Cancer Cell Nanotubes Hijack Mitochondria from Immune Sentinels
The mitochondria stolen via these tiny connections give tumor cells a metabolic boost while the T cells are left weakened, according to in vitro experiments. (Source: The Scientist)
Source: The Scientist - November 30, 2021 Category: Science Tags: News & Opinion Source Type: news
UK launches trial of drug to tackle fatigue in long Covid patients
AXA1125 targets cell power plants that may be dysfunctional in long Covid patients with severe fatigueCoronavirus – latest updatesSee all our coronavirus coverageThe first trial of a drug to target the fatigue and muscle weakness experienced by more than half of people with long Covid has been launched in the UK. It is also the first drug trial in long Covid patients who were not hospitalised during their initial infection.The drug, called AXA1125, targets cellular power plants called mitochondria, which it is thought could be dysfunctional in the subset oflong Covid patients with severe fatigue. If successful, it could ...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - November 3, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Linda Geddes Science correspondent Tags: Long Covid Health Society Coronavirus Infectious diseases Medical research Science UK news ME / Chronic fatigue syndrome Source Type: news
Mitochondrial DNA and exercise: implications for health and injuries in sports - Zanini G, De Gaetano A, Selleri V, Savino G, Cossarizza A, Pinti M, Mattioli AV, Nasi M.
Recently, several studies have highlighted the tight connection between mitochondria and physical activity. Mitochondrial functions are important in high-demanding metabolic activities, such as endurance sports. Moreover, regular training positively affect... (Source: SafetyLit)
Source: SafetyLit - October 27, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiology Source Type: news
Flagship Pioneering spinout thinks it has a treatment for 'long Covid'
In a near-first for the biotech industry, Axcella Therapeutics Inc. is launching a clinical study investigating a new drug to treat "long Covid," a long-lasting version of the once-novel respiratory illness that is still little understood.
Axcella (Nasdaq: AXLA) is teaming up with Oxford University on a Phase 2 trial testing out a drug that targets the mitochondria, which is linked to chronic fatigue when dysregulated or damaged. Severe fatigue is one of the hallmark symptoms of long Covid and one… (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines)
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines - October 26, 2021 Category: American Health Authors: Rowan Walrath Source Type: news
A genome-wide screen uncovers multiple roles for mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase D in inflammasome activation
Noncanonical inflammasome activation by cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a critical component of the host response to Gram-negative bacteria. Cytosolic LPS recognition in macrophages is preceded by a Toll-like receptor (TLR) priming signal required to induce transcription of inflammasome components and facilitate the metabolic reprograming that fuels the inflammatory response. Using a genome-scale arrayed siRNA screen to find inflammasome regulators in mouse macrophages, we identified the mitochondrial enzyme nucleoside diphosphate kinase D (NDPK-D) as a regulator of both noncanonical and canonical inflammasomes. NDPK...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - August 3, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Ernst, O., Sun, J., Lin, B., Banoth, B., Dorrington, M. G., Liang, J., Schwarz, B., Stromberg, K. A., Katz, S., Vayttaden, S. J., Bradfield, C. J., Slepushkina, N., Rice, C. M., Buehler, E., Khillan, J. S., McVicar, D. W., Bosio, C. M., Bryant, C. E., Sut Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
How cells control mitochondria
(University of Freiburg) Freiburg researchers discover a signaling protein that controls the assembly of human cellular " power plants " (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - July 19, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Powerhouse of the cell has self-preservation mechanism
(Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) Mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, convert sustenance into energy, fueling the cell's activities. In addition to power, mitochondria also produce reactive oxygen species, byproduct molecules primed to help facilitate communication among the other units in the cells. But when produced too abundantly, they damage DNA and render some cellular components dysfunctional. Now, an international research team has revealed how mitochondria keep their reactive oxygen species production in check. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 9, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
How an unfolding protein can induce programmed cell death
(University of Groningen) The death of cells is well regulated. If it occurs too much, it can cause degenerative diseases. Too little, and cells can become tumours. Mitochondria, the power plants of cells, play a role in this programmed cell death. Scientists from the University of Groningen (the Netherlands) and the University of Pittsburgh (U.S.) have obtained new insights in how mitochondria receive the signal to self-destruct. Their results were published in the Journal of Molecular Biology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 6, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Methylglyoxal detoxification deficits causes schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities
(Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science) We generated a mouse model for a subgroup of schizophrenia patients by feeding Glo1 knockout mice VB6-deficent diets (KO/VB6(-)). We found that the KO/VB6(-) mice accumulated methylglyoxal (MG) in the brain and showed schizophrenia-like behavioral impairments. Furthermore, we found aberrant gene expression related to mitochondria function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the KO/VB6(-) mice. Finally, we demonstrated abnormal mitochondrial respiratory function and enhanced oxidative stress in the PFC of KO/VB6(-) mice. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 2, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Researchers identify muscle proteins whose quantity is reduced in type 2 diabetes
(University of Helsinki) A study conducted by the University of Helsinki, the Helsinki University Hospital and the Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research shows that the concentration of mitochondrial muscle proteins already decreases markedly in prediabetes. The new finding confirms the significance of muscle mitochondria in the development of type 2 diabetes. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - June 29, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Novel lncRNA, Caren, counteracts heart failure progression
(Kumamoto University) Researchers have identified a novel lncRNA, Caren, that is abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes. It enhances energy production by increasing mitochondria in cardiomyocytes, and inhibits activation of the DNA damage response protein ATM, resulting in improvement of cardiac dysfunction. Caren RNA in cardiomyocytes is reduced by aging and hypertension, which can lead to heart failure, and markedly reduced in the hearts of heart failure patients. Caren activation could lead to new heart failure therapies. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 23, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Leaving the damage behind
A mechanism by which migrating cells shed defective mitochondria is identified. (Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment)
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - June 22, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Wong, W. Tags: STKE Editors ' Choice Source Type: news
Universal mechanism of regulation in plant cells discovered
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f ü r Materialien und Energie) This involves the DYW deaminase domain of what is referred to as the RNA editosome. The DYW domain alters messenger RNA nucleotides in chloroplasts and mitochondria and contains a zinc ion whose activity is controlled by a very unusual mechanism. The team has now described this mechanism in detail for the first time. Their study is considered a breakthrough in the field of plant molecular biology and has far-reaching implications for bioengineering. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - June 21, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Aging impairs anti-tumor T-cell response via mitochondria dysfunction
(Medical University of South Carolina) MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researchers are finding solutions to the aging-related changes that reduce anti-cancer immunity. Their work, published in Cell Reports, sheds light on an important pathway that cannot be ignored during cancer treatment. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - June 3, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Modulating rapamycin target protein promotes autophagy, lowering toxic Huntingtin protein
(Buck Institute for Research on Aging) Recent failed clinical trials of a drug designed to clear the mutant Huntingtin protein that causes Huntington's disease (HD) heightens the need for new approaches for the devastating, incurable, progressive neurodegenerative genetic disorder. Scientists at the Buck Institute have found that the targeting the protein called FK506-binding protein 51 or FKBP51 promotes the clearing of those toxic proteins via autophagy, a natural process whereby cells recycle damaged proteins and mitochondria and use them for nutrition. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 1, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
