Hemagglutinin affects replication, stability and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus
Virology. 2023 Nov 4;589:109926. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109926. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTH9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can transmit by direct as well as airborne contacts. It has been widespread in poultry and continued to contribute to zoonotic spillover events by providing its six internal genes for the reassortment of novel influenza viruses (eg, H7N9) that infect poultry and humans. Compared to H7N9, H9N2 virus displays an efficient airborne transmissibility in poultry, but the mechanisms of transmission difference have been insufficiently studied. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and viral polymerase acidic p...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xu Naiqing Xinen Tang Xin Wang Miao Cai Xiaowen Liu Xiaolong Lu Shunlin Hu Min Gu Jiao Hu Ruyi Gao Kaituo Liu Yu Chen Xiufan Liu Xiaoquan Wang Source Type: research
Identification of subgenomic mRNAs derived from the coronavirus 1a/1b protein gene: Implications for coronavirus transcription
Virology. 2023 Nov 2;589:109920. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109920. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSynthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) is guided by the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS). sgmRNA derived from the body TRS (TRS-B) located at the 1a/1b protein gene is designated 1ab/sgmRNA. In the current study, we comprehensively identified the 1ab/sgmRNAs synthesized from TRS-Bs located at the 1a/1b protein genes of different coronavirus genera both in vitro and in vivo by RT‒PCR and sequencing. The results suggested that the degree of sequence homology between the leader TRS (TRS-L) and TRS-B may not be ...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ching-Hung Lin Feng-Cheng Hsieh Meilin Wang Chieh Hsu Hsuan-Wei Hsu Chun-Chun Yang Cheng-Yao Yang Hung-Yi Wu Source Type: research
Genetic characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants in chickens with viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in Israel
In this study, we characterized emerging ARV variants in Israel and analyzed their genetic relationship with reference strains. One hundred thirty-four ARV variants were isolated from tendons and synovial fluids of commercial broiler chickens with signs of arthritis/tenosynovitis. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial segment of the sigma C (σC) gene confirmed that these field isolates from Israel could be clustered into all six known clusters. The majority of ARV isolates in Israel belonged to the genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The strains in this study had a low sequence identity when compared to the commercial vaccine (stra...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Yigal Farnoushi Dan Heller Avishai Lublin Source Type: research
Hemagglutinin affects replication, stability and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus
Virology. 2023 Nov 4;589:109926. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109926. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTH9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can transmit by direct as well as airborne contacts. It has been widespread in poultry and continued to contribute to zoonotic spillover events by providing its six internal genes for the reassortment of novel influenza viruses (eg, H7N9) that infect poultry and humans. Compared to H7N9, H9N2 virus displays an efficient airborne transmissibility in poultry, but the mechanisms of transmission difference have been insufficiently studied. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and viral polymerase acidic p...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xu Naiqing Xinen Tang Xin Wang Miao Cai Xiaowen Liu Xiaolong Lu Shunlin Hu Min Gu Jiao Hu Ruyi Gao Kaituo Liu Yu Chen Xiufan Liu Xiaoquan Wang Source Type: research
Identification of subgenomic mRNAs derived from the coronavirus 1a/1b protein gene: Implications for coronavirus transcription
Virology. 2023 Nov 2;589:109920. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109920. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSynthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) is guided by the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS). sgmRNA derived from the body TRS (TRS-B) located at the 1a/1b protein gene is designated 1ab/sgmRNA. In the current study, we comprehensively identified the 1ab/sgmRNAs synthesized from TRS-Bs located at the 1a/1b protein genes of different coronavirus genera both in vitro and in vivo by RT‒PCR and sequencing. The results suggested that the degree of sequence homology between the leader TRS (TRS-L) and TRS-B may not be ...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ching-Hung Lin Feng-Cheng Hsieh Meilin Wang Chieh Hsu Hsuan-Wei Hsu Chun-Chun Yang Cheng-Yao Yang Hung-Yi Wu Source Type: research
Genetic characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants in chickens with viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in Israel
