The impact of altered lamin B1 levels on nuclear lamina structure and function in aging and human diseases
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102257. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102257. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe role of lamin B1 in human health and aging has attracted increasing attention as mounting evidence reveals its significance in diverse cellular processes. Both upregulation and downregulation of lamin B1 have been implicated in age-associated organ dysfunctions and various human diseases, including central nervous system disorders. Additionally, lamin B1 levels undergo alterations in cancer cells, and a tumor-specific association exists between lamin B1 abundance and cancer aggressiveness. Investigating the connecti...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Youngjo Kim Source Type: research
Interplay of dynamic genome organization and biomolecular condensates
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102252. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102252. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfter 60 years of chromatin investigation, our understanding of chromatin organization has evolved from static chromatin fibers to dynamic nuclear compartmentalization. Chromatin is embedded in a heterogeneous nucleoplasm in which molecules are grouped into distinct compartments, partitioning nuclear space through phase separation. Human genome organization affects transcription which controls euchromatin formation by excluding inactive chromatin. Chromatin condensates have been described as either liquid-like or solid-...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Yu-Chieh Chung Li-Chun Tu Source Type: research
Functional domains of nuclear long noncoding RNAs: Insights into gene regulation and intracellular architecture
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102250. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102250. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecent functional research on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has revealed their significant regulatory roles in gene expression and intracellular architecture. Well-characterized examples of such lncRNAs include Xist and NEAT1_2, which play critical roles in heterochromatin formation of inactive X-chromosomes and paraspeckle assembly, in mammalian cells. Both lncRNAs possess modular domain structures with multiple functionally distinct domains that serve as platforms for specific RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which dictat...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chikashi Obuse Tetsuro Hirose Source Type: research
Regulation of immune cell development, differentiation and function by stromal Notch ligands
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102256. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102256. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn multicellular organisms, cell-to-cell communication is critical for the regulation of tissue organization. Notch signaling relies on direct interactions between Notch receptors on signal-receiving cells and Notch ligands on adjacent cells. Notch evolved to mediate local cellular interactions that are responsive to spatial cues via dosage-sensitive short-lived signals. Immune cells utilize these unique properties of Notch signaling to direct their development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we explore ...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Michael Schneider Anneka Allman Ivan Maillard Source Type: research
De novo hematopoietic (stem) cell generation - A differentiation or stochastic process?
This article touches upon these important issues, which may be relevant to the field's inability to make HSCs ex vivo.PMID:37806296 | DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102255 (Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology)
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chris S Vink Anna Popravko Elaine Dzierzak Source Type: research
The impact of altered lamin B1 levels on nuclear lamina structure and function in aging and human diseases
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102257. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102257. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe role of lamin B1 in human health and aging has attracted increasing attention as mounting evidence reveals its significance in diverse cellular processes. Both upregulation and downregulation of lamin B1 have been implicated in age-associated organ dysfunctions and various human diseases, including central nervous system disorders. Additionally, lamin B1 levels undergo alterations in cancer cells, and a tumor-specific association exists between lamin B1 abundance and cancer aggressiveness. Investigating the connecti...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Youngjo Kim Source Type: research
Interplay of dynamic genome organization and biomolecular condensates
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102252. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102252. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfter 60 years of chromatin investigation, our understanding of chromatin organization has evolved from static chromatin fibers to dynamic nuclear compartmentalization. Chromatin is embedded in a heterogeneous nucleoplasm in which molecules are grouped into distinct compartments, partitioning nuclear space through phase separation. Human genome organization affects transcription which controls euchromatin formation by excluding inactive chromatin. Chromatin condensates have been described as either liquid-like or solid-...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Yu-Chieh Chung Li-Chun Tu Source Type: research
Functional domains of nuclear long noncoding RNAs: Insights into gene regulation and intracellular architecture
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102250. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102250. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecent functional research on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has revealed their significant regulatory roles in gene expression and intracellular architecture. Well-characterized examples of such lncRNAs include Xist and NEAT1_2, which play critical roles in heterochromatin formation of inactive X-chromosomes and paraspeckle assembly, in mammalian cells. Both lncRNAs possess modular domain structures with multiple functionally distinct domains that serve as platforms for specific RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which dictat...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chikashi Obuse Tetsuro Hirose Source Type: research
Regulation of immune cell development, differentiation and function by stromal Notch ligands
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 6;85:102256. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102256. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn multicellular organisms, cell-to-cell communication is critical for the regulation of tissue organization. Notch signaling relies on direct interactions between Notch receptors on signal-receiving cells and Notch ligands on adjacent cells. Notch evolved to mediate local cellular interactions that are responsive to spatial cues via dosage-sensitive short-lived signals. Immune cells utilize these unique properties of Notch signaling to direct their development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we explore ...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Michael Schneider Anneka Allman Ivan Maillard Source Type: research
De novo hematopoietic (stem) cell generation - A differentiation or stochastic process?
