Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Anti-cancer management of head and neck cancers and oral microbiome —what can we clinically obtain?
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity and primarily concerns the oral cavity and oropharynx. These cancers occur more frequently in men with a 5-year survival rate below 50%. Major risk factors include human papilloma virus (HPV) (notably type 16), Epstein–Barr virus, tobacco, alcohol, and poor oral hygiene with approximately 4.5% of global cancers linked to HPV. Notably, differences in the microbiome between healthy individuals and patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) have been identified. Recent studies highlight the significance of certain oral microbes in risk ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

The effects and mechanisms of natural products on Helicobacter pylori eradication
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication is pivotal for alleviating gastric mucosal inflammation and preventing the progression of gastric diseases. While antibiotic-based therapies have achieved significant success in H. pylori eradication, challenges such as antibiotic resistance, drug toxicity, side effects, nonadherence, inapplicability, and disruption of gastrointestinal microflora have emerged. Updated therapies are urgently needed to suppress H. pylori. Nature has provided multitudinous therapeutic agents since ancient times. Natural products can be a potential therapy endowed with H. pylori eradication efficacy....
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Vaccination with parasite-specific TcTASV proteins combined with recombinant baculovirus as a delivery platform protects against acute and chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Chagas’ is a neglected disease caused by the eukaryotic kinetoplastid parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi. Currently, approximately 8 million people are infected worldwide, most of whom are in the chronic phase of the disease, which involves cardiac, digestive, or neurologic manifestations. There is an urgent need for a vaccine because treatments are only effective in the initial phase of infection, which is generally underdiagnosed. The selection and combination of antigens, adjuvants, and delivery platforms for vaccine formulations should be designed to trigger mixed humoral and cellular immune responses, considering that T. c...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Escherichia coli outbreak among neonates in Tembisa hospital, South Africa
ConclusionsThe outbreak of fatal MDR infections in the neonatal wards were mediated by clonal (vertical) and horizontal (plasmid-mediated) spread of resistant and virulent strains (and genes) that have been also circulating locally and globally. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Defining a metagenomic threshold for detecting low abundances of Providencia alcalifaciens in canine faecal samples
DiscussionUsing our detection limit, the occurrence of P. alcalifaciens in faecal samples from healthy dogs was low. Given the low sensitivity of the metagenomic assay, these results do not rule out a significantly higher occurrence of this bacterium at a lower abundance. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Odorant binding protein 18 increases the pathogen resistance of the imported willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora
ConclusionOur results indicated that PverOBP18 gene increased the pathogen resistance of P. versicolora by cooperating with the immune genes and provided valuable insights into using OBPs as targets to design novel strategies for management of P. versicolora. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Mechanisms of mesothelial cell response to viral infections: HDAC1-3 inhibition blocks poly(I:C)-induced type I interferon response and modulates the mesenchymal/inflammatory phenotype
This study aims to elucidate the impact of TLR3 stimulation on the plasticity of human mesothelial cells (MCs) in PD patients and to investigate the effects of HDAC1-3 inhibition. Treatment of MCs from PD patients with the TLR3 agonist polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), led to the acquisition of a bona fide mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) characterized by the upregulation of mesenchymal genes and loss of epithelial-like features. Moreover, Poly(I:C) modulated the expression of several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. A quantitative proteomic analysis of MCs treated with MS-275, an HDAC1-3 inhibi...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Solid organ transplantation and gut microbiota: a review of the potential immunomodulatory properties of short-chain fatty acids in graft maintenance
Transplantation is the treatment of choice for several end-stage organ defects: it considerably improves patient survival and quality of life. However, post-transplant recipients may experience episodes of rejection that can favor or ultimately lead to graft loss. Graft maintenance requires a complex and life-long immunosuppressive treatment. Different immunosuppressive drugs (i.e., calcineurin inhibitors, glucocorticoids, biological immunosuppressive agents, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, and antiproliferative or antimetabolic agents) are used in combination to mitigate the immune response against the allograft...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Fluoroquinolone resistance in complicated urinary tract infections: association with the increased occurrence and diversity of Escherichia coli of clonal complex 131, together with ST1193
ConclusionWe proved here that non-lactose fermenting screening, together with the detection of O25b (rfbO25b), H4 (fliCH4), and H5 (fliCH5) genes, and phylogroup and clonotyping assignation, is a reasonable approach that can be easily implemented for the surveillance of emerging high-risk clones associated with FQR spread in cUTIs, such as the uncommonly reported O25b:H4-B2-ST9126-CC131 (CH1267-30). Since E. coli CC131 and ST1193 are also involved in the community uUTIs of this health area, interventions to eradicate these MDR clones, along with surveillance for other emerging ones, are essential for antibiotic use optimiz...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Deciphering the impact of endoparasitic infection on immune response and gut microbial composition of Channa punctata
Intestinal parasitic infections caused by helminths are globally distributed and are a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Parasites may modulate the virulence, gut microbiota diversity and host responses during infection. Despite numerous works, little is known about the complex interaction between parasites and the gut microbiota. In the present study, the complex interplay between parasites and the gut microbiota was investigated. A total of 12 bacterial strains across four major families, including Enterobacteriaceae, Morganellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae, were isolated from Channa punctata, infected ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Editorial: New insights into the role of tumor microbial microenvironment in tumor immunotherapy
(Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

The Mla system and its role in maintaining outer membrane barrier function in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria found in both natural and clinical environments. It is a remarkably adaptable species capable of thriving in various environments, thanks to the plasticity of its genome and a diverse array of genes that encode a wide range of functions. Among these functions, one notable trait is its remarkable ability to resist various antimicrobial agents, primarily through mechanisms that regulate the diffusion across cell membranes. We have investigated the Mla ABC transport system of S. maltophilia, which in other Gram-negative bacteria is known to transport phospholi...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A dynamic nomogram to predict invasive fungal super-infection during healthcare-associated bacterial infection in intensive care unit patients: an ambispective cohort study in China
ConclusionThe incidence of IFSI in ICU patients with HABI appeared to be a temporal rising, and our externally validated nomogram will facilitate the development of targeted and timely prevention and control measures based on specific risks of IFSI. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Strategies of Helicobacter pylori in evading host innate and adaptive immunity: insights and prospects for therapeutic targeting
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the predominant pathogen causing chronic gastric mucosal infections globally. During the period from 2011 to 2022, the global prevalence of H. pylori infection was estimated at 43.1%, while in China, it was slightly higher at approximately 44.2%. Persistent colonization by H. pylori can lead to gastritis, peptic ulcers, and malignancies such as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas and gastric adenocarcinomas. Despite eliciting robust immune responses from the host, H. pylori thrives in the gastric mucosa by modulating host immunity, particularly by altering the functions of ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Droplet digital PCR as alternative to microbiological culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection in bovine lymph node tissue samples
This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of a ddPCR assay targeting IS6110 for the detection of MTC DNA in both microbiological culture and fresh lymph node (LN) tissue samples obtained from cattle, in comparison with the established reference standard, the microbiological culture followed by real-time PCR. MethodsThe fresh LNs (N=100) were collected each from a different cattle carcass at the slaughterhouse. The limit of detection of ddPCR-IS6110 was set to 101 copies per 20 μl reaction.ResultsDdPCR-IS6110 detected 44 out of 49 reference-standard positive samples and yielded negative results in 47 out of 51 r...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research