An approach to acute hepatitis on liver biopsy
Acute hepatitis is a clinical term referring to elevated liver biochemistries for less than 6 months duration, and is associated with a wide variety of clinical and histologic manifestations as well as a wide range of etiologies. The role of the pathologist in this setting is to confirm the pattern of injury, provide an etiologic differential diagnosis, and assess degree of injury or fibro sis as prognostic indicators. In the setting of a clinical acute hepatitis, the histologic patterns of injury include: severely active lobular hepatitis (panlobular hepatitis); zone 3 hepatitis; active hepatitis with confluent necrosis...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Angela R. Shih, Anthony R. Mattia Tags: Mini-symposium: Practical approaches to medical liver disease Source Type: research
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also referred to as metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is the commonest form of chronic liver disorder arising from metabolic dysregulation. It encompasses a wide spectrum of fatty liver phenotypes including isolated steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is considered more likely to lead to grave clinical consequences such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, compared to simple steatosis. NASH is characterised by steatosis, inflammation, and damage to hepatocytes. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Seung Hyun Lee, Tu Vinh Luong Tags: Short case Source Type: research
Pathologic features and differential diagnosis of chronic hepatitis
Persistent or relapsing hepatitic liver injury for more than 6 months results in chronic hepatitis, a broad category that includes the most common liver diseases: viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, and fatty liver disease, as well as less common inherited metabolic disorders such as Wilson disease and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficie ncy. Chronic cholestatic liver disease may also progress to advanced fibrosis and can be mistaken for a chronic hepatitis. Histologic features may overlap, especially at an advanced stage, and thus morphologic findings together with the overall clinical context play...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 12, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Won-Tak Choi, Ryan M. Gill Tags: Mini-symposium: Practical approaches to medical liver disease Source Type: research
Small round blue cell sarcomas of bone: an update on classification, pathology and molecular profiling
Small round cell sarcomas of bone are extremely aggressive tumors, most often occurring in children and young adults. Recent genomic discoveries have contributed to the current classification of these tumors. The latest edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone identifies four subcategories each with distinct clinical features and prognostic outcome- Ewing sarcoma with ETS rearrangements and tumors with gene fusions involving EWSR1-non-ETS, CIC -rearranged tumors and sarcoma with BCOR genetic alterations. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 11, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Vaiyapuri Sumathi, Meera Hameed Tags: Mini-symposium: bone pathology Source Type: research
Approach to the liver biopsy diagnosis of adult cholangiopathies
Cholangiopathy refers to a wide spectrum of chronic biliary disorders. Primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis account for the vast majority of cholangiopathies in adult patients. Inflammatory variants of these disorders are often described as overlap syndromes with autoimmune hepatitis. Other cholangiopathies show clinical and histologic features that can mimic primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, and require clinical information as well as a careful assessment of histologic findings to arrive at the correct diagnosis. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 11, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: ILKe Nalbantoglu, Joseph Misdraji Tags: Mini-symposium: Practical approaches to medical liver disease Source Type: research
Giant-cell-rich tumors of bone
Neoplasms of bone with numerous non-neoplastic osteoclast type giant cells are relatively common and exhibit diverse phenotypes of the neoplastic cells. These tumors have a broad spectrum of biological potential which necessitates accurate recognition and diagnosis. Their clinicopathological features are overlapping, therefore, immunohistochemistry and molecular studies may be required for evaluation. Correlation with imaging studies provides additional information that should be incorporated into the pathological interpretation. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 8, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Jeremiah F. Molligan, Andrew E. Rosenberg Tags: Mini-symposium: Bone pathology Source Type: research
Molecular genetics of bone tumors
Bone tumours comprise a heterogenous group of benign and malignant neoplasms primarily involving the bone. They are currently classified based on the type of matrix deposited into cartilaginous tumours, bone forming tumours, fibrous tumors, giant-cell rich tumours, etc. Although histomorphology has been the basis of diagnosis of bone tumours for a long time, recent studies using advanced molecular methodologies has brought about an increased understanding of tumours and has helped in the development of diagnostic markers for some tumours. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 3, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Narasimhan P Agaram Tags: MINI-SYMPOSIUM: BONE PATHOLOGY Source Type: research