This article touches upon these important issues, which may be relevant to the field's inability to make HSCs ex vivo.PMID:37806296 | DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102255 (Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology)
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chris S Vink Anna Popravko Elaine Dzierzak Source Type: research
Mechanotransduction pathways in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 5;85:102245. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102245. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for cells and mediates cell-stromal communications. In addition to ECM proteins, mechanical force exerted from the ECM serves as a critical regulator of many biological processes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process by which epithelial cells loosen their cellular junctions and migrate and invade in a more mesenchymal fashion. Recent studies show that increasing ECM stiffness can impinge on cellular signaling pathways through mechanotran...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Calista A Horta Khoa Doan Jing Yang Source Type: research
The interplay of nuclear pores and lipids
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 4;85:102251. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102251. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate the bidirectional transport of cargo across the nuclear envelope (NE). NPCs are also membrane remodeling machines with a capacity to curve and fuse the membranes of the NE. However, little is known about the interplay of NPCs and lipids at a mechanistic level. A full understanding of NPC structure and function needs to encompass how the NPC shapes membranes and is itself shaped by lipids. Here we attempt to connect recent findings in NPC research with the broader field of membrane b...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Edvinas Stankunas Alwin K öhler Source Type: research
Mechanotransduction pathways in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 5;85:102245. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102245. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for cells and mediates cell-stromal communications. In addition to ECM proteins, mechanical force exerted from the ECM serves as a critical regulator of many biological processes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process by which epithelial cells loosen their cellular junctions and migrate and invade in a more mesenchymal fashion. Recent studies show that increasing ECM stiffness can impinge on cellular signaling pathways through mechanotran...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Calista A Horta Khoa Doan Jing Yang Source Type: research
The interplay of nuclear pores and lipids
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 4;85:102251. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102251. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate the bidirectional transport of cargo across the nuclear envelope (NE). NPCs are also membrane remodeling machines with a capacity to curve and fuse the membranes of the NE. However, little is known about the interplay of NPCs and lipids at a mechanistic level. A full understanding of NPC structure and function needs to encompass how the NPC shapes membranes and is itself shaped by lipids. Here we attempt to connect recent findings in NPC research with the broader field of membrane b...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Edvinas Stankunas Alwin K öhler Source Type: research
Physical forces modulate interphase nuclear size
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Oct 4;85:102253. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102253. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe eukaryotic nucleus exhibits remarkable plasticity in size, adjusting dynamically to changes in cellular conditions such as during development and differentiation, and across species. Traditionally, the supply of structural constituents to the nuclear envelope has been proposed as the principal determinant of nuclear size. However, recent experimental and theoretical analyses have provided an alternative perspective, which emphasizes the crucial role of physical forces such as osmotic pressure and chromatin repulsion...
Source: Current Opinion in Cell Biology - October 6, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Yuki Hara Source Type: research
