Analysis of codon usage bias of exonuclease genes in invertebrate iridescent viruses
In this study, we analyzed the CUB in 10 invertebrate iridescent viruses exonuclease genes by calculating and comparing the nucleotide contents, effective number of codons (ENC), codon adaptation index (CAI), relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), and others. The results revealed that IIVs exonuclease genes are rich in A/T. The ENC analysis displayed a low codon usage bias in IIVs exonuclease genes. ENC-plot, neutrality plot, and parity rule 2 plot demonstrated that besides mutational pressure, other factors like natural selection, dinucleotide content, and aromaticity also contributed to CUB. The findings could enhance o...
Source: Virology - February 25, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Ye şim Aktürk Dizman Source Type: research
Analysis of codon usage bias of exonuclease genes in invertebrate iridescent viruses
In this study, we analyzed the CUB in 10 invertebrate iridescent viruses exonuclease genes by calculating and comparing the nucleotide contents, effective number of codons (ENC), codon adaptation index (CAI), relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), and others. The results revealed that IIVs exonuclease genes are rich in A/T. The ENC analysis displayed a low codon usage bias in IIVs exonuclease genes. ENC-plot, neutrality plot, and parity rule 2 plot demonstrated that besides mutational pressure, other factors like natural selection, dinucleotide content, and aromaticity also contributed to CUB. The findings could enhance o...
Source: Virology - February 25, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Ye şim Aktürk Dizman Source Type: research
Analysis of codon usage bias of exonuclease genes in invertebrate iridescent viruses
In this study, we analyzed the CUB in 10 invertebrate iridescent viruses exonuclease genes by calculating and comparing the nucleotide contents, effective number of codons (ENC), codon adaptation index (CAI), relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), and others. The results revealed that IIVs exonuclease genes are rich in A/T. The ENC analysis displayed a low codon usage bias in IIVs exonuclease genes. ENC-plot, neutrality plot, and parity rule 2 plot demonstrated that besides mutational pressure, other factors like natural selection, dinucleotide content, and aromaticity also contributed to CUB. The findings could enhance o...
Source: Virology - February 25, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Ye şim Aktürk Dizman Source Type: research
Effect of Enteromorpha polysaccharides on gut-lung axis in mice infected with H5N1 influenza virus
Virology. 2024 Feb 17;593:110031. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110031. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEnteromorpha polysaccharides (EPPs) have been reported to have antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. To explore the effect of EPPs on H5N1-infected mice, mice were pretreated with EPPs before being infected with the H5N1 influenza virus intranasally. H5N1 infection resulted in body-weight loss, pulmonary and intestinal damage, and an imbalance of gut microbiota in mice. As a result of the inclusion of EPPs, the body weight of mice recovered and pathological damage to the lung and intestine was reduced. EPPs also diminish...
Source: Virology - February 24, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yanyi Huang Peiyang Zhang Shuyi Han Bin Hu Qingxun Zhang Hongxuan He Source Type: research
Identification of several African swine fever virus replication inhibitors by screening of a library of FDA-approved drugs
Virology. 2024 Feb 14;593:110014. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfrican swine fever (ASF) caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly infectious and lethal swine disease. Currently, there is only one novel approved vaccine and no antiviral drugs for ASFV. In the study, a high-throughput screening of an FDA-approved drug library was performed to identify several drugs against ASFV infection in primary porcine alveolar macrophages. Triapine and cytarabine hydrochloride were identified as ASFV infection inhibitors in a dose-dependent manner. The two drugs executed their antiviral a...
Source: Virology - February 24, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Tingting Li Jun Zheng Tao Huang Xiao Wang Jiangnan Li Feng Jin Wenjuan Wei Xin Chen Chuanxia Liu Miaofei Bao Gaihong Zhao Li Huang Dongming Zhao Jianxin Chen Zhigao Bu Changjiang Weng Source Type: research
Development and application of sugarcane streak mosaic virus vectors
In this study, we successfully constructed Agrobacterium infiltration based infectious clone of SCSMV with different variants. Infectious clones of wild type SCSMV could efficiently infect Nicotiana benthamiana and sugarcane plants resulting in streak and mosaic symptoms on systemic leaves which were further confirmed with RT-PCR and serological assays. SCSMV variants of less adenylation displayed attenuated pathogenicity on N.benthamiana. SCSMV-based recombinant heterologous EGFP protein vector was also developed. The EGFP-tagged recombinant SCSMV could highly expressed in vegetative organs including roots. These infectio...
Source: Virology - February 23, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yuteng Yin Duan Wang Hongwei Wang Yanwei Sun Cece Yin Jie Li Jian Ye Source Type: research
Development and application of sugarcane streak mosaic virus vectors
In this study, we successfully constructed Agrobacterium infiltration based infectious clone of SCSMV with different variants. Infectious clones of wild type SCSMV could efficiently infect Nicotiana benthamiana and sugarcane plants resulting in streak and mosaic symptoms on systemic leaves which were further confirmed with RT-PCR and serological assays. SCSMV variants of less adenylation displayed attenuated pathogenicity on N.benthamiana. SCSMV-based recombinant heterologous EGFP protein vector was also developed. The EGFP-tagged recombinant SCSMV could highly expressed in vegetative organs including roots. These infectio...
