Applications and implications of whole-slide imaging in breast pathology
This article describes the applications and implications of WSI within the context of the reporting of breast pathology specimens. Challenging diagnostic entities in digital breast pathology are presented and the key areas in which AI could be useful in breast pathology are highlighted. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - December 28, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Rebecca A. Millican-Slater, Emad A. Rakha Tags: Mini-symposium: Breast pathology Source Type: research
Diagnostic pitfalls in needle core biopsy of the breast
Breast core biopsies are a standard component of the triple approach that includes clinical examination, imaging and tissue sampling. Conventional cores, diagnostic vacuum assisted biopsy and vacuum assisted excisions are established methods for sampling and managing breast lesions. It is important to be aware of the potential pitfalls in the technical handling and interpretation of the limited core biopsy samples. Here, we present a clinically oriented, well illustrated overview of the common diagnostic pitfalls based on the author's diagnostic and second opinion practice, emphasize the value of clinicopathological correl...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - December 28, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Abeer M. Shaaban Tags: Mini-symposium: Breast pathology Source Type: research
Vascular neoplasms of the breast
are uncommon and can be challenging to diagnose, particularly in needle biopsies in which it can be difficult to appreciate architectural features. Here, we survey vascular neoplasms of the breast, including perilobular haemangioma, angiolipoma, capillary haemangioma, venous haemangioma, cavernous haemangioma, sinusoidal haemangioma, angiomatosis, atypical post-radiation vascular proliferation, radiation-associated angiosarcoma, and primary mammary angiosarcoma. We emphasise and illustrate key morphologic features, as well as diagnostic pitfalls and recent updates in our understanding of the molecular genetics of these tu...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - December 28, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: David J. Papke, Christopher DM. Fletcher Tags: Mini-symposium: Breast pathology Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - December 10, 2021 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
My approach to intraductal bile duct proliferations
Intraductal proliferations of the bile duct usually involve large bile ducts, and can occur in the intrahepatic, perihilar, and extrahepatic sites. Pre-invasive grossly detectable neoplasms are currently termed as intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPN-B). There is cytologic and architectural heterogeneity between and within these tumors. Based on morphologic differences between intrahepatic and extrahepatic IPN-B, the tumors can be subclassified into Type 1 and Type 2. These neoplasms show a spectrum from low-grade to high-grade dysplasia and can be associated with invasive carcinoma. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - December 3, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Deyali Chatterjee Tags: Mini-symposium: Tumours of the liver and biliary tree Source Type: research
How do I distinguish cholangiocarcinoma from metastatic carcinoma and why does it matter?
The 2019 WHO classification recognizes two morphologic variants of cholangiocarcinoma: 1) small duct type, and, 2) large duct type; the former is associated with IDH1/2 mutations and FGFR2 fusions. Therapies targeting these genetic alterations have recently been approved by the FDA. The liver is a favored site of metastasis in the body, and it is thus imperative to distinguish metastatic adenocarcinoma from cholangiocarcinoma. The traditional diagnostic approach employs immunohistochemical stains to exclude a metastatic carcinoma. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 30, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Monika Vyas, Vikram Deshpande Tags: Mini-symposium: Tumours of the liver and biliary tree Source Type: research
Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a rare biphenotypic primary liver cancer
Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a fascinating and rare primary liver cancer. This biphenotypic neoplasm is characterized by the unequivocal presence of hepatocellular and cholangiocytic histomorphology. Here, we report a case of cHCC-CCA in a 64-year-old man with risk factors for HCC treated with segmentectomy. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 28, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Seung Hyun Lee, Tu Vinh Luong Tags: Short case Source Type: research
Editorial board
(Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 26, 2021 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
My approach to cystic hepatic lesions
While cystic hepatic lesions are frequently encountered in clinical practice, differentiation amongst the various entities can prove difficult if the histologic pitfalls and diagnostic caveats are unknown. Many patients present with vague clinical symptoms and overlapping imaging findings. Herein we discuss the most commonly encountered cystic hepatic lesions including abscesses (pyogenic and amebic), echinococcal cyst, simple hepatic cyst, ciliated hepatic foregut cyst, intrahepatic pseudocyst, mucinous cystic neoplasm, hemangioma, angiosarcoma, multilocular cystic hepatocellular carcinoma, cystic metastatic lesions, hema...
