammary gland does not exist for almost any mammalian species. In humans, the anatomical and surgical literature provide conflicting and incomplete descriptions of the gross anatomy of the breast. We dissected 9 male and 15 female human body donors to clarify this gross anatomy. We found that, like other epidermally derived glands of the body, the mammary glandular tissue is constrained to a membrane-bound, central structure referred to as the corp...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 29, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Margaret I Hall Ana Suarez-Venot Tyler Lindvall Jeffrey H Plochocki Aryeh Grossman Jose R Rodriguez-Sosa Georgina M Voegele Dominik R Valdez Justin A Georgi Source Type: research
A reinterpretation of human breast anatomy includes all the layers of the anterior body wall
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/ar.25456. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMammary glands define mammals as a group, yet a comprehensive anatomical description of the mammary gland does not exist for almost any mammalian species. In humans, the anatomical and surgical literature provide conflicting and incomplete descriptions of the gross anatomy of the breast. We dissected 9 male and 15 female human body donors to clarify this gross anatomy. We found that, like other epidermally derived glands of the body, the mammary glandular tissue is constrained to a membrane-bound, central structure referred to as the corp...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 29, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Margaret I Hall Ana Suarez-Venot Tyler Lindvall Jeffrey H Plochocki Aryeh Grossman Jose R Rodriguez-Sosa Georgina M Voegele Dominik R Valdez Justin A Georgi Source Type: research
A reinterpretation of human breast anatomy includes all the layers of the anterior body wall
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/ar.25456. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMammary glands define mammals as a group, yet a comprehensive anatomical description of the mammary gland does not exist for almost any mammalian species. In humans, the anatomical and surgical literature provide conflicting and incomplete descriptions of the gross anatomy of the breast. We dissected 9 male and 15 female human body donors to clarify this gross anatomy. We found that, like other epidermally derived glands of the body, the mammary glandular tissue is constrained to a membrane-bound, central structure referred to as the corp...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 29, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Margaret I Hall Ana Suarez-Venot Tyler Lindvall Jeffrey H Plochocki Aryeh Grossman Jose R Rodriguez-Sosa Georgina M Voegele Dominik R Valdez Justin A Georgi Source Type: research
Male genital system of Ameiva ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae)
We examined 10 transverse histological sections per individual and measured the epithelial height of the epididymis and ductus deferens. The male reproductive system consists of a pair of yellowish oval testes, the rete testis, ductuli efferentes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ampulla ductus deferentis, sexual segment of the kidney (SSK), cloaca, and hemipenis. The hemipenis is elongated, cylindrical, and unilobed, with a sulcate face and an asulcate face, which has continuous fringes throughout its length. Seminiferous tubules exhibited germ cells at various stages. The epididymis is wider and more coiled than the ductus d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 26, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Érica da Silva Maciel Rodrigo Zieri Selma Maria de Almeida-Santos Source Type: research
How smart was T. rex? Testing claims of exceptional cognition in dinosaurs and the application of neuron count estimates in palaeontological research
We present revised estimates of encephalization and telencephalic neuron counts in dinosaurs, which we derive from phylogenetically informed modeling and an amended dataset of endocranial measurements. For large-bodied theropods in particular, we recover significantly lower neuron counts than previously proposed. Furthermore, we review the suitability of neurological variables such as neuron numbers and relative brain size to predict cognitive complexity, metabolic rate and life history traits in dinosaurs, coming to the conclusion that they are flawed proxies for these biological phenomena. Instead of relying on such neur...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 26, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Kai R Caspar Cristi án Gutiérrez-Ibáñez Ornella C Bertrand Thomas Carr Jennifer A D Colbourne Arthur Erb Hady George Thomas R Holtz Darren Naish Douglas R Wylie Grant R Hurlburt Source Type: research
Male genital system of Ameiva ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae)
We examined 10 transverse histological sections per individual and measured the epithelial height of the epididymis and ductus deferens. The male reproductive system consists of a pair of yellowish oval testes, the rete testis, ductuli efferentes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ampulla ductus deferentis, sexual segment of the kidney (SSK), cloaca, and hemipenis. The hemipenis is elongated, cylindrical, and unilobed, with a sulcate face and an asulcate face, which has continuous fringes throughout its length. Seminiferous tubules exhibited germ cells at various stages. The epididymis is wider and more coiled than the ductus d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 26, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Érica da Silva Maciel Rodrigo Zieri Selma Maria de Almeida-Santos Source Type: research
How smart was T. rex? Testing claims of exceptional cognition in dinosaurs and the application of neuron count estimates in palaeontological research
We present revised estimates of encephalization and telencephalic neuron counts in dinosaurs, which we derive from phylogenetically informed modeling and an amended dataset of endocranial measurements. For large-bodied theropods in particular, we recover significantly lower neuron counts than previously proposed. Furthermore, we review the suitability of neurological variables such as neuron numbers and relative brain size to predict cognitive complexity, metabolic rate and life history traits in dinosaurs, coming to the conclusion that they are flawed proxies for these biological phenomena. Instead of relying on such neur...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 26, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Kai R Caspar Cristi án Gutiérrez-Ibáñez Ornella C Bertrand Thomas Carr Jennifer A D Colbourne Arthur Erb Hady George Thomas R Holtz Darren Naish Douglas R Wylie Grant R Hurlburt Source Type: research
Male genital system of Ameiva ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae)
We examined 10 transverse histological sections per individual and measured the epithelial height of the epididymis and ductus deferens. The male reproductive system consists of a pair of yellowish oval testes, the rete testis, ductuli efferentes, epididymis, ductus deferens, ampulla ductus deferentis, sexual segment of the kidney (SSK), cloaca, and hemipenis. The hemipenis is elongated, cylindrical, and unilobed, with a sulcate face and an asulcate face, which has continuous fringes throughout its length. Seminiferous tubules exhibited germ cells at various stages. The epididymis is wider and more coiled than the ductus d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 26, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Érica da Silva Maciel Rodrigo Zieri Selma Maria de Almeida-Santos Source Type: research