In this study, we characterized emerging ARV variants in Israel and analyzed their genetic relationship with reference strains. One hundred thirty-four ARV variants were isolated from tendons and synovial fluids of commercial broiler chickens with signs of arthritis/tenosynovitis. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial segment of the sigma C (σC) gene confirmed that these field isolates from Israel could be clustered into all six known clusters. The majority of ARV isolates in Israel belonged to the genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The strains in this study had a low sequence identity when compared to the commercial vaccine (stra...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Yigal Farnoushi Dan Heller Avishai Lublin Source Type: research
Hemagglutinin affects replication, stability and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus
Virology. 2023 Nov 4;589:109926. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109926. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTH9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can transmit by direct as well as airborne contacts. It has been widespread in poultry and continued to contribute to zoonotic spillover events by providing its six internal genes for the reassortment of novel influenza viruses (eg, H7N9) that infect poultry and humans. Compared to H7N9, H9N2 virus displays an efficient airborne transmissibility in poultry, but the mechanisms of transmission difference have been insufficiently studied. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and viral polymerase acidic p...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xu Naiqing Xinen Tang Xin Wang Miao Cai Xiaowen Liu Xiaolong Lu Shunlin Hu Min Gu Jiao Hu Ruyi Gao Kaituo Liu Yu Chen Xiufan Liu Xiaoquan Wang Source Type: research
Identification of subgenomic mRNAs derived from the coronavirus 1a/1b protein gene: Implications for coronavirus transcription
Virology. 2023 Nov 2;589:109920. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109920. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSynthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) is guided by the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS). sgmRNA derived from the body TRS (TRS-B) located at the 1a/1b protein gene is designated 1ab/sgmRNA. In the current study, we comprehensively identified the 1ab/sgmRNAs synthesized from TRS-Bs located at the 1a/1b protein genes of different coronavirus genera both in vitro and in vivo by RT‒PCR and sequencing. The results suggested that the degree of sequence homology between the leader TRS (TRS-L) and TRS-B may not be ...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ching-Hung Lin Feng-Cheng Hsieh Meilin Wang Chieh Hsu Hsuan-Wei Hsu Chun-Chun Yang Cheng-Yao Yang Hung-Yi Wu Source Type: research
Genetic characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants in chickens with viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in Israel
In this study, we characterized emerging ARV variants in Israel and analyzed their genetic relationship with reference strains. One hundred thirty-four ARV variants were isolated from tendons and synovial fluids of commercial broiler chickens with signs of arthritis/tenosynovitis. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial segment of the sigma C (σC) gene confirmed that these field isolates from Israel could be clustered into all six known clusters. The majority of ARV isolates in Israel belonged to the genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The strains in this study had a low sequence identity when compared to the commercial vaccine (stra...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Yigal Farnoushi Dan Heller Avishai Lublin Source Type: research
Hemagglutinin affects replication, stability and airborne transmission of the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus
Virology. 2023 Nov 4;589:109926. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109926. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTH9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can transmit by direct as well as airborne contacts. It has been widespread in poultry and continued to contribute to zoonotic spillover events by providing its six internal genes for the reassortment of novel influenza viruses (eg, H7N9) that infect poultry and humans. Compared to H7N9, H9N2 virus displays an efficient airborne transmissibility in poultry, but the mechanisms of transmission difference have been insufficiently studied. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and viral polymerase acidic p...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xu Naiqing Xinen Tang Xin Wang Miao Cai Xiaowen Liu Xiaolong Lu Shunlin Hu Min Gu Jiao Hu Ruyi Gao Kaituo Liu Yu Chen Xiufan Liu Xiaoquan Wang Source Type: research
Identification of subgenomic mRNAs derived from the coronavirus 1a/1b protein gene: Implications for coronavirus transcription
Virology. 2023 Nov 2;589:109920. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109920. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSynthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) is guided by the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS). sgmRNA derived from the body TRS (TRS-B) located at the 1a/1b protein gene is designated 1ab/sgmRNA. In the current study, we comprehensively identified the 1ab/sgmRNAs synthesized from TRS-Bs located at the 1a/1b protein genes of different coronavirus genera both in vitro and in vivo by RT‒PCR and sequencing. The results suggested that the degree of sequence homology between the leader TRS (TRS-L) and TRS-B may not be ...
