Adaptations to sociality in the mimetic and auricular musculature of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is a highly social canid that engages in sophisticated, coordinated group hunting tactics to procure large game. It is one of the most effective hunters of the African savannah, due to its highly developed communication methods. It also has large, mobile ears which enhance its auditory capabilities while hunting and assist with thermoregulation. Recent research suggested that certain muscles of facial expression, particularly those involved with expressive eyebrow movement, evolved solely in domestic d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Heather F Smith Mia A Felix Felicia A Rocco Leigha M Lynch Dominik Valdez Source Type: research
Who was the real sabertooth predator: Thylacosmilus or Thylacoleo?
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25444. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSabertoothed mammalian predators, all now extinct, were almost exclusively feloid carnivorans (Eutheria, Placentalia): here a couple of extinct metatherian predators are considered in comparison with the placental sabertooths. Thylacosmilus (the "marsupial sabertooth") and Thylacoleo (the "marsupial lion") were both relatively large (puma-sized) carnivores of the Plio-Pleistocene in the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina and Australia, respectively). Both carnivores have captured the public imagination, especially as predators that were someh...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Christine M Janis Source Type: research
Early synapsids neurosensory diversity revealed by CT and synchrotron scanning
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25445. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNon-mammaliaform synapsids (NMS) represent the closest relatives of today's mammals among the early amniotes. Exploring their brain and nervous system is key to understanding how mammals evolved. Here, using CT and Synchrotron scanning, we document for the first time three extreme cases of neurosensory and behavioral adaptations that probe into the wide range of unexpected NMS paleoneurological diversity. First, we describe adaptations to low-frequency hearing and low-light conditions in the non-mammalian cynodont Cistecynodon parvus, sup...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: J Benoit R Araujo E S Lund A Bolton T Lafferty Z Macungo V Fernandez Source Type: research
Cervical anatomy and its relation to foraging habits in aquatic birds (Aves: Neornithes: Neoaves)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25446. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBirds have extremely flexible necks, which help in their search for food. However, studies on the variation in bird cervical anatomy and its relationship with foraging are rare, despite the different habits presented between species. Here, we analyze the anatomy of the neck of aquatic birds and relate it to their foraging strategies. We dissected specimens representing four species of Charadriiformes, 11 species of Phaethoquornithes, and two specimens belonging to the outgroup Telluraves. We chose to emphasize Charadriiformes and Phaethoq...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Richard Buchmann Taissa Rodrigues Source Type: research
Adaptations to sociality in the mimetic and auricular musculature of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is a highly social canid that engages in sophisticated, coordinated group hunting tactics to procure large game. It is one of the most effective hunters of the African savannah, due to its highly developed communication methods. It also has large, mobile ears which enhance its auditory capabilities while hunting and assist with thermoregulation. Recent research suggested that certain muscles of facial expression, particularly those involved with expressive eyebrow movement, evolved solely in domestic d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Heather F Smith Mia A Felix Felicia A Rocco Leigha M Lynch Dominik Valdez Source Type: research
Who was the real sabertooth predator: Thylacosmilus or Thylacoleo?
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25444. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSabertoothed mammalian predators, all now extinct, were almost exclusively feloid carnivorans (Eutheria, Placentalia): here a couple of extinct metatherian predators are considered in comparison with the placental sabertooths. Thylacosmilus (the "marsupial sabertooth") and Thylacoleo (the "marsupial lion") were both relatively large (puma-sized) carnivores of the Plio-Pleistocene in the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina and Australia, respectively). Both carnivores have captured the public imagination, especially as predators that were someh...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Christine M Janis Source Type: research
Early synapsids neurosensory diversity revealed by CT and synchrotron scanning
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25445. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNon-mammaliaform synapsids (NMS) represent the closest relatives of today's mammals among the early amniotes. Exploring their brain and nervous system is key to understanding how mammals evolved. Here, using CT and Synchrotron scanning, we document for the first time three extreme cases of neurosensory and behavioral adaptations that probe into the wide range of unexpected NMS paleoneurological diversity. First, we describe adaptations to low-frequency hearing and low-light conditions in the non-mammalian cynodont Cistecynodon parvus, sup...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: J Benoit R Araujo E S Lund A Bolton T Lafferty Z Macungo V Fernandez Source Type: research
Cervical anatomy and its relation to foraging habits in aquatic birds (Aves: Neornithes: Neoaves)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25446. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBirds have extremely flexible necks, which help in their search for food. However, studies on the variation in bird cervical anatomy and its relationship with foraging are rare, despite the different habits presented between species. Here, we analyze the anatomy of the neck of aquatic birds and relate it to their foraging strategies. We dissected specimens representing four species of Charadriiformes, 11 species of Phaethoquornithes, and two specimens belonging to the outgroup Telluraves. We chose to emphasize Charadriiformes and Phaethoq...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Richard Buchmann Taissa Rodrigues Source Type: research
Adaptations to sociality in the mimetic and auricular musculature of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is a highly social canid that engages in sophisticated, coordinated group hunting tactics to procure large game. It is one of the most effective hunters of the African savannah, due to its highly developed communication methods. It also has large, mobile ears which enhance its auditory capabilities while hunting and assist with thermoregulation. Recent research suggested that certain muscles of facial expression, particularly those involved with expressive eyebrow movement, evolved solely in domestic d...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Heather F Smith Mia A Felix Felicia A Rocco Leigha M Lynch Dominik Valdez Source Type: research
Who was the real sabertooth predator: Thylacosmilus or Thylacoleo?
