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Obesity Prevention Resources for Special Populations
From the NLM Outreach and Special Populations Branch:
Obesity is a major health issue in the United States, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offer some alarming facts about obesity in both adults and children in the US:
Obesity affects about 1 in 6 children in the US.
More than 1/3 of US adults are obese.
The highest age-adjusted rates of obesity impact African Americans (48.1%) followed by Hispanic Americans (42.5%).
Obesity can put an individual at increased risk for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers. Changes in nutrition and exercise habits can help to prevent obes...
Source: NN/LM Middle Atlantic Region Blog - July 5, 2017 Category: Databases & Libraries Authors: Hannah Sinemus Tags: Consumer Health Education Public Health Source Type: news
DIS-17-0023 The Enduring Health Challenges of Afghan Immigrants and Refugees in Iran: A Systematic Review
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by the author.
Data Availability
All national (MagIran, Science Information Database (SID) and Iranmedex) and international (PubMed, Scopus) databases were searched from November 2010 to November 2016 using keywords both in English and Persian: Afghan immigrants, Afghan refugees, Iran, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, HIV, Hepatitis B and C, non-communicable disease, food security, mental health, barriers, health insurance, access to health service. All related websites and webpages were also searched by Google with the same keywords ...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - July 21, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: nasim Source Type: research
The Enduring Health Challenges of Afghan Immigrants and Refugees in Iran: A Systematic Review
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by the author.
Data Availability
All national (MagIran, Science Information Database (SID) and Iranmedex) and international (PubMed, Scopus) databases were searched from November 2010 to November 2016 using keywords both in English and Persian: Afghan immigrants, Afghan refugees, Iran, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, HIV, Hepatitis B and C, non-communicable disease, food security, mental health, barriers, health insurance, access to health service. All related websites and webpages were also searched by Google with the same keywords ...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - July 21, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: nasim Source Type: research
Associations between Greenness, Impervious Surface Area, and Nighttime Lights on Biomarkers of Vascular Aging in Chennai, India
Conclusion:
Greenness, ISA, and NTL were associated with increased SBP, DBP, and cPP, and with reduced FMD, suggesting a possible additional EVA pathway for the relationship between urbanization and increased CVD prevalence in urban India. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP541
Received: 20 May 2016
Revised: 03 January 2017
Accepted: 23 January 2017
Published: 02 August 2017
Address correspondence to K.J. Lane, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Telephone: (781) 696-4537; Email: kevin.lane@yale.edu
Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289...
Source: EHP Research - August 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research
'Fat but fit' people may still be at risk of heart disease
Conclusion
This large, valuable study confirms that – as has long been thought – an increased BMI is linked with an increased risk of heart disease.
It shows that people with an obese BMI had a higher risk of heart disease, even if they didn't have other risk factors like high cholesterol and high blood pressure, proving that body fat is an independent risk factor.
That said, this study does have some limitations. For example, definitions of being metabolically unhealthy aren't entirely consistent with other definitions of metabolic syndrome.
This was also only assessed at the start of the study, and risk factors may...
Source: NHS News Feed - August 15, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Obesity Source Type: news
Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion:
To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774
Received: 16 February 2017
Revised: 22 May 2017
Accepted: 24 May 2017
Published: 22 August 2017
Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Results of global fats and carbs study not very relevant for UK
Conclusion
The results of the study have been presented in the media as if they overturn all current dietary guidelines. In the UK at least, that is completely misleading. The study results support the UK guidelines, having found that people who get around 50% of their calories from carbohydrates and 35% from fat, as recommended by Public Health England, were likely to live the longest.
There are some limitations to the study, not least that observational studies cannot prove cause and effect.
For example, the very low fat and high carbohydrate levels of diets found among some participants in the study might simply repres...
Source: NHS News Feed - August 30, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Source Type: news
Diet, microparticles and atherothrombosis.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death worldwide, and is principally caused by atherosclerosis, with subsequent thrombus formation, eventually provoking an acute myocardial infarction or a stroke. The formation and progression of the atherosclerotic plaques responds to multiple factors including certain diets. Intensive research has elucidated the role of diet in cardiovascular disease and has led to public health policies focusing on educating the population on the role of nutrition in cardiovascular health. Compelling evidence shows that a healthy diet, rich in fruit and vegetables with moder...
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 22, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Badimon L, Suades R, Crespo J, Padro T, Chiva-Blanch G Tags: Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) Source Type: research
Association of chronic disease prevalence and quality of life with suicide-related ideation and suicide attempt among Korean adults.
CONCLUSION: SI was positively associated with selected CDP, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, ischemic heart disease (IHD), cancer, diabetes, renal failure, and depression, except hypertension. Subjects with CVD, IHD, renal failure, and depression were found likely to have increased odds for SA as compared to non-SA controls. Lower QoL strongly affected SI and SA. Furthermore, the likelihood of SI increased for depressed and cancer subjects who had low QoL in comparison to subjects with high QoL and without chronic disease. Similarly, statistically, significant interaction was observed between lower QoL and dep...
Source: Indian Journal of Psychiatry - November 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Indian J Psychiatry Source Type: research
Summary: International Kidney Cancer Symposium
Conclusions:
Ideal ischemia time is 20-25 minutes or less improves short and long term renal function. >25 minutes carried 5 year risk of new onset stage 4 CKD
No differences on GFR for cold vs. warm ischemia times
Preoperative GFR and the percent of kidney preserved was a better predictor of post op GFR.
No ischemia preserves renal function better than warm.
Longer cold ischemia times were equivalent to shorter warm ischemia times.
Quality and quantity of the remaining kidney is associated with ultimate renal function.
Robotics in RCC Surgery
Gennady Bratslavsky, MD
The opening question ...
Source: Kidney Cancer Association - December 15, 2011 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: news
Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Nonsmokers - United States, 1988-2014.
Abstract
Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products can cause sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers (1). There is no risk-free level of secondhand smoke exposure (2). CDC analyzed questionnaire and laboratory data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess patterns of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers. The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers declined substantially during 1988-2014...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 7, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tsai J, Homa DM, Gentzke AS, Mahoney M, Sharapova SR, Sosnoff CS, Caron KT, Wang L, Melstrom PC, Trivers KF Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research
Association between serum cholesterol levels and Alzheimer's disease in China: a case-control study.
Authors: Chen H, Du Y, Liu S, Ge B, Ji Y, Huang G
Abstract
To examine the association between blood cholesterol concentrations and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Chinese elderly. A case-control study was implemented between November 2011 and November 2017. Elderly patients aged ≥ 55 years with (n = 117) and without AD (control participants; n = 117) were recruited from the Neurology Central Hospital of Tianjin, China. The associations between AD and blood parameters were assessed using multiple binary logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple covariates. Higher serum total cholesterol (TC) a...
Source: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition - January 11, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: Int J Food Sci Nutr Source Type: research
Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion
This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion
The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Development and Feasibility of a Pacific-Focused Community Weight Management Program
Obesity is a significant public health issue in New Zealand, where two thirds of adults are overweight or obese.1 In New Zealand, Pacific people have a greater burden of overweight and obesity than others; 90% of Pacific adults experience overweight and obesity.1 Pacific rates of ischemic heart disease, stroke, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure are all also markedly greater than for other New Zealanders.1
Source: Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior - April 29, 2019 Category: Nutrition Authors: Susan Pirrit, Vili Nosa, Jennifer Utter Tags: GEM No. XXX Source Type: research
