Is phenobarbital an effective treatment for alcohol withdrawal syndrome?
Alcohol use disorder is associated with a variety of complications, including alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS), which may occur in those who suddenly decrease or stop alcohol consumption. AWS is associated with a range of signs and symptoms, which are most commonly treated with GABAergic medications. (Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 8, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brit Long, Samuel M. Keim, Michael Gottlieb, Niels Rathlev Source Type: research
A quality of care assessment for women of childbearing potential with epilepsy in Bhutan: An observational study
CONCLUSIONS: Based on data about WWE participants' ASM, supplement, and substance use, our study identified the high use of first generation ASMs (including valproate), frequently in polytherapy, and betel nut use as treatment gaps in women of childbearing potential age with active epilepsy in Bhutan. To address these gaps for locations such as Bhutan, we propose modifications to the QUIET tool's "Chronic Epilepsy Care for Women" section.PMID:38704988 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109819 (Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour)
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - May 5, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Maya L Mastick Lhab Tshering Ugyen Dema Bikram Chhetri Chencho Dorji Damber K Nirola Puja Subedi Sonam Lhamo Kiran Diyali Sonam R Chodden Andrew S Ham Farrah J Mateen Bhutan Epilepsy Project Source Type: research
A quality of care assessment for women of childbearing potential with epilepsy in Bhutan: An observational study
CONCLUSIONS: Based on data about WWE participants' ASM, supplement, and substance use, our study identified the high use of first generation ASMs (including valproate), frequently in polytherapy, and betel nut use as treatment gaps in women of childbearing potential age with active epilepsy in Bhutan. To address these gaps for locations such as Bhutan, we propose modifications to the QUIET tool's "Chronic Epilepsy Care for Women" section.PMID:38704988 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109819 (Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour)
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - May 5, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Maya L Mastick Lhab Tshering Ugyen Dema Bikram Chhetri Chencho Dorji Damber K Nirola Puja Subedi Sonam Lhamo Kiran Diyali Sonam R Chodden Andrew S Ham Farrah J Mateen Bhutan Epilepsy Project Source Type: research
Anticonvulsant toxicity
Anticonvulsant medications are used in the treatment of epilepsy as neuropathic pain, migraine and psychiatric illness. Anticonvulsants suppress neuronal excitation to reduce the likelihood of seizure activity. Generally, management is supportive, with correction of physiological and metabolic parameters. Drug concentrations can help guide specific treatments such as l-carnitine (for valproate) and multiple-dose activated charcoal (for carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital). Extracorporeal treatmen ts can be used to enhance elimination. (Source: Medicine)
Source: Medicine - April 27, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Laurence A. Gray Tags: Poisonous substances Source Type: research
Evaluation of anti-seizure medications and their serum concentration with regard to cardiovascular risk parameters: A cross-sectional study
CONCLUSION: In our study, the majority of patients were children and adolescents. Regular monitoring of drug serum concentrations and metabolic parameters may be useful to select the safest drug in terms of cardiovascular disease risk. Randomized controlled trials on the long-term effects of anti-seizure treatment are needed.PMID:38657483 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109802 (Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour)
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - April 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Merve Becit-Kizilkaya Seyma Oncu Halit Bugra Koca Dilek Cavusoglu Source Type: research
Evaluation of anti-seizure medications and their serum concentration with regard to cardiovascular risk parameters: A cross-sectional study
CONCLUSION: In our study, the majority of patients were children and adolescents. Regular monitoring of drug serum concentrations and metabolic parameters may be useful to select the safest drug in terms of cardiovascular disease risk. Randomized controlled trials on the long-term effects of anti-seizure treatment are needed.PMID:38657483 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109802 (Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour)
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - April 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Merve Becit-Kizilkaya Seyma Oncu Halit Bugra Koca Dilek Cavusoglu Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1951: Synthesis, In Vivo Anticonvulsant Activity Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Some Quinazolin-4(3H)-one Derivatives
ase
Ovidiu Oniga
Two series, “a” and “b”, each consisting of nine chemical compounds, with 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold, were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. They were investigated as dual potential positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site and inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase II. Quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives were evaluated in vivo (D1–3 = 50, 100, 150 mg/kg, administered intraperitoneally) using the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model in mi...
