Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Plasma Markers of Neurologic Injury and Inflammation in People With Self-Reported Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Discussion Self-reported neurologic symptoms present approximately 4 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with elevations in markers of neurologic injury and inflammation at earlier time points. Some inflammatory pathways seem to be involved months after acute infection. Additional work will be needed to better characterize these processes and to identify interventions to prevent or treat this condition. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Peluso, M. J., Sans, H. M., Forman, C. A., Nylander, A. N., Ho, H.-e., Lu, S., Goldberg, S. A., Hoh, R., Tai, V., Munter, S. E., Chenna, A., Yee, B. C., Winslow, J. W., Petropoulos, C. J., Martin, J. N., Kelly, J. D., Durstenfeld, M. S., Hsue, P. Y., Hunt Tags: All Immunology, COVID-19 Research Article Source Type: research

Multimodal Investigation of Neuroinflammation in Aviremic Patients With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Elite Controllers
(Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Correction [amp ] Replacement Source Type: research

CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells
Discussion CNS autoantigen-specific autoimmunity has a protective influence on primary tissue damage after experimental stroke, indicating a very early involvement of CNS antigen-specific, myeloid cell-associated anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms that mitigate ischemic injury in the acute EAE phase. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Guse, K., Hagemann, N., Thiele, L., Remlinger, J., Salmen, A., Hoepner, R., Keller, I., Meyer, P., Grandgirard, D., Leib, S. L., Vassella, E., Locatelli, G., Hermann, D. M., Chan, A. Tags: All Immunology, Multiple sclerosis, Infarction Research Article Source Type: research

Ofatumumab Modulates Inflammatory T Cell Responses and Migratory Potential in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
This study showed that ofatumumab treatment of patients with RRMS increased the control of effector T cells and decreased T cell autoreactivity. It also showed that ofatumumab reduced the level of peripheral CD20+ T cells and that the observed decrease in CNS-migratory capacity of T cells was caused by the depletion of CD20+ T cells. Finally, our study pointed out a bias in the measurement of CD20+ cells due to a steric hindrance between the treatment antibody and the flow cytometry antibody. Discussion The substantial ofatumumab-induced alteration in the T cell compartment including a severely decreased CNS-migratory cap...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: von Essen, M. R., Hansen, R. H., Hojgaard, C., Ammitzboll, C., Wiendl, H., Sellebjerg, F. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Retinal Hyperreflecting Foci Associate With Cortical Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis
This study provides Class II evidence that in patients with early RRMS but without ON, the number of HRF on OCT of the retinal inner nuclear layer is associated with cNEDA and rNEDA. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Pengo, M., Miante, S., Franciotta, S., Ponzano, M., Torresin, T., Bovis, F., Rinaldi, F., Perini, P., Saiani, M., Margoni, M., Bertoldo, A., Sormani, M. P., Pilotto, E., Midena, E., Gallo, P., Puthenparampil, M. Tags: Retina, Class II, Multiple sclerosis Research Article Source Type: research

{beta}IV-Spectrin Autoantibodies in 2 Individuals With Neuropathy of Possible Paraneoplastic Origin: A Case Series
This study provides Class IV evidence that βIV-spectrin antibodies are specific autoantibody biomarkers for paraneoplastic neuropathy. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Bartley, C. M., Ngo, T. T., Alvarenga, B. D., Kung, A. F., Teliska, L. H., Sy, M., DeRisi, J. L., Rasband, M. N., Pittock, S. J., Dubey, D., Wilson, M. R., Pleasure, S. J. Tags: Autoimmune diseases, Paraneoplastic syndrome, Class IV Clinical/Scientific Note Source Type: research

Clinicopathologic Profiles of Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy: Practical Importance of Anti-{alpha}-Actinin Immunostaining
Discussion SLONM is a treatable myopathy with ASCT or traditional immunotherapy, especially when combined with steroids and immunosuppressants. Anti–α-actinin immunostaining is the most reliable pathologic marker to identify rod-bearing fibers, and it should be performed routinely in adult patients with undiagnosed nonnecrotic myopathies. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhao, B., Dai, T., Zhao, D., Ma, X., Zhao, C., Li, L., Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., Yan, Y., Lu, J.-Q., Liu, F., Yan, C. Tags: MRI, All Immunology, Autoimmune diseases, All Clinical Neurology, Muscle disease Research Article Source Type: research

