Phytochemical analysis and anticancer effect of Camellia oleifera bud ethanol extract in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells
Camellia oleifera is a medicine food homology plant widely cultivated in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China due to its camellia oil. Camellia oleifera bud and fruit exist simultaneously, and its bud is largely discarded as waste. However, C. oleifera bud has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of ailments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the chemical components of C. oleifera bud ethanol extract (EE) and first evaluate its anticancer effects in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS analysis, seventy components were identified. For anticancer act...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Role of Astrocytic Mitochondria in the Pathogenesis of Brain Ischemia
AbstractThe morbidity rate of ischemic stroke is increasing annually with the growing aging population in China. Astrocytes are ubiquitous glial cells in the brain and play a crucial role in supporting neuronal function and metabolism. Increasing evidence shows that the impairment or loss of astrocytes contributes to neuronal dysfunction during cerebral ischemic injury. The mitochondrion is increasingly recognized as a key player in regulating astrocyte function. Changes in astrocytic mitochondrial function appear to be closely linked to the homeostasis imbalance defects in glutamate metabolism, Ca2+ regulation, fatty acid...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Involvement of DJ-1 in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration via hexokinase 2-mediated mitophagy
This study aimed to clarify the role of DJ-1 in regulating mitophagy during IDD pathogenesis. Here, we showed that the mitochondrial localization of DJ-1 in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) first increased and then decreased in response to oxidative stress. Subsequently, loss- and gain-of-function experiments revealed that overexpression of DJ-1 in NPCs inhibited oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, whereas knockdown of DJ-1 had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, mitochondrial translocation of DJ-1 promoted the recruitment of hexokinase 2 (HK2) to damaged mitochondria by ...
Source: Molecular Medicine - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jialiang Lin Longjie Wang Yuhao Wu Qian Xiang Yongzhao Zhao Xuanqi Zheng Shuai Jiang Zhuoran Sun Dongwei Fan Weishi Li Source Type: research

Humanin inhibits lymphatic endothelial cells dysfunction to alleviate myocardial infarction-reperfusion injury via BNIP3-mediated mitophagy
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, HN alleviates myocardial infarction-reperfusion injury by inhibiting lymphatic endothelial cells dysfunction, primarily through BNIP3-mediated mitophagy.PMID:38535980 | DOI:10.1080/10715762.2024.2333074 (Source: Free Radical Research)
Source: Free Radical Research - March 27, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Lu Chen Xiaohua Yang Kai Wang Lina Guo Cao Zou Source Type: research

Assessing the interaction effects of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms and lifestyle on heel bone mineral density
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests the candidate interaction between mitochondria and lifestyles on heel BMD, providing novel clues for exploring the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.PMID:38536958 | DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgae195 (Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 27, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Dan He Huan Liu Yijing Zhao Wenming Wei Qingqing Cai Sirong Shi Xiaoge Chu Na Zhang Xiaoyue Qin Yumeng Jia Yan Wen Bolun Cheng Feng Zhang Source Type: research

TNF receptor-2 signals clear-cell renal carcinoma proliferation via phosphorylated-4EBP1 and mitochondrial gene translation
In this study, phosphorylated-4EBP1 serine 65 (pSer65-4EBP1) is identified as a downstream target of this TNFR2 signalling pathway. pSer65-4EBP1 expression is significantly elevated relative to total 4EBP1 in ccRCC tissue compared to normal kidneys, signal intensity increasing with malignant grade. Selective ligation of TNFR2 with the mutein R2TNF increases pSer65-4EBP1 expression in organ cultures that co-localises with internalised TNFR2 in mitochondria and increases expression of mitochondrially-encoded COX (cytochrome c oxidase subunit) Cox1, as well as nuclear-encoded Cox4/5b subunits. Pharmacological inhibition of mT...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - March 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Rafia S Al-Lamki Aviva M Tolkovsky Mohammad Alawwami WanHua Lu Sarah F Field Jun Wang Jordan S Pober John R Bradley Source Type: research

TNF receptor-2 signals clear-cell renal carcinoma proliferation via phosphorylated-4EBP1 and mitochondrial gene translation
In this study, phosphorylated-4EBP1 serine 65 (pSer65-4EBP1) is identified as a downstream target of this TNFR2 signalling pathway. pSer65-4EBP1 expression is significantly elevated relative to total 4EBP1 in ccRCC tissue compared to normal kidneys, signal intensity increasing with malignant grade. Selective ligation of TNFR2 with the mutein R2TNF increases pSer65-4EBP1 expression in organ cultures that co-localises with internalised TNFR2 in mitochondria and increases expression of mitochondrially-encoded COX (cytochrome c oxidase subunit) Cox1, as well as nuclear-encoded Cox4/5b subunits. Pharmacological inhibition of mT...
Source: Am J Pathol - March 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Rafia S Al-Lamki Aviva M Tolkovsky Mohammad Alawwami WanHua Lu Sarah F Field Jun Wang Jordan S Pober John R Bradley Source Type: research