Source: Molecules - April 24, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Raluca Pele Gabriel Marc Cristina Mogo șan Anamaria Apan Ioana Ionu ț Br îndușa Tiperciuc Cristina Moldovan C ătălin Araniciu Ilioara Oniga Adrian P îrnău Laurian Vlase Ovidiu Oniga Tags: Article Source Type: research
Clinical-functional correlation with brain volumetry in severe perinatal asphyxia: a case report
ConclusionsSlight changes in the basal ganglia and cerebellum require 3D volumetry for detection, as standard MRI examinations cannot fully reveal their complex shape variations. Quantifying these subtle neurodevelopmental changes helps in understanding their clinical implications. Besides, neurophysiological evaluations can boost neuroplasticity in children with neurological sequelae by stimulating new neuronal connections. (Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - April 9, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Comparison of the effect of phenobarbital & levetiracetam in the treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) as adjuvant treatment in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized clinical trial
Infants who are born from mothers with substance use disorder might suffer from neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and need treatment with medicines. One of these medicines is phenobarbital, which may cause si... (Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth)
Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - April 5, 2024 Category: OBGYN Authors: Zahra Jamali, Mohammad Hosein Molaei-Farsangi, Habibeh Ahmadipour, Bahareh Bahmanbijari, Fatemeh Sabzevari and Zahra Daei Parizi Tags: Research Source Type: research
"Should We Phenobarb-it-All?" A Phenobarbital-Based Protocol for Non-Intensive Care Unit Trauma Patients at High Risk of or Experiencing Alcohol Withdrawal
The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a phenobarbital-based protocol for the treatment of AWS in non-intensive care unit (ICU) trauma patients.METHODS: Adult non-ICU trauma patients at high risk of or experiencing AWS PRE and POST implementation of a phenobarbital-based protocol were included. Outcomes were AWS-related complications (AWS-RC), benzodiazepine use, adjunctive medication use, hospital length of stay (HLOS), and medication-related AEs. Subgroup analyses were performed on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), rib fractures, and at high risk of severe AWS.RESULTS: Overall, 110 patien...
Source: The American Surgeon - April 4, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Michelle Wang Carolyne Falank Vincent Simboli Julianne B Ontengco Brandi Spurling Joseph Rappold Bruce Chung Kathryn E Smith Source Type: research
Early life phenobarbital exposure dysregulates the hippocampal transcriptome
Discussion: The widespread change in gene expression after PB, which affected transcripts reflective of multiple cell types, may provide a link between acute drug administration and lasting drug toxicity. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Conventional Domestic Swine Using N-Diethylnitrosamine and Phenobarbital
(Source: Cancer Management and Research)
Source: Cancer Management and Research - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cancer Management and Research Source Type: research
The Effect of Levetiracetam Compared with Enzyme-Inducing Antiseizure Medications on Apixaban and Rivaroxaban Peak Plasma Concentrations
ConclusionsIn this study, we show that unlike EI-ASMs, LEV clinical use was not significantly associated with lower apixabanCmax and was similar to that in patients not treated with any ASM. Our findings suggest that the combination of LEV with apixaban and rivaroxaban may not be associated with decreased apixaban and rivaroxabanCmax. Therefore, prospective controlled studies are required to examine the possible non-pharmacokinetic mechanism of the effect of the LEV-apixaban or LEV-rivaroxaban combination on patients ’ outcomes. (Source: CNS Drugs)
Source: CNS Drugs - March 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Corresponding Pharmacotherapy Approaches from 2 University-affiliated Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Puerto Rico (2018-2020)
CONCLUSION: Further research on the incidence of NAS in PR (national level) is needed for a deeper understanding that we hope will lead to the development of enhanced treatment protocols in PR.PMID:38512758 (Source: Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal)
Source: Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal - March 21, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Pamela Morales Laura Santiago Jessica Rosario Lourdes Garcia-Fragoso Jorge Duconge Naidy Perez Darlene Santiago Source Type: research