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 26, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Annika Lisbeth Windon, Stuti G. Shroff Tags: Mini-symposium: Tumours of the liver and biliary tree Source Type: research
Diagnostic challenges and risk stratification of hepatocellular adenoma
Hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) are rare hepatocellular neoplasms which usually arise in non-cirrhotic liver, although rarely can arise in the background of chronic liver disease. While the majority of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) are benign and may be managed conservatively, complications like hemorrhage and transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can occur. Risk stratification based on a combination of clinical, radiologic, histologic, and molecular features is necessary for appropriate management. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 25, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Dana Balitzer, Sanjay Kakar Tags: Mini-symposium: Tumours of the liver and biliary tree Source Type: research
Diagnostic approach to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma
Well-differentiated hepatocellular mass-lesions in non-cirrhotic livers have a differential diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia, regenerative hepatic pseudotumors, hepatic adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and fibrolamellar carcinoma. Despite significant advances in characterizing these pseudotumors and tumors, they remain a diagnostic challenge, especially on needle biopsy. This review focuses on a systematic diagnostic approach, one that allows confident diagnosis of these lesions. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 20, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Michael S. Torbenson Tags: Mini-symposium: Tumours of the liver and biliary tree Source Type: research
An update on cutaneous tumours with neural differentiation
Cutaneous peripheral nerve sheath tumours are diverse proliferations of neuroectodermal origin ranging from benign, atypical to clearly malignant. In this update we review the clinico-pathological features supplemented by recent molecular genetic data of a variety of peripheral nerve sheath tumours arising primarily in the skin, including epithelial sheath neuroma, nerve sheath myxoma, schwannoma variants, neurofibroma variants, hybrid tumours, perineurioma, malignant melanotic schwannian tumour and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (classical and epithelioid). (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 10, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Bo štjan Luzar, Daja Šekoranja Tags: Mini-symposium: Cutaneous soft tissue tumours Source Type: research
Cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma and its mimics
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a human herpes virus-8 (HHV8) – associated vasoformative lesion affecting the skin, mucosae, and viscera. Conventional cutaneous KS manifests with patch, plaque, or nodular lesions, with each subtype exhibiting distinctive histomorphology. Recent decades, however, have revealed a broader histological spectrum of KS in the skin . Recognition of the wide range of microscopic variants of KS and their individual mimics is essential for correct diagnosis. This is enhanced by careful clinico-pathological correlation and the utilisation of appropriate ancillary investigations. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 9, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Reubina Wadee, Wayne Grayson Tags: Mini-Symposium: Cutaneous soft tissue tumours Source Type: research
An update on cutaneous vascular tumours
The classification of vascular lesions is complex. There is a slight overlap between reactive, developmental and benign vascular tumours, and some conditions defy precise classification. This review follows the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of cutaneous vascular tumors and provides the framework for a systematic study, incorporating as many recent advances in molecular and immunohistochemical diagnostics as possible at this moment in time. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 5, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Zlatko Maru šić, Agnes Pekar-Lukacs, Eduardo Calonje Tags: Mini-Symposium: Cutaneous soft tissue tumours Source Type: research
Pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma: a case report and overview of a potential diagnostic pitfall
We report an unusual case of PHE with aggressive behaviour and provide an overview of this unique entity, discussing important differential diagnoses and highlighting key histological, immunohistochemical and genetic features which aid in its accurate diagnosis. (Source: Diagnostic Histopathology)
Source: Diagnostic Histopathology - November 2, 2021 Category: Pathology Authors: Solange De Noon, Fernanda Amary Tags: Short case Source Type: research
