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Condition: Hyperactivity

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Total 310 results found since Jan 2013.

Transient ischemia-reperfusion induces cortical hyperactivity and AMPAR trafficking in the somatosensory cortex.
Abstract Brain ischemia results from cardiac arrest, stroke or head trauma. The structural basis of rescuing the synaptic impairment and cortical dysfunctions induced in the stage of ischemic-reperfusion can occur if therapeutic interventions are applied in time, but the functional basis for this resilience remains elusive. Here, we explore the changes in cortical activity and a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) GluA1 subunit in spine (sGluA1) after transient ischemia-reperfusion in vivo for 28 days. Using in vivo two-photon microscopy in the mouse somatosensory cortex, we found ...
Source: Aging - March 8, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li Y, Ding R, Wang F, Guo C, Liu A, Wei L, Yuan S, Chen F, Hou S, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Cudmore RH, Wang X, Shen H Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Academic outcome in pediatric ischemic stroke.
Abstract An important cause of acquired brain injury in children, pediatric ischemic stroke can cause sequelae across a wide range of cognitive domains, including verbal reasoning and processing speed. As a result, survivors are especially vulnerable to academic difficulties and face unique challenges compared to their peers. Despite this knowledge, pediatric stroke remains an understudied neurological condition, and its impact on school functioning poorly understood. The present clinical study addressed academic outcome in this population using a multifaceted approach. Patients were recruited for participation fr...
Source: Child Neuropsychology - January 8, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Champigny CM, Deotto A, Westmacott R, Dlamini N, Desrocher M Tags: Child Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Astrocyte-specific NDRG2 gene: functions in the brain and neurological diseases.
Abstract In recent years, the roles of astrocytes of the central nervous system in brain function and neurological disease have drawn increasing attention. As a member of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family, NDRG2 is principally expressed in astrocytes of the central nervous system. NDRG2, which is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, is commonly regarded as a tumor suppressor. In astrocytes, NDRG2 affects the regulation of apoptosis, astrogliosis, blood-brain barrier integrity, and glutamate clearance. Several preclinical studies have revealed that NDRG2 is implicated in the pathogene...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS - December 12, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Li X, Wu X, Luo P, Xiong L Tags: Cell Mol Life Sci Source Type: research

Psychostimulants/Atomoxetine and Serious Cardiovascular Events in Children with ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorder
ConclusionUsing large US claims data, we found no evidence of increased SCV risk in children and adolescents with ADHD or ASD exposed to ADHD medications.
Source: CNS Drugs - November 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The role of nutraceuticals in prevention and treatment of hypertension: An updated review of the literature
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2019Source: Food Research InternationalAuthor(s): Samad Ghaffari, Neda RoshanravanAbstractHypertension (HTN) is a worldwide epidemic in both developed and developing countries. It is one of the leading causes of major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and heart attack. In recent years, several studies have reported associations between specific dietary ingredients and improving HTN. Nutraceuticals are natural food components with pharmacological properties. Reports suggest that functional foods and nutraceutical ingredients might support patients to obtain...
Source: Food Research International - November 8, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research

A Novel Model of Mixed Vascular Dementia Incorporating Hypertension in a Rat Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mixed dementia (MxD) comprise the majority of dementia cases in the growing global aging population. MxD describes the coexistence of AD pathology with vascular pathology, including cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Cardiovascular disease increases risk for AD and MxD, but mechanistic synergisms between the coexisting pathologies affecting dementia risk, progression and the ultimate clinical manifestations remain elusive. To explore the additive or synergistic interactions between AD and chronic hypertension, we developed a rat model of MxD, produced by breeding APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenes i...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Modulators of platelet function in aging.
Authors: Iyer KS, Dayal S Abstract Platelets are small, anucleated effector cells that play an important role in linking the hemostatic and inflammatory processes in the body. Platelet function is known to be altered under various inflammatory conditions including aging. A gain in platelet function during aging can increase the risk of thrombotic events, such as stroke and acute myocardial infarction. Anti-platelet therapy is designed to reduce risk of serious cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events, but the adverse consequences of therapy, such as risk for bleeding increases with aging as well. Age-associated co...
Source: Platelets - September 18, 2019 Category: Hematology Tags: Platelets Source Type: research

Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the healthcare industry: A review
This study comprehensively reviews brain-impaired patients: The studies involving patient populations and the diseases discussed in more than 10 works are included. Eleven diseases examined in this paper include autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, depressive disorders, anxiety and panic disorder, schizophrenia, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. For each disease, the tasks used for examination, fNIRS variables, and significant findings on the impairment are discussed. The channel configurations and the regio...
Source: Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences - September 11, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Keum-Shik Hong M. Atif Yaqub Source Type: research

Efficacy of trazodone for treating paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity presenting after thalamic hemorrhage: A case report.
Authors: Morinaga Y, Nii K, Sakamoto K, Inoue R, Mitsutake T, Hanada H Abstract Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a clinical condition characterized by abnormal paroxysmal surges in sympathetic nervous system activity. PSH is known to occur after severe head injury and hypoxic encephalopathy. Cases of PSH that develop after stroke have been reported worldwide; however, PSH is not commonly reported in the field of stroke research in Japan. Some studies have suggested that gabapentin may improve the symptoms of PSH. To our knowledge, this is the first case report demonstrating the efficacy of trazodone fo...
Source: Drug Discoveries and Therapeutics - July 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Discov Ther Source Type: research

Altered Hippocampal –Prefrontal Dynamics Following Medial Prefrontal Stroke in Mouse
AbstractFrontal infarcts can produce cognitive impairments that affect an individual ’s ability to function in everyday life. However, the precise types of deficits, and their underlying mechanisms, are not well-understood. Here we used a prefrontal photothrombotic stroke model in C57BL/6J mice to characterise specific cognitive changes that occur in the 6  weeks post-stroke. Behavioural experiments were paired with in vivo electrophysiology to assess whether changes in oscillatory communication between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC) mirrored any observed behavioural changes. We found that mice in...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - July 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cholinergic nervous system and glaucoma: From basic science to clinical applications
Publication date: Available online 23 June 2019Source: Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchAuthor(s): Muneeb A. Faiq, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Kevin C. ChanAbstractThe cholinergic system has a crucial role to play in visual function. Although cholinergic drugs have been a focus of attention as glaucoma medications for reducing eye pressure, little is known about the potential modality for neuronal survival and/or enhancement in visual impairments. Citicoline, a naturally occurring compound and FDA approved dietary supplement, is a nootropic agent that is recently demonstrated to be effective in ameliorating ischemi...
Source: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research - June 25, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Consensus Paper: Experimental Neurostimulation of the Cerebellum.
We report on the most advanced techniques for manipulating cerebellar circuits in humans and animal models and define key hurdles and questions for moving forward. PMID: 31165428 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cerebellum - June 3, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Miterko LN, Baker KB, Beckinghausen J, Bradnam LV, Cheng MY, Cooperrider J, DeLong MR, Gornati SV, Hallett M, Heck DH, Hoebeek FE, Kouzani AZ, Kuo SH, Louis ED, Machado A, Manto M, McCambridge AB, Nitsche MA, Taib NOB, Popa T, Tanaka M, Timmann D, Steinbe Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Consensus Paper: Experimental Neurostimulation of the Cerebellum
We report on the most advanced techniques for manipulating cerebellar circuits in humans and animal models and define key hurdles and questions for moving forward.
Source: The Cerebellum - June 3, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Taurine and its analogs in neurological disorders: Focus on therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms
This article also addresses the neuropharmacological potential of taurine analogs.Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - May 22, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Longitudinal Academic Outcomes of Children with Secondary Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder following Pediatric Stroke
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Source: Developmental Neuropsychology - May 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Samantha D. Roberts Kyla P. McDonald Ashley Danguecan Jennifer Crosbie Robyn Westmacott Brendan Andrade Nomazulu Dlamini Tricia S. Williams Source Type: research