Benign and low-grade cartilaginous tumors: an update on differential diagnosis
Cartilaginous neoplasms hold considerable share in the routine diagnostics of bone tumor pathology. Benign cartilage forming tumors, that are in general more frequent than their malignant counterparts, may often pose diagnostic challenges. Distinction of a benign cartilaginous lesion from a low-grade malignant tumor can render difficulties especially in a small biopsy material. Considering the divergent therapeutic and prognostic implications, a careful assessment of histologic, radiologic and clinical findings/features is very important, and an experienced multidisciplinary team is indispensable to achieve an accurate dia...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 1, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: C. Dilara Savci-Heijink, Arjen H.G. Cleven, Judith V.M.G. Bov ée Tags: MINI-SYMPOSIUM: BONE PATHOLOGY Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - October 31, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Benign fibro-osseous tumors of bone: clinicopathological findings and differential diagnosis
Benign fibro-osseous tumors of the skeleton are a diverse group of neoplasms with overlapping histologic features. They are characterized by an admixture of fibroblast-like spindle cells enmeshed in a collagenous stroma admixed with varying quantities of bone that can be deposited in different configurations. Some fibro-osseous tumors are predisposed to develop in specific bones, while others can arise in any bone; they may be solitary or multicentric. The treatment is based on their biological behavior and ranges from observation and medical therapy to surgical removal. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - October 26, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Jaylou M. Velez Torres, Andrew E. Rosenberg Tags: Mini-symposium: Bone Pathology Source Type: research
Pigmented clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue: an important diagnostic mimic
We report a peculiar case of CCSST and discuss the histological, immunohistochemical and molecular features which can aid in accurate diagnosis of this entity. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - October 20, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Solange De Noon, Bernardo Souza Mendes, Adrienne M. Flanagan Tags: Short case Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - October 1, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Brain infections that mimic malignancy
There exists a wide spectrum of non-neoplastic conditions which can mimic a brain tumor, both clinically and radiologically. Central nervous system (CNS) infections are the commonest conditions in this group. CNS infections presenting as space-occupying lesions (SOLs) are not uncommon, especially in developing countries with large populations in the low socio-economic groups. The infective organisms gain entry into the CNS via hematogenous dissemination, seed the parenchyma, cause tissue destruction, expansion and a host tissue response, which all contribute to the formation of SOLs, akin to neoplasms. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - September 25, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Vishwapriya Mahadev Godkhindi, Vidya Monappa, Nikitha Valerina Kairanna, Swati Sharma, Geetha Vasudevan, Karthikeya D. Hebbar Tags: Mini-symposium: Infections that mimic malignancy Source Type: research
Bench to bedside: recent advances in lung cancer pathological research with implications for diagnostic clinical practice
After decades of relative stagnation lung cancer is emerging as a disease type where rapid progress is being made in diagnosis and therapy, as well as in our understanding of disease biology. Much of this progress is of immediate impact to diagnosticians, and more is likely to affect diagnostic practice in the near future. In this review we seek to briefly summarize several key areas of active research of immediate or probable imminent value to trainee and consultant pulmonary pathologists alike. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - September 14, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: David A. Moore, John Le Quesne Tags: Mini-symposium: Research influencing clinical practice Source Type: research
Bench to bedside: research influencing clinical practice in breast cancer
Based on recent evidence derived from clinical trials and translational research, breast cancer pathology has witnessed a rapid increase in the utilization of predictive markers, companion diagnostics and molecular testing for tailored management of patients with breast cancer. New diagnostic entities with specific molecular phenotypes have also been included in the classification of breast cancer. Genomic assays including Oncotype DX ®21-gene Recurrence Score (RS), Prosigna and EndoPredict are currently used in routine practice to guide adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - September 6, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Abeer M Shaaban, Emily C Shaw Tags: Mini-symposium: Research influencing clinical practice Source Type: research
