Emerging porcine Enterovirus G infections, epidemiological, complete genome sequencing, evolutionary and risk factor analysis in India
Virology. 2023 Oct 16;590:109906. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109906. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe current study reports the in-depth analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and molecular characterization of a complete genome of Enterovirus G (EV-G) isolated from Indian pigs. We analysed several genes of EV-G isolates collected from various provinces in India, using phylogenetic analysis, recombination detection, SimPlot, and selection pressure analyses. Our analysis of 534 porcine faecal samples revealed that 11.61% (62/534) of the samples were positive for EV-G. While the G6 genotype was the most predominant, our ...
Source: Virology - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Sudipta Bhat Mohd Ikram Ansari Jobin Jose Kattoor Shubhankar Sircar Parvaiz Sikander Dar Pallavi Deol O R Vinodh Kumar Prasad Thomas Souvik Ghosh Mohamed E El Zowalaty Yashpal Singh Malik Source Type: research
Preexisting inter-serotype immunity drives antigenic evolution of dengue virus serotype 2
Virology. 2023 Dec 8;590:109951. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109951. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDengue virus (DENV) infects roughly 400 million people annually, causing febrile and hemorrhagic disease. While preexisting inter-serotype immunity (PISI) provides transient protection, it may drive severe disease over time. PISI's impact on virus evolution, however, is less understood. Retrospective epidemiological analyses suggest that PISI may drive DENV evolution. Using in vitro directed evolution, we explored how DENV2 evolves in the presence of DENV3/4 convalescent serum. Two post-passaging mutations (E-I6M and E-N203D) w...
Source: Virology - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Jeffrey M Marano James Weger-Lucarelli Source Type: research
Emerging porcine Enterovirus G infections, epidemiological, complete genome sequencing, evolutionary and risk factor analysis in India
Virology. 2023 Oct 16;590:109906. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109906. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe current study reports the in-depth analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and molecular characterization of a complete genome of Enterovirus G (EV-G) isolated from Indian pigs. We analysed several genes of EV-G isolates collected from various provinces in India, using phylogenetic analysis, recombination detection, SimPlot, and selection pressure analyses. Our analysis of 534 porcine faecal samples revealed that 11.61% (62/534) of the samples were positive for EV-G. While the G6 genotype was the most predominant, our ...
Source: Virology - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Sudipta Bhat Mohd Ikram Ansari Jobin Jose Kattoor Shubhankar Sircar Parvaiz Sikander Dar Pallavi Deol O R Vinodh Kumar Prasad Thomas Souvik Ghosh Mohamed E El Zowalaty Yashpal Singh Malik Source Type: research
Preexisting inter-serotype immunity drives antigenic evolution of dengue virus serotype 2
Virology. 2023 Dec 8;590:109951. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109951. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDengue virus (DENV) infects roughly 400 million people annually, causing febrile and hemorrhagic disease. While preexisting inter-serotype immunity (PISI) provides transient protection, it may drive severe disease over time. PISI's impact on virus evolution, however, is less understood. Retrospective epidemiological analyses suggest that PISI may drive DENV evolution. Using in vitro directed evolution, we explored how DENV2 evolves in the presence of DENV3/4 convalescent serum. Two post-passaging mutations (E-I6M and E-N203D) w...
Source: Virology - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Jeffrey M Marano James Weger-Lucarelli Source Type: research
Recombinant A(H6N1)-H274Y avian influenza virus with dual drug resistance does not require permissive mutations to retain the replicative fitness in vitro and in ovo
Virology. 2023 Dec 2;590:109954. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109954. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe possible emergence of drug-resistant avian flu raises concerns over the limited effectiveness of currently approved antivirals (neuraminidase inhibitors - NAIs) in the hypothetical event of a zoonotic spillover. Our study demonstrated that the recombinant avian A(H6N1) viruses showed reduced inhibition (RI) by multiple NAI drugs following the introduction of point mutations found predominantly in the neuraminidase gene (NA) of NAI-resistant human influenza strains (E119V, R292K and H274Y; N2 numbering). Moreover, A(H6N1)-H2...
Source: Virology - December 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Dagmara Bialy Samuel Richardson Klaudia Chrzastek Sushant Bhat Noemi Polo Graham Freimanis Munir Iqbal Holly Shelton Source Type: research
The p30 protein of the African swine fever virus behaves as an RNase
Virology. 2023 Dec 9;590:109967. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109967. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is responsible for causing African Swine Fever (ASF), a severe contagious disease characterized by hemorrhagic symptoms. The p30 protein of ASFV is the most abundantly expressed viral protein. It is reported to be antigenic and has recognized phosphorylation, glycosylation, and membrane attachment sites, which also shows that the C-terminal region of p30 is more active than the N-terminal region. The present study reports the unique RNase activity of recombinant p30. The RNase activity of p3...
Source: Virology - December 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Satyendu Nandy Nilave Ranjan Bora Shubham Gaurav Sachin Kumar Source Type: research
Recombinant A(H6N1)-H274Y avian influenza virus with dual drug resistance does not require permissive mutations to retain the replicative fitness in vitro and in ovo
Virology. 2023 Dec 2;590:109954. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109954. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe possible emergence of drug-resistant avian flu raises concerns over the limited effectiveness of currently approved antivirals (neuraminidase inhibitors - NAIs) in the hypothetical event of a zoonotic spillover. Our study demonstrated that the recombinant avian A(H6N1) viruses showed reduced inhibition (RI) by multiple NAI drugs following the introduction of point mutations found predominantly in the neuraminidase gene (NA) of NAI-resistant human influenza strains (E119V, R292K and H274Y; N2 numbering). Moreover, A(H6N1)-H2...