Source: Virology - November 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ching-Hung Lin Feng-Cheng Hsieh Meilin Wang Chieh Hsu Hsuan-Wei Hsu Chun-Chun Yang Cheng-Yao Yang Hung-Yi Wu Source Type: research
Expression dynamics of the aplysia abyssovirus
Virology. 2023 Sep 30;589:109890. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109890. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTwo recent studies documented the genome of a novel, extremely large (35.9 kb), nidovirus in RNA sequence databases from the marine neural model Aplysia californica. The goal of the present study was to document the distribution and transcriptional dynamics of this virus, Aplysia abyssovirus 1 (AAbV), in maricultured and wild animals. We confirmed previous findings that AAbV RNA is widespread and reaches extraordinary levels in apparently healthy animals. Transmission electron microscopy identified viral replication factories ...
Source: Virology - November 11, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Nicholas S Kron Benjamin W Neuman Sathish Kumar Patricia L Blackwelder Dayana Vidal Delphina Z Walker-Phelan Patrick D I Gibbs Lynne A Fieber Michael C Schmale Source Type: research
Reassortant H9N2 canine influenza viruses containing the pandemic H1N1/2009 ribonucleoprotein complex circulating in pigs acquired enhanced virulence in mice
This study generated 20 reassortant viruses with the introduction of H1N1/2009 internal genes from EA H1N1 virus into H9N2 virus. 12 of these recovered the replication capability both in the lungs and turbinate samples. 10 of 12 obtained PA gene segments from the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes of the EA H1N1 virus, and 3 exhibited extreme virulence. Specially, the combination of PB2, PA and NP genes could overcome the species-specific restriction in human cells. Analysis of the polymerase activities found that introduction of the PA gene resulted in increased polymerase activity. These findings indicated that RNP comple...
Source: Virology - November 11, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Min Zhu Hao Zeng Jianqiao He Yaohui Zhu Pingping Wang Jianing Guo Jinfan Guo Huabo Zhou Yifeng Qin Kang Ouyang Zuzhang Wei Weijian Huang Ying Chen Source Type: research
Innate immune responses reverse HIV cognitive disease in mice: Profile by RNAseq in the brain
Virology. 2023 Nov 2;589:109917. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109917. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAntiretroviral therapy controls immunodeficiency in people with HIV but many develop mild neurocognitive disorder. Here we investigated HIV brain disease by infecting mice with the chimeric HIV, EcoHIV, and probing changes in brain gene expression during infection and reversal with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). EcoHIV-infected C57BL/6 mice were treated with poly I:C and monitored by assay of learning in radial arm water maze, RNAseq of striatum, and QPCR of virus burden and brain transcripts. Poly I:C reversed Eco...
Source: Virology - November 11, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Alejandra Borjabad Baojun Dong Wei Chao David J Volsky Mary Jane Potash Source Type: research
Expression dynamics of the aplysia abyssovirus
Virology. 2023 Sep 30;589:109890. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109890. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTwo recent studies documented the genome of a novel, extremely large (35.9 kb), nidovirus in RNA sequence databases from the marine neural model Aplysia californica. The goal of the present study was to document the distribution and transcriptional dynamics of this virus, Aplysia abyssovirus 1 (AAbV), in maricultured and wild animals. We confirmed previous findings that AAbV RNA is widespread and reaches extraordinary levels in apparently healthy animals. Transmission electron microscopy identified viral replication factories ...
Source: Virology - November 11, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Nicholas S Kron Benjamin W Neuman Sathish Kumar Patricia L Blackwelder Dayana Vidal Delphina Z Walker-Phelan Patrick D I Gibbs Lynne A Fieber Michael C Schmale Source Type: research
