Mirror, mirror? An evaluation of identical twin mirroring in tooth crown morphology
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1002/ar.25408. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIt has been estimated that 25% of monozygotic ("identical") twin pairs exhibit reverse asymmetry (RA) or "mirroring" of minor anatomical features as a result of delayed zygote division. Here, we examine whether identical twin mirroring accounts for patterns of dental asymmetry in a sample of monozygotic and dizygotic ("fraternal") twins. We focus on crown morphology to approach the following question: is there an association between dental RA frequency and twin type suggestive of the presence of mirror image twins in our sample? Data were...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 19, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Tess McCrary Toby Hughes Alan H Brook Kathleen S Paul Source Type: research

Mirror, mirror? An evaluation of identical twin mirroring in tooth crown morphology
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1002/ar.25408. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIt has been estimated that 25% of monozygotic ("identical") twin pairs exhibit reverse asymmetry (RA) or "mirroring" of minor anatomical features as a result of delayed zygote division. Here, we examine whether identical twin mirroring accounts for patterns of dental asymmetry in a sample of monozygotic and dizygotic ("fraternal") twins. We focus on crown morphology to approach the following question: is there an association between dental RA frequency and twin type suggestive of the presence of mirror image twins in our sample? Data were...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 19, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Tess McCrary Toby Hughes Alan H Brook Kathleen S Paul Source Type: research

Evolutionary anatomical and functional characteristics of the intrinsic shoulder and brachial muscles in the northern anteater (Tamandua mexicana)
In conclusion, the intrinsic muscles of T. mexicana presented unique features for the species, as well as arrangements in mass distribution that evidence a possible evolutionary convergence among species of the Superorder Xenarthra.PMID:38357774 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25407 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Sharith Valentina Torres Su árez Maria Jose Monroy-Cendales Juan Velasco-Bola ños Maria Angelica Miglino Juan Fernando V élez García Source Type: research

Comparing lateral plantar process trabecular structure to other regions of the human calcaneus
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 15. doi: 10.1002/ar.25406. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInvestigating skeletal adaptations to bipedalism informs our understanding of form-function relationships. The calcaneus is an important skeletal element to study because it is a weight-bearing bone with a critical locomotor role. Although other calcaneal regions have been well studied, we lack a clear understanding of the functional role of the lateral plantar process (LPP). The LPP is a bony protuberance on the inferolateral portion of the calcaneus thought to aid the tuberosity in transmission of ground reaction forces during heel-stri...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Manisha C Koneru Christine M Harper Source Type: research

Evolutionary anatomical and functional characteristics of the intrinsic shoulder and brachial muscles in the northern anteater (Tamandua mexicana)
In conclusion, the intrinsic muscles of T. mexicana presented unique features for the species, as well as arrangements in mass distribution that evidence a possible evolutionary convergence among species of the Superorder Xenarthra.PMID:38357774 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25407 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Sharith Valentina Torres Su árez Maria Jose Monroy-Cendales Juan Velasco-Bola ños Maria Angelica Miglino Juan Fernando V élez García Source Type: research

Comparing lateral plantar process trabecular structure to other regions of the human calcaneus
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 15. doi: 10.1002/ar.25406. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInvestigating skeletal adaptations to bipedalism informs our understanding of form-function relationships. The calcaneus is an important skeletal element to study because it is a weight-bearing bone with a critical locomotor role. Although other calcaneal regions have been well studied, we lack a clear understanding of the functional role of the lateral plantar process (LPP). The LPP is a bony protuberance on the inferolateral portion of the calcaneus thought to aid the tuberosity in transmission of ground reaction forces during heel-stri...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Manisha C Koneru Christine M Harper Source Type: research

Evolutionary anatomical and functional characteristics of the intrinsic shoulder and brachial muscles in the northern anteater (Tamandua mexicana)
In conclusion, the intrinsic muscles of T. mexicana presented unique features for the species, as well as arrangements in mass distribution that evidence a possible evolutionary convergence among species of the Superorder Xenarthra.PMID:38357774 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25407 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Sharith Valentina Torres Su árez Maria Jose Monroy-Cendales Juan Velasco-Bola ños Maria Angelica Miglino Juan Fernando V élez García Source Type: research

Comparing lateral plantar process trabecular structure to other regions of the human calcaneus
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 15. doi: 10.1002/ar.25406. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInvestigating skeletal adaptations to bipedalism informs our understanding of form-function relationships. The calcaneus is an important skeletal element to study because it is a weight-bearing bone with a critical locomotor role. Although other calcaneal regions have been well studied, we lack a clear understanding of the functional role of the lateral plantar process (LPP). The LPP is a bony protuberance on the inferolateral portion of the calcaneus thought to aid the tuberosity in transmission of ground reaction forces during heel-stri...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 15, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Manisha C Koneru Christine M Harper Source Type: research