Transitioning From S1P Receptor Modulators to B Cell-Depleting Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical, Radiographic, and Laboratory Data
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between inflammatory activity and the transition period from fingolimod to anti-CD20 therapies in a real-world MS cohort. Methods Medical records were reviewed for all patients at our center transitioning from fingolimod to rituximab or ocrelizumab between 2010 and October 2020. Time periods reviewed were the following: before fingolimod discontinuation, interval between fingolimod and anti-CD20 treatments, and after the first anti-CD20 infusion. The primary outcome was clinical relapses; MRI activity, time to absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) recovery, and infect...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Rowles, W. M., Hsu, W.-Y., McPolin, K., Li, A., Merrill, S., Guo, C.-Y., Green, A. J., Gelfand, J. M., Bove, R. M. Tags: All Immunology, All Infections, All Clinical Neurology, Multiple sclerosis Research Article Source Type: research

Innate Immune Cell-Related Pathology in the Thalamus Signals a Risk for Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis
Discussion Increased TSPO radioligand binding in the thalamus has potential in predicting short-term disability progression in MS and seems to be more sensitive for this than GM atrophy measures. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Misin, O., Matilainen, M., Nylund, M., Honkonen, E., Rissanen, E., Sucksdorff, M., Airas, L. Tags: PET, Multiple sclerosis Research Article Source Type: research

The BCL2 Inhibitor Venetoclax Plus Rituximab Is Active in MYD88 Wild-Type Polyneuropathy With Anti-MAG Antibodies
This study provides Class IV evidence that for a patient with relapsed anti-MAG antibody polyneuropathy, MYD88 wild-type, venetoclax plus rituximab is effective. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 16, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Briani, C., Visentin, A., Castellani, F., Cacciavillani, M., Trentin, L. Tags: All Clinical Neurology, Peripheral neuropathy, Class IV Clinical/Scientific Note Source Type: research

Role of Chitinase 3-like 1 as a Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Discussion CSF levels of CHI3L1 have a strong correlation with the MS pathologic course, in particular with the mechanism of progression of the disease; it helps to distinguish the PPMS from the RRMS. The potential role of CHI3L1 in serum needs to be further studied in the future. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Floro, S., Carandini, T., Pietroboni, A. M., De Riz, M. A., Scarpini, E., Galimberti, D. Tags: Autoimmune diseases, Multiple sclerosis Research Articles Source Type: research

Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod
Discussion In ocrelizumab-treated patients with MS, a third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination had no additive effect on the maximal T-cell response but did induce a boost response. In fingolimod-treated patients, no T-cell responses could be detected following both a second and third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. (Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Palomares Cabeza, V., Kummer, L. Y. L., Wieske, L., Hagen, R. R., Duurland, M., Konijn, V. A. L., van Dam, K. P. J., Stalman, E. W., van de Sandt, C. E., Boekel, L., Verstegen, N. J. M., Steenhuis, M., Rispens, T., Tas, S. W., Wolbink, G., Killestein, J., Tags: Autoimmune diseases, COVID-19, Multiple sclerosis Clinical/Scientific Note Source Type: research

Neurosarcoidosis of the Cauda Equina: Clinical Course, Radiographic and Electrodiagnostic Findings, Response to Treatment, and Outcomes
This study aims to study the long-term clinical evolution of neurosarcoidosis affecting the cauda equina, response to treatment, and clinical and radiographic outcomes. Methods Patients with neurosarcoidosis treated at Emory University between January 1, 2011, and December 8, 2021, were retrospectively evaluated for manifestations of cauda equina disease and included if disease of the cauda equina could be substantiated by MRI or EMG. Results Of 216 cases, 14 (6.5%) involved the cauda equina. The median age was 49.5 years, and most were female (85.7%) and African American (64.3%). Chronic (>28 days) presentations were...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - April 29, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Bou, G. A., Garcia-Santibanez, R., Castilho, A. J., Hutto, S. K. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation Acknowledgment to Reviewers
(Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation)
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - April 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Dalmau, J. O. Tags: Acknowledgment to Reviewers Source Type: research

Heterogeneity of Acetylcholine Receptor Autoantibody-Mediated Complement Activity in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis
The objective of this study was to develop a cell-based assay that measures AChR autoantibody–mediated complement membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. Methods An HEK293T cell line—modified using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to disrupt expression of the complement regulator genes (CD46, CD55, and CD59)—was used to measure AChR autoantibody–mediated MAC formation through flow cytometry. Results Serum samples (n = 155) from 96 clinically confirmed AChR MG patients, representing a wide range of disease burden and autoantibody titer, were tested along with 32 healthy donor (HD) samples. AChR autoanti...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - April 26, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Obaid, A. H., Zografou, C., Vadysirisack, D. D., Munro-Sheldon, B., Fichtner, M. L., Roy, B., Philbrick, W. M., Bennett, J. L., Nowak, R. J., O'Connor, K. C. Tags: Autoimmune diseases, Myasthenia Research Article Source Type: research