Orpheus ’ Descent Into the Neurointensive Care Unit
This Arts and Medicine essay describes a 2014 staging of the operaOrph ée et Eurydice , directed by Romeo Castellucci, in which Eurydice ’s residence in the Underworld is represented by a patient with locked-in syndrome from a vertebrobasilar stroke. (Source: JAMA)
Source: JAMA - January 23, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Global structural integrity and effective connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness
Conclusion We here demonstrated that effective connectivity correlates with structural integrity in brain-injured patients. Increased structural damage level decreases effective connectivity, which could prevent the emergence of consciousness. (Source: Brain Stimulation)
Source: Brain Stimulation - November 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Unexpected recovery from a vegetative state or misdiagnosis? Lesson learned from a case report.
DISCUSSION: Approaches investigating brain connectivity may be useful in DOC diagnosis and prognosis, highlighting residual brain networks subtending covert awareness. Hence, our case supports the necessity of taking into account FLIS diagnosis in DOC differential diagnosis and implementing paraclinical follow-up to intercept cases of possible, late recovery of consciousness, thus optimizing the most appropriate management and rehabilitative setting.
PMID: 28946586 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: NeuroRehabilitation)
Source: NeuroRehabilitation - September 29, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: NeuroRehabilitation Source Type: research
Assessment of needs, psychological impact and quality of life in families of patients with locked-in syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Receiving accurate medical information is the most important need for family of patients with LIS and their quality of life is correlated with the fulfilment of their needs.
PMID: 28837360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Brain Injury)
Source: Brain Injury - August 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research
Comprehensive, technology- based, team approach for a patient with locked-in syndrome: A case report of improved function & quality of life.
Comprehensive, technology- based, team approach for a patient with locked-in syndrome: A case report of improved function & quality of life.
Assist Technol. 2017 Jul 27;:
Authors: McNair K, Lutjen M, Langhamer K, Nieves J, Hreha K
PMID: 28750192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Assistive Technology)
Source: Assistive Technology - July 29, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: Assist Technol Source Type: research
Dramatic rebounds of MS during pregnancy following fingolimod withdrawal
We report 2 cases of severe clinical rebound after fingolimod suspension occurring in 2 patients following pregnancy. Clinical rebound was defined as the occurrence of new severe neurologic symptoms together with a significant increase of new or enlarging T2-weighted or gadolinium-enhancing T1-weighted lesions exceeding baseline activity, on treatment discontinuation.4 The first patient was diagnosed with MS in 2005. In the subsequent 3 years, she experienced several relapses and progressive increase of MRI lesion load despite the sequential introduction of weekly interferon-β1a, thrice weekly interferon-β1a and ...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - July 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Novi, G., Ghezzi, A., Pizzorno, M., Lapucci, C., Bandini, F., Annovazzi, P., Mancardi, G. L., Uccelli, A. Tags: Multiple sclerosis Clinical/Scientific Notes Source Type: research
Reverse Locked-In Syndrome
ConclusionsSince the patient ’s deficits were the exact opposite of those described in locked-in syndrome, we propose the term “reverse locked-in syndrome” to describe this neurological entity characterized by bilateral ptosis, non-reactive pupils, and ophthalmoplegia with preservation of consciousness and extremity motor function. (Source: Neurocritical Care)
Source: Neurocritical Care - July 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Effects on Quality of Life in Patients with Locked-in Syndrome and Their Caregivers
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the augmentative and alternative communication system on anxiety and depression performances and the quality of life (QoL) of patients who have the locked-in syndrome (LIS) and that of their caregivers. (Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases)
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Francesco Corallo, Lilla Bonanno, Viviana Lo Buono, Simona De Salvo, Carmela Rifici, Patrizia Pollicino, Cettina Allone, Rosanna Palmeri, Antonino Todaro, Antonella Alagna, Alessia Bramanti, Placido Bramanti, Silvia Marino Source Type: research
Decoding Saccadic Directions Using Epidural ECoG in Non-Human Primates.