Source: Virology - February 23, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yuteng Yin Duan Wang Hongwei Wang Yanwei Sun Cece Yin Jie Li Jian Ye Source Type: research
Emerging challenges in the management of Orthotospoviruses in Indian agriculture
Virology. 2024 Feb 15;593:110029. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110029. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOrthotospoviruses, a genera of negative-sense ssRNA viruses transmitted by thrips, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their detrimental impact on diverse crops, causing substantial economic losses and posing threats to food security. Orthotospoviruses are characterised by a wide range of symptoms in plants, including chlorotic/necrotic spots, vein banding, and fruit deformation. Seven species, including four definite and three tentative species in the genus Orthotospovirus, have so far been documented on ...
Source: Virology - February 21, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: R K Mohana Pradeep V Rakesh N Boopathi M Siva S Kousalya K Nagendran G Karthikeyan Source Type: research
Determination of the three-dimensional structure of bacteriophage Mu(-) tail fiber and its characterization
In this study, we have determined the structure of the alternative tail fiber subunit, gp52, and compared it with other tail fibers. The results revealed that Mu phage employs different structural motifs for two individual tail fibers for recognizing different hosts.PMID:38382161 | DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2024.110017 (Source: Virology)
Source: Virology - February 21, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yukina Mori Eiki Yamashita Atsushi Nakagawa Tomoki Matsuzawa Minoru Inagaki Yoshifumi Aiba Syu Tanaka Syunya Hatori Maeda Ayami Shigeki Takeda Source Type: research
Emerging challenges in the management of Orthotospoviruses in Indian agriculture
Virology. 2024 Feb 15;593:110029. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110029. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOrthotospoviruses, a genera of negative-sense ssRNA viruses transmitted by thrips, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their detrimental impact on diverse crops, causing substantial economic losses and posing threats to food security. Orthotospoviruses are characterised by a wide range of symptoms in plants, including chlorotic/necrotic spots, vein banding, and fruit deformation. Seven species, including four definite and three tentative species in the genus Orthotospovirus, have so far been documented on ...
Source: Virology - February 21, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: R K Mohana Pradeep V Rakesh N Boopathi M Siva S Kousalya K Nagendran G Karthikeyan Source Type: research
Determination of the three-dimensional structure of bacteriophage Mu(-) tail fiber and its characterization
In this study, we have determined the structure of the alternative tail fiber subunit, gp52, and compared it with other tail fibers. The results revealed that Mu phage employs different structural motifs for two individual tail fibers for recognizing different hosts.PMID:38382161 | DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2024.110017 (Source: Virology)
Source: Virology - February 21, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Yukina Mori Eiki Yamashita Atsushi Nakagawa Tomoki Matsuzawa Minoru Inagaki Yoshifumi Aiba Syu Tanaka Syunya Hatori Maeda Ayami Shigeki Takeda Source Type: research
Development of full-length infectious cDNA clones and host range identification of an echinacea strain of tobacco streak virus
Virology. 2024 Feb 11;593:110013. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTobacco streak virus induces severe diseases on a wide range of plants and becomes an emerging threat to crop yields. However, the infectious clones of TSV remain to be developed for reverse genetics studies. Here, we obtained the full genome sequence of a TSV-CNB isolate and analyzed the phylogenetic characteristics. Subsequently, we developed the full-length infectious cDNA clones of TSV-CNB driven by 35 S promoter using yeast homologous recombination. Furthermore, the host range of TSV-CNB isolate was determined by Agrobact...
Source: Virology - February 19, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Qi Liu Menglin Li Xuanyu Dong Chengxiao Zuo Zhangyao Nie Zongying Zhang Cheng-Gui Han Ying Wang Source Type: research
Mucosal vaccines for viral diseases: Status and prospects
Virology. 2024 Feb 15;593:110026. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110026. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVirus-associated infectious diseases are highly detrimental to human health and animal husbandry. Among all countermeasures against infectious diseases, prophylactic vaccines, which developed through traditional or novel approaches, offer potential benefits. More recently, mucosal vaccines attract attention for their extraordinary characteristics compared to conventional parenteral vaccines, particularly for mucosal-related pathogens. Representatively, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by severe...
Source: Virology - February 19, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Bingjie Ma Mengxiao Tao Zhili Li Quanfang Zheng Haigang Wu Peirong Chen Source Type: research
Development of full-length infectious cDNA clones and host range identification of an echinacea strain of tobacco streak virus
Virology. 2024 Feb 11;593:110013. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTobacco streak virus induces severe diseases on a wide range of plants and becomes an emerging threat to crop yields. However, the infectious clones of TSV remain to be developed for reverse genetics studies. Here, we obtained the full genome sequence of a TSV-CNB isolate and analyzed the phylogenetic characteristics. Subsequently, we developed the full-length infectious cDNA clones of TSV-CNB driven by 35 S promoter using yeast homologous recombination. Furthermore, the host range of TSV-CNB isolate was determined by Agrobact...
Source: Virology - February 19, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Qi Liu Menglin Li Xuanyu Dong Chengxiao Zuo Zhangyao Nie Zongying Zhang Cheng-Gui Han Ying Wang Source Type: research
Mucosal vaccines for viral diseases: Status and prospects
Virology. 2024 Feb 15;593:110026. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110026. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVirus-associated infectious diseases are highly detrimental to human health and animal husbandry. Among all countermeasures against infectious diseases, prophylactic vaccines, which developed through traditional or novel approaches, offer potential benefits. More recently, mucosal vaccines attract attention for their extraordinary characteristics compared to conventional parenteral vaccines, particularly for mucosal-related pathogens. Representatively, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by severe...
Source: Virology - February 19, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Bingjie Ma Mengxiao Tao Zhili Li Quanfang Zheng Haigang Wu Peirong Chen Source Type: research
