Quality assurance in cellular pathology
This review covers many of the different aspects involved in the quality assurance of cellular pathology reporting in the UK with a focus on gynaecological pathology. Although a minimum level of competence can be assumed upon completion of histopathology training, the maintenance of competency and its assessment throughout a consultant ’s career require continuing professional development (CPD), regular appraisal and revalidation, and participation in external quality assurance schemes. Leaving aside the problem of interobserver variability, the gold standard for assessing diagnostic accuracy is peer review of a consulta...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - July 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Saimah Arif, Jason Wong Tags: Mini-symposium: gynaecological pathology Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 28, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Amyloidosis of the breast
We present a unique and challenging case of amyloidosis of the breast and discuss the practical difficulties encountered. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 24, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Yue Guan, Thomas Benjamin Dytor, Narendra Mungalsingh, Atharina Julai, Derek Roskell Tags: SHORT CASE Source Type: research
Frozen section diagnosis of ovarian epithelial tumours: a practical guide for pathologists
This article will focus on practical issues relating to ovarian epithelial tumours, the most frequent group of tumours submitted for frozen section diagnosis. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Angela Mercy Ralte Tags: Mini-Symposium: Gynaecological pathology Source Type: research
A practical guide to the evaluation of benign endometrial conditions in biopsy and curettage material
Sampling of the endometrium, via biopsy or dilation and curettage, is an important diagnostic tool in a wide variety of clinical scenarios, ranging from infertility and abnormal uterine bleeding to cancer surveillance in high-risk populations. This review describes the most common methods for endometrial sampling used currently and discusses the issue of specimen adequacy from an evidence-based perspective. It also focuses on select benign conditions involving the endometrium in the setting of abnormal uterine bleeding, ranging from anatomic/structural lesions to patterns indicative of a dysfunctional menstrual cycle. (Sou...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 21, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Carlos Parra-Herran Tags: Mini-symposium: gynaecological pathology Source Type: research
A practical guide to reporting vulval inflammatory lesions
Vulval inflammatory dermatosis is a somewhat neglected and poorly understood topic in dermatopathology. Although virtually any inflammatory disorder of the skin can affect the vulva, some of these conditions either have a predilection or are unique to the region. Inflammatory skin conditions which are common elsewhere but are known to occasionally affect the vulva often show unusual histopathological features. Environmental factors like increased moisture and secondary changes related to maceration and lichenification can complicate the underlying pathological process. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 20, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Kristofer Holte, Asok Biswas Tags: Mini-symposium: gynaecological pathology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemistry and molecular testing in gynaecological pathology
The drive for increasingly personalized treatment has demanded more precise pathological diagnoses. While careful morphological assessment remains the mainstay of pathological examination and continues to provide the majority of the required diagnostic information, immunohistochemical and molecular assessment is becoming increasingly important. This review lays out common diagnostic dilemmas in gynaecological pathology and explains how molecular and immunohistochemical techniques can be used to resolve them. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 19, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Matthew Evans Tags: Mini-symposium: gynaecological pathology Source Type: research
Characterisation of a rare hydatidiform mole with aberrant p57 expression
Accurate diagnosis and subclassification of hydatidiform mole (HM) are important to stratify the risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). A combination of histomorphology and ancillary studies including p57 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or molecular genotyping by short tandem repeat analysis enable subclassification of most HM into partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) or complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). Here we report a rare HM with equivocal morphology and discordant p57 expression within individual villi and divergent p57 expression across villi. (Source: Diag...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - June 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Seung Hyun Lee, Lesley McMahon, Lesley Christie Tags: SHORT CASE Source Type: research
PIK3CA mutations in the endocrine organs
PIK3CA encodes a vital component of PI3K-AKT signalling and is commonly mutated in many cancers. Its role has been most well-studied in thyroid neoplasia, demonstrating an association with more aggressive behaviour. The literature surrounding PIK3CA mutations is less well-established in parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary neoplasia. In the parathyroid and adrenal glands it appears more commonly mutated in carcinomas rather than benign neoplasia. In the pituitary, PIK3CA mutations have been identified in neuroendocrine tumours, more commonly in those with invasive growth. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 28, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Elan Hahn Tags: Mini-symposium: Endocrine Pathology: Single-gene Impacts Source Type: research
A review of DICER1: structure, function and contribution to disease
DICER1 is an important housekeeping gene that encodes a multi-domain enzyme that functions in small RNA processing. The enzymatic products function in several pathways including RNA interference, DNA damage repair and antiviral response. At the protein level, endoribonuclease DICER also plays a role in many human illnesses, and much research is being done to clarify the full spectrum of its functions and relation to neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease. Both somatic and germline mutations in DICER1 have been identified, and germline mutations have been associated with at least two named syndromes: DICER1 syndrome and GLOW...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 28, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Karleen M. Meiklejohn, Armine Darbinyan, Andrea L. Barbieri Tags: Mini-symposium: Endocrine Pathology: Single-gene Impacts Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 27, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Genetics in the endocrine system: the impact of the TRK family
Rearrangements in NTRK are rare actionable oncologic drivers in thyroid carcinoma. Although they only represent a small subset of most thyroid carcinoma subtypes, their identification remains important due to the availability of targeted therapy. Trk inhibitors are currently FDA-approved for NTRK-rearranged cancers independent of primary site and represent a crucial additional therapeutic option for patients with advanced or aggressive thyroid cancer. In the thyroid, NTRK-rearranged cancers have been shown to involve all NTRK family members (NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3) as well as a multitude of different partner genes. (Sourc...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 27, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Troy Hutchens, Mena Mansour Tags: Mini-symposium: endocrine pathology: single-gene impacts Source Type: research
Phaeochromocytoma: back to the basics
We present a 53-year-old man who was admitted to ITU with shortness of breath and a massive pulmonary haemorrhage, with a history of new-onset hypertension, and unremarkable examination. CT scanning showed an 8 cm mass in the right adrenal gland, suspected to be a phaeochromocytoma (PHEOs). This was further supported by blood tests and avidity on MIBG radiology. Histological examination of the adrenalectomy and nephrectomy specimen showed a circumscribed tumour composed of small nests of small to medium sized, pale to basophilic cells with features suggestive of a phaeochromocytoma with borderline metastatic risk, and a pa...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 22, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Mohammed Nimir, Bibi Leila Ahmed Tags: Short Case Source Type: research
The role of ARMC5 in adrenal pathology: a brief review
Recent advances in molecular analysis in the past decade have enabled the identification of genes associated with endocrine disease states. ARMC5 is among those genes identified, one which pathologists should know for the purposes of directing care in those patients harboring these variants. This review discusses the role of ARMC5 in adrenal gland pathology, focusing on primary bilateral adrenal cortical macronodular hyperplasia and, specifically, what is known about this disease at this point in time. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - May 20, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Stephen M. Smith Tags: Mini-symposium: endocrine pathology: single-gene impacts Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - April 29, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