Abstract
A brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to restore some communication as an alternative interface for patients suffering from locked-in syndrome. However, most BCI systems are based on SSVEP, P300, or motor imagery, and a diversity of BCI protocols would be needed for various types of patients. In this paper, we trained the choice saccade (CS) task in 2 non-human primate monkeys and recorded the brain signal using an epidural electrocorticogram (eECoG) to predict eye movement direction. We successfully predicted the direction of the upcoming eye movement using a support vector machine (SVM) w...
Source: J Korean Med Sci - July 1, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lee J, Choi H, Lee S, Cho BH, Ahn KH, Kim IY, Lee KM, Jang DP Tags: J Korean Med Sci Source Type: research
Probing consciousness in a sensory-disconnected paralyzed patient.
CONCLUSION: This approach illustrates the potential importance of functional brain-imaging data to improve diagnosis of consciousness and of cognitive abilities in critical situations in which the behavioral channel is compromised such as deafferented locked-in syndrome.
PMID: 28657353 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Brain Injury)
Source: Brain Injury - June 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research
Brain networks predict metabolism, diagnosis and prognosis at the bedside in disorders of consciousness
AbstractRecent advances in functional neuroimaging have demonstrated novel potential for informing diagnosis and prognosis in the unresponsive wakeful syndrome and minimally conscious states. However, these technologies come with considerable expense and difficulty, limiting the possibility of wider clinical application in patients. Here, we show that high density electroencephalography, collected from 104 patients measured at rest, can provide valuable information about brain connectivity that correlates with behaviour and functional neuroimaging. Using graph theory, we visualize and quantify spectral connectivity estimat...
Source: Brain - June 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Roald Dahl and the complete locked-in syndrome: “Cold dead body, living brain”
The classical locked-in syndrome in which partially preserved eye movements allow for communication is well-recognized by most neurologists. Yet, it is much less well-known that patients exist who are clearly conscious but have lost all means of communicating it to the outside world because they no longer have any motor output at all. Of note, Roald Dahl, the internationally acclaimed children book author, described this complete locked-in syndrome in one of his short stories, William and Mary (1959), almost half a century before the medical community became aware of this devastating condition. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences)
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - June 21, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel Kondziella Tags: Clinical Short Communication Source Type: research
BCIs Are Not ‘Mind-Readers’
As speech-language pathologists and researchers in the brain-computer interface (BCI) field, we were disappointed to see BCI systems referred to as “‘mind-reading’ machines” on the ASHA Leader Blog (“Scientists Unveil New Communication Device for ‘Locked-In’ Patients, ” Feb. 8, 2017). BCIs offer a potential new communication access method for people with locked-in syndrome and other severe speech and physical impairments, but they do not read users’ minds or private thoughts. In fact, operating a BCI-based communication system is much like controlling a speec h-generating device with a switch or joystick....
Source: The ASHA Leader Online - May 1, 2017 Category: Speech Therapy Source Type: research
Withdrawal of invasive ventilation in a patient with motor neurone disease and total locked-in syndrome.
We describe a man with motor neurone disease who also had total locked-in syndrome at the time of ventilation withdrawal, and we document the legal, ethical, emotional and symptom control issues encountered in supporting him.
PMID: 28428229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Practical Neurology)
Source: Practical Neurology - April 20, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Gleeson A, Johnson F Tags: Pract Neurol Source Type: research
Acute Psychosis as Main Manifestation of Central Pontine Myelinolysis (P6.205)
Conclusions:This case shows that acute psychosis could present as the sole manifestation of CPM, especially in early stages of the process, which should be taken into consideration when assessing patients with acute hyponatremia.Disclosure: Dr. Gopal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Parasram has nothing to disclose. Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ilorah has nothing to disclose. Dr. Reddy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nersesyan has nothing to disclose. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Gopal, M., Parasram, M., Patel, H., Ilorah, C., Reddy, D., Nersesyan, H. Tags: Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology: Emotion/Behavior Source Type: research