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/ar.25444. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSabertoothed mammalian predators, all now extinct, were almost exclusively feloid carnivorans (Eutheria, Placentalia): here a couple of extinct metatherian predators are considered in comparison with the placental sabertooths. Thylacosmilus (the "marsupial sabertooth") and Thylacoleo (the "marsupial lion") were both relatively large (puma-sized) carnivores of the Plio-Pleistocene in the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina and Australia, respectively). Both carnivores have captured the public imagination, especially as predators that were someh...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 10, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Christine M Janis Source Type: research
Bending performance changes during prolonged canine eruption in saber-toothed carnivores: A case study of Smilodon fatalis
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 8. doi: 10.1002/ar.25447. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe canine of saber-toothed predators represents one of the most specialized dental structures known. Hypotheses about the function of hypertrophied canines range from display and conspecific interaction, soft food processing, to active prey acquisition. Recent research on the ontogenetic timing of skull traits indicates the adult canine can take years to fully erupt, but the consequences of prolonged eruption on inferences of canine functional morphology are missing from current discourse and have not been quantified. Here I evaluate hypo...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 8, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Z Jack Tseng Source Type: research
Bending performance changes during prolonged canine eruption in saber-toothed carnivores: A case study of Smilodon fatalis
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 8. doi: 10.1002/ar.25447. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe canine of saber-toothed predators represents one of the most specialized dental structures known. Hypotheses about the function of hypertrophied canines range from display and conspecific interaction, soft food processing, to active prey acquisition. Recent research on the ontogenetic timing of skull traits indicates the adult canine can take years to fully erupt, but the consequences of prolonged eruption on inferences of canine functional morphology are missing from current discourse and have not been quantified. Here I evaluate hypo...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 8, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Z Jack Tseng Source Type: research
Replacement tooth in mesosaurs and new data on dental microanatomy and microstructure
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 6. doi: 10.1002/ar.25442. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Permian mesosaurs are well known for being the earliest amniotes to exhibit adaptations for living in a marine environment (Irati-Whitehill Sea). In addition to their set of skeletal features associated with aquatic dwelling life, their dentition includes important characteristics related to feeding in this habitat, which is described in this work, based on the analysis of mesosaur specimens from the Lower Permian Irati Formation of Brazil. Mesosaurs have several slender, conical teeth bordered by enamel apicobasal ridges, a feature pr...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 6, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Thiago Carlisbino Brodsky Dantas Macedo de Farias Fernando Antonio Sedor Marina Bento Soares Cesar Leandro Schultz Source Type: research
Replacement tooth in mesosaurs and new data on dental microanatomy and microstructure
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 6. doi: 10.1002/ar.25442. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Permian mesosaurs are well known for being the earliest amniotes to exhibit adaptations for living in a marine environment (Irati-Whitehill Sea). In addition to their set of skeletal features associated with aquatic dwelling life, their dentition includes important characteristics related to feeding in this habitat, which is described in this work, based on the analysis of mesosaur specimens from the Lower Permian Irati Formation of Brazil. Mesosaurs have several slender, conical teeth bordered by enamel apicobasal ridges, a feature pr...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 6, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Thiago Carlisbino Brodsky Dantas Macedo de Farias Fernando Antonio Sedor Marina Bento Soares Cesar Leandro Schultz Source Type: research
New findings of dipteromantispids (Insecta: Neuroptera) from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar amber
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Apr 3. doi: 10.1002/ar.25435. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA new genus and two new species, Tholimantispa zuoae gen. et sp. nov. and Mantispidipterella curvis sp. nov. are described from the Upper Cretaceous of northern Myanmar amber collected in 2015. Tholimantispa zuoae gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by its distinct pterostigma, broad costal space, bifurcate humeral veinlets, and so forth, and Mantispidipterella curvis sp. nov. is different from Mantispidipterella longissima Liu, Lu et Zhang, 2017 in its ScP (subcosta posterior) distinctly curved at fusing point with RA (radius anterior), RP ...
Source: Anatomical Record - April 3, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Cuixia Chen Zihao Peng Chaofan Shi Dong Ren Qiang Yang Source Type: research