The dawn of an Era: New contributions on comparative and functional anatomy of Triassic tetrapods
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1002/ar.25402. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Triassic period stands as a crucial moment for understanding tetrapod evolution, marking the emergence and early diversification of numerous lineages that persist in today's ecosystems. Birds, crocodiles, testudines, lizards, and mammals can all trace their origins to the Triassic, which is distinguished by several adaptive radiation events that fostered unparalleled diversity in body plans and lifestyles. Beyond this macroevolutionary significance, the Triassic period serves as fertile ground for scientific inquiry, especially in tet...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 12, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Felipe L Pinheiro Fl ávio A Pretto Leonardo Kerber Source Type: research

Reassessment of the enigmatic "Prestosuchus" loricatus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the Middle-Late Triassic of southern Brazil
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1002/ar.25401. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOur knowledge of the diversity and evolution of South American Triassic pseudosuchians has greatly improved in the past 15 years, due to new discoveries, but also to the revision of several historically important specimens. One of the earliest descriptions of pseudosuchians from the Triassic of Brazil stems from the classic work of Huene from the first half of the 20th century, who described several species, including such influential taxa as Rauisuchus tiradentes or Prestosuchus chiniquensis, which have recently been reviewed. The more p...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 12, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Julia B Desojo Oliver W M Rauhut Source Type: research

The tympanic region of the skull in extant pinnipeds: A pilot study of auditory morphological disparity using linear morphometric principal component analysis
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 8. doi: 10.1002/ar.25387. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPinnipeds are unique semiaquatic taxa possessing adaptations to hear efficiently both in water and on land. Research over the past century is extremely limited on the auditory apparatus morphology of pinnipeds, which include the Families Phocidae (true seals), Otariidae (sea lions/fur seals), and Odobenidae (walruses). Our extensive literature review revealed inaccurate terminology of this region, with details corresponding only to terrestrial taxa, and a severe lack of information due to very few current studies. This demonstrates the nee...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 9, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Lindsey Koper Irina A Koretsky Sulman J Rahmat Source Type: research

The Triassic: A pivotal period in tetrapod evolution
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 9. doi: 10.1002/ar.25399. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38334414 | DOI:10.1002/ar.25399 (Source: Anatomical Record)
Source: Anatomical Record - February 9, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Hans-Dieter Sues Source Type: research

Neurovascular description in the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus (Chinchilloidea, Caviomorpha). A study involving evolutionarily related species of Caviomorpha and Muroidea
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Mar;307(3):658-668. doi: 10.1002/ar.25318. Epub 2023 Sep 13.ABSTRACTOxygenated blood is required for the adequate metabolic activity of the brain. This is supplied by the circle of Willis (CoW) and the vertebrobasilar and carotid systems. The CoW ensures blood flow in case of arterial stenosis or occlusion. Different animal models have been explored for the CoW morphological and functional study. This work aims to characterize the vascular architecture of the CoW of the plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus (Suborder: Hystricomorpha), and to compare it with evolutionarily related species of Caviomorp...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 8, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Alejandro Ra úl Schmidt Pablo Ignacio Felipe Inserra Mariela Giacchino Sergio Ferraris Fernando Lange Ramiro Vidal Figueredo Julia Halperin Alfredo Daniel Vitullo Ver ónica Berta Dorfman Source Type: research

Morphofunctional analysis of the gastrointestinal tract of an annual killifish: In search of structural traits related to the annual life history
The objective of this research was to describe histologically and ultrastructurally, the digestive system of the annual killifish Millerichthys robustus to identify morphological traits related to its annual life history and digestive physiology. Also, we quantify food items along the intestine as a proxy for rates of digestion. Millerichthys has a short digestive system, associated with a carnivorous diet, with no evidence of a stomach. Instead, the presence of pharyngeal jaws with caniform teeth was documented, related to the breakdown of invertebrate exoskeletons, allowing prey fluids to be tasted by taste corpuscles re...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 7, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Omar Dom ínguez-Castanedo Ximena Luna-Gonz ález Sharon Valdez-Carbajal Tessy M Mu ñoz-Campos Source Type: research

On the spinal venous sinus of Alligator mississippiensis
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2024 Feb 7. doi: 10.1002/ar.25403. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe epidural space of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) is largely filled by a continuous venous sinus. This venous sinus extends throughout the trunk and tail of the alligator, and is continuous with the dural sinuses surrounding the brain. Segmental spinal veins (sl) link the spinal venous sinus (vs) to the somatic and visceral venous drainage. Some of these sl, like the caudal head vein along the occipital plate of the skull, are enlarged, suggesting more functional linkage. No evidence of venous valves or external ven...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 7, 2024 Category: Anatomy Authors: Seth Parker Michael Cramberg Anchal Scott Stephanie Sopko Annelise Swords Ethan Taylor Bruce A Young Source Type: research