Source: Virology - December 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Dagmara Bialy Samuel Richardson Klaudia Chrzastek Sushant Bhat Noemi Polo Graham Freimanis Munir Iqbal Holly Shelton Source Type: research
The p30 protein of the African swine fever virus behaves as an RNase
Virology. 2023 Dec 9;590:109967. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109967. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is responsible for causing African Swine Fever (ASF), a severe contagious disease characterized by hemorrhagic symptoms. The p30 protein of ASFV is the most abundantly expressed viral protein. It is reported to be antigenic and has recognized phosphorylation, glycosylation, and membrane attachment sites, which also shows that the C-terminal region of p30 is more active than the N-terminal region. The present study reports the unique RNase activity of recombinant p30. The RNase activity of p3...
Source: Virology - December 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Satyendu Nandy Nilave Ranjan Bora Shubham Gaurav Sachin Kumar Source Type: research
Ivermectin inhibits replication of the malignant catarrhal fever virus alcelaphine herpesvirus 1
Virology. 2023 Dec 6;590:109958. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109958. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMalignant catarrhal fever is a lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and other ungulates that is caused by genetically and antigenically related gamma herpesviruses of the genus Macavirus. Infection of the natural host species is efficient and asymptomatic but spread to susceptible hosts is often fatal with clinical signs including fever, depression, nasal and ocular discharge. There is no recognised treatment for MCF but a vaccine for one MCF virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), has been described. In this paper we descr...
Source: Virology - December 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Blanka Patho Dawn M Grant Ann Percival George C Russell Source Type: research
Ivermectin inhibits replication of the malignant catarrhal fever virus alcelaphine herpesvirus 1
Virology. 2023 Dec 6;590:109958. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109958. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMalignant catarrhal fever is a lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and other ungulates that is caused by genetically and antigenically related gamma herpesviruses of the genus Macavirus. Infection of the natural host species is efficient and asymptomatic but spread to susceptible hosts is often fatal with clinical signs including fever, depression, nasal and ocular discharge. There is no recognised treatment for MCF but a vaccine for one MCF virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), has been described. In this paper we descr...
Source: Virology - December 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Blanka Patho Dawn M Grant Ann Percival George C Russell Source Type: research
Ivermectin inhibits replication of the malignant catarrhal fever virus alcelaphine herpesvirus 1
Virology. 2023 Dec 6;590:109958. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109958. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMalignant catarrhal fever is a lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and other ungulates that is caused by genetically and antigenically related gamma herpesviruses of the genus Macavirus. Infection of the natural host species is efficient and asymptomatic but spread to susceptible hosts is often fatal with clinical signs including fever, depression, nasal and ocular discharge. There is no recognised treatment for MCF but a vaccine for one MCF virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), has been described. In this paper we descr...
Source: Virology - December 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Blanka Patho Dawn M Grant Ann Percival George C Russell Source Type: research
Evaluation of the immunoprotective effects of porcine deltacoronavirus subunit vaccines
In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the N and M proteins play important roles in inducing an immunoprotective response. Using N and M antigens as effective antigenic components in the development of PDCoV vaccines in the future will effectively increase the immune efficacy of the vaccines.PMID:38070302 | DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2023.109955 (Source: Virology)
Source: Virology - December 9, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ruiming Yu Liping Zhang Peng Zhou Zhongwang Zhang Xiaoqing Liu Yonglu Wang Huichen Guo Li Pan Xinsheng Liu Source Type: research
Development and evaluation of a multiplex digital PCR method for sensitive and accurate detection of respiratory pathogens in children
In this study, a multiplex dPCR method was developed and evaluated as a means of detecting five respiratory pathogens in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI). With 139 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from children with ALRTI, pathogens were detected using dPCR and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) methods. Of those specimens, dPCR detected 86 positive cases, while qPCR identified 84. Moreover, dPCR exhibited higher sensitivity than qPCR, and displayed no cross-reactivity with common respiratory pathogens. These findings suggest that dPCR-based method could become one of the most promising options fo...
Source: Virology - December 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xiangpeng Chen Fang Wang Yiliang Fu Luci Huang Fei Li Hongwei Zhao Xiaolei Guan Qiuping Li Qi Li Yilu Wang Yong Guo Zhengde Xie Source Type: research
Three distinct ORF1a recombinants of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern
Virology. 2023 Nov 28;590:109945. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109945. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the emergency of various lineages through mutations and recombination. In the Delta lineage, we identified recombination events in the ORF1a gene, which divided the Delta sublineages into three different genotypes (Delta R1-R3). The regional distributions of Delta R1 and Delta R2 were not correlated, indicating that recombination occurred early in the Delta outbreak. The impact of the ORF1a gene on SARS-CoV-2 transmi...
Source: Virology - December 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Dong-Wook Lee Jeong-Min Kim Da-Won Kim Ji-Yun Kim Jeong-Ah Kim Chae Young Lee Jin Sun No Il-Hwan Kim Jee Eun Rhee Eun-Jin Kim Jung-Hoon Kwon Source Type: research
Development and evaluation of a multiplex digital PCR method for sensitive and accurate detection of respiratory pathogens in children
In this study, a multiplex dPCR method was developed and evaluated as a means of detecting five respiratory pathogens in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI). With 139 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from children with ALRTI, pathogens were detected using dPCR and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) methods. Of those specimens, dPCR detected 86 positive cases, while qPCR identified 84. Moreover, dPCR exhibited higher sensitivity than qPCR, and displayed no cross-reactivity with common respiratory pathogens. These findings suggest that dPCR-based method could become one of the most promising options fo...
Source: Virology - December 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Xiangpeng Chen Fang Wang Yiliang Fu Luci Huang Fei Li Hongwei Zhao Xiaolei Guan Qiuping Li Qi Li Yilu Wang Yong Guo Zhengde Xie Source Type: research
