B cells and the intestinal microbiome in time, space and place
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 18;69:101806. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101806. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe gut immune system is shaped by the continuous interaction with the microbiota. Here we dissect temporal, spatial and contextual layers of gut B cell responses. The microbiota impacts on the selection of the developing pool of pre-immune B cells that serves as substrate for B cell activation, expansion and differentiation. However, various aspects of the gut B cell response display unique features. In particular, occurrence of somatically mutated B cells, chronic gut germinal centers in T cell-deficient settings and poly...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Oliver Pabst Carla R Nowosad Source Type: research
Unconventional protein secretion by gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 18;69:101811. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101811. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnconventional protein secretion (UPS) allows the release of specific leaderless proteins independently of the classical endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi secretory pathway. While it remains one of the least understood mechanisms in cell biology, UPS plays an essential role in immunity as it controls the release of the IL-1 family of cytokines, which coordinate host defense and inflammatory responses. The unconventional secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, the two most prominent members of the IL-1 family, is initiated by inflamma...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Petr Broz Source Type: research
Mitochondria during T cell aging
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 18;69:101808. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101808. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging that contributes to inflammaging. It is characterized by alterations of the mitochondrial DNA, reduced respiratory capacity, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species production. These primary alterations disrupt other interconnected and important mitochondrial-related processes such as metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis, mitophagy, calcium homeostasis or apoptosis. In this review, we gather the current knowledge about the...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jose Ignacio Escrig-Larena Sandra Delgado-Pulido Mar ía Mittelbrunn Source Type: research
B cells and the intestinal microbiome in time, space and place
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 18;69:101806. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101806. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe gut immune system is shaped by the continuous interaction with the microbiota. Here we dissect temporal, spatial and contextual layers of gut B cell responses. The microbiota impacts on the selection of the developing pool of pre-immune B cells that serves as substrate for B cell activation, expansion and differentiation. However, various aspects of the gut B cell response display unique features. In particular, occurrence of somatically mutated B cells, chronic gut germinal centers in T cell-deficient settings and poly...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Oliver Pabst Carla R Nowosad Source Type: research
Unconventional protein secretion by gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 18;69:101811. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101811. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnconventional protein secretion (UPS) allows the release of specific leaderless proteins independently of the classical endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi secretory pathway. While it remains one of the least understood mechanisms in cell biology, UPS plays an essential role in immunity as it controls the release of the IL-1 family of cytokines, which coordinate host defense and inflammatory responses. The unconventional secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, the two most prominent members of the IL-1 family, is initiated by inflamma...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Petr Broz Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis and the cellular consequences of gasdermin pores
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;69:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101803. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe family of gasdermin proteins plays a key role in the host response against external and internal pathogenic signals by mediating the form of inflammatory regulated cell death known as pyroptosis. One of the most well-studied gasdermins within innate immunity is gasdermin D, which is cleaved, oligomerizes, and forms plasma membrane pores. Gasdermin D pores lead to a number of downstream cellular consequences including plasma membrane rupture, or cell lysis. In this review, we describe mechanisms of activation for each of...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hanna C Huston Marisa J Anderson Susan L Fink Source Type: research
Pyroptosis in defense against intracellular bacteria
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 8;69:101805. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101805. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPathogenic microbes invade the human body and trigger a host immune response to defend against the infection. In response, host-adapted pathogens employ numerous virulence strategies to overcome host defense mechanisms. As a result, the interaction between the host and pathogen is a dynamic process that shapes the evolution of the host's immune response. Among the immune responses against intracellular bacteria, pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death, is a crucial mechanism that eliminates replicative niches for intracellula...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 10, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lupeng Li Mary S Dickinson J örn Coers Edward A Miao Source Type: research
Pyroptosis in defense against intracellular bacteria
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 8;69:101805. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101805. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPathogenic microbes invade the human body and trigger a host immune response to defend against the infection. In response, host-adapted pathogens employ numerous virulence strategies to overcome host defense mechanisms. As a result, the interaction between the host and pathogen is a dynamic process that shapes the evolution of the host's immune response. Among the immune responses against intracellular bacteria, pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death, is a crucial mechanism that eliminates replicative niches for intracellula...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 10, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lupeng Li Mary S Dickinson J örn Coers Edward A Miao Source Type: research
The gut-brain vascular axis in neuroinflammation
Semin Immunol. 2023 Jul 7;69:101802. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101802. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe multifaceted microbiota characterizing our gut plays a crucial role in maintaining immune, metabolic and tissue homeostasis of the intestine as well as of distal organs, including the central nervous system. Microbial dysbiosis is reported in several inflammatory intestinal diseases characterized by the impairment of the gut epithelial and vascular barriers, defined as leaky gut, and it is reported as a potential danger condition associated with the development of metabolic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. R...
Source: Seminars in Immunology - July 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sara Carloni Maria Rescigno Source Type: research