Phloretic acid requires the insulin/IGF-1 pathway and autophagy to enhance stress resistance and extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans
Conclusion: These findings results highlight the promising anti-aging effects of PA and warrant further investigation into its pharmacological mechanism and medicinal development prospects. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Antibacterial Activity of Plants in Cirsium: A Comprehensive Review
AbstractAs ethnic medicine, the whole grass of plants inCirsium was used as antimicrobial. This review focuses on the antimicrobial activity of plants inCirsium, including antimicrobial components, against different types of microbes and bacteriostatic mechanism. The results showed that the main antimicrobial activity components inCirsium plants were flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenolic acids, and the antimicrobial ability varied according to the species and the content of chemicals. Among them, phenolic acids showed a strong antibacterial ability againstAcinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEnterococcus fa...
Source: Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine - March 27, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Involvement of DJ-1 in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration via hexokinase 2-mediated mitophagy
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Published online: 27 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s12276-024-01196-0Low back pain, often due to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD - a condition where the disks in the spine break down), is a common global health problem. Current treatments mainly aim at pain relief and surgery, but effective methods to slow or reverse the degeneration are lacking. This research, led by Jialiang Lin and team, investigates the role of a protein, DJ-1, in protecting nucleus pulposus cells. They conducted experiments with NPCs and discovered that DJ-1 can shield these cells from damage caused by oxidative ...
Source: Experimental and Molecular Medicine - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jialiang Lin Longjie Wang Yuhao Wu Qian Xiang Yongzhao Zhao Xuanqi Zheng Shuai Jiang Zhuoran Sun Dongwei Fan Weishi Li Source Type: research

Genes, Vol. 15, Pages 419: Genotypic and Allelic Distribution of the CD36 rs1761667 Polymorphism in High-Level Moroccan Athletes: A Pilot Study
ioui Hassane Zouhal Previous studies have shown that variations in the CD36 gene may affect phenotypes associated with fat metabolism as the CD36 protein facilitates the transport of fatty acids to the mitochondria for oxidation. However, no previous study has tested whether variations in the CD36 gene are associated with sports performance. We investigated the genotypic and allelic distribution of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1761667 in the CD36 gene in elite Moroccan athletes (cyclists and hockey players) in comparison with healthy non-athletes of the same ethnic origin. Forty-three Moroccan elite mal...
Source: Genes - March 27, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: El Mokhtar El Ouali Jihan Kartibou Juan Del Coso Badreddine El Makhzen Laila Bouguenouch Sanae El Harane Bouchra Taib Katja Weiss Beat Knechtle Abdelhalem Mesfioui Hassane Zouhal Tags: Article Source Type: research

Ischemia-inhibited ferric chelate reductase 1 improves ferroptosis-mediated intestinal ischemia injury via Hippo signaling
In conclusion, this study demonstrates that FRRS1 is intimately involved in the inhibition of ferroptosis and thus protection of the intestine from intestinal ischemia injury, its downstream mechanism was related to Hippo signaling. These data provide new sight for the prevention and treatment of intestinal ischemia injury.PMID:38531200 | DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111900 (Source: International Immunopharmacology)
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Pengzhen Liang Wei Xie Xing Wang Zhaohui Du Chuanming Zheng Hongchang Zhao Zhenjie Wang Zhong Ji Source Type: research

Mitophagy modulation for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
CONCLUSIONS: Despite previous efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitophagy activation in response to stress are not fully characterized. A comprehensive understanding of different forms of mitophagy active in the cardiovascular system is extremely important for the development of new drugs targeting this process. Human studies evaluating mitophagy abnormalities in patients at high cardiovascular risk also represent a future challenge.PMID:38530070 | DOI:10.1111/eci.14199 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Maurizio Forte Luca D'Ambrosio Gabriele G Schiattarella Nadia Salerno Marco Alfonso Perrone Francesco S Loffredo Edoardo Bertero Kalliopi Pilichou Girolamo Manno Valentina Valenti Luigi Spadafora Marco Bernardi Beatrice Simeone Gianmarco Sarto Giacomo Fra Source Type: research

GSE262105 Semaglutide ameliorates cardiac remodeling by optimizing energy substrate utilization and through the Creb5/NR4a1 axis in male mice
Contributors : Yu-Lan Ma ; Chun-Yan Kong ; Zhen Guo ; Qi-Zhu TangSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusSemaglutide (Sema) is a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist that is used clinically as a hypoglycemic and bariatric agent, as it regulates the energy metabolic process. In heart failure, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation substrates are altered, glycolysis is increased, and intracellular energy production is decreased. However, the responsiveness of Sema-regulated energy metabolism to the metabolic environment of cardiomyocytes stimulated by pre...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - March 26, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

Sex-specific colonic mitochondrial dysfunction in the indomethacin-induced rat model of inflammatory bowel disease
Conclusion: Our study provides a better understanding of the role mitochondria in the development of IBD and highlights sex differences in colon mitochondrial function. It also opens an avenue for the development of strategies to re-establish normal mitochondrial function that could provide more options for preventive and therapeutic interventions for IBD. (Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 26, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research