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Ajustement psychologique en première année universitaire: Identification de profils longitudinaux en lien avec la satisfaction et la frustration des besoins psychologiques de base.
Conclusion: The results emphasize that reducing needs frustration represents a possible driver of action to encourage positive psychological adjustment in a university context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science)
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 28, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Catch 21: An examination of the effect of mandatory continuing education on training practices of Quebec psychologists.
Continuing education (CE) is a valued and widely promoted practice across the helping professions. Despite this, investigation into the CE practices of Canadian psychologists is lacking. In particular, it remains unclear whether making CE mandatory, as opposed to voluntary, has positive effects on the practices of these professionals. The enactment in 2012 of Bill 21 in Quebec, which imposes 90 mandatory hours of CE every 5 years for psychologists who practice psychotherapy, provides an excellent opportunity to examine the effects of making CE mandatory. The present study examined CE practices of psychologists pre- and pos...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 25, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Validation d’échelles françaises mesurant les motivations à boire au sein de la population étudiante générale et sportive.
This research introduces the French validation of tools for measuring motivation to drink, a variable of major interest in understanding drinking behaviour. The best-known models in this field are the Motivational Model of Alcohol Use by Cox and Klinger (1988, 1990) and the Four-Factor Model by Cooper (1994). At present, there is no French tool based on those models. As a remedy, this article presents a translation of two questionnaires that are widely used to measure motivations to drink, particularly among the student population, a group recognized to be at greater risk of alcoholism. The first tool is concerned with mot...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 21, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A multilevel investigation of individual and residence risk factors on student drinking.
Living on-campus is a risk factor for heavy drinking and alcohol-related harm. However, there is considerable variability in drinking rates and harm across students and across living units on campuses. Multilevel models were used to investigate the independent and cross-level interactive effects of individual characteristics (personality, motives, perceived norms) and residence characteristics (social density, room type, gender distribution, number of Residence Assistants) as predictors of student alcohol outcomes. Participants were first-year students (N = 651; 71% girls) living in one of five on-campus housing units at a...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 21, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

French or Québécois? How speaker accents shape implicit and explicit intergroup attitudes among francophones in Montréal.
The perception of accented speech creates a number of biases, but experimental evidence about their nature and the factors at play in these processes is scarce. The present study focused on francophone populations in Montreal, assessing implicit and explicit accent-based attitudes between Québécois (French Canadian) and European French groups. Twenty-seven Québécois and 31 French participants were administered a modified Implicit Association Test using Québécois- and French-accented speech samples and Stereotype Content questionnaires about the perceived warmth and competence of each group. For the implicit measure, ...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 21, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Is the messenger the message? Canadian political affiliation and other predictors of mask wearing frequency & attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
We examined the associations between people’s political affiliation, psychological reactance, pre-existing risk factors, attitudes about the pandemic’s severity, attitudes about mask mandates, and public mask-wearing frequency. Growth curve analyses indicated that, over time, Canadians’ mask-wearing frequency and attitudes supporting mask mandates both increased. Those who perceived the pandemic as more serious had higher initial levels of both positive attitudes about mask mandates and mask-wearing frequency. Political affiliation was an important predictor of mask mandate attitudes, but only after May 20th, 2020: T...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - September 13, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Mindfulness facets and self-compassion as moderators of the relationship between occupational stressors and mental health symptoms in Canadian police officers.
The objective of the present study is to examine whether trait mindfulness facets (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, nonjudging, and nonreactivity) and self-compassion moderate the relationship between operational and organizational stressors with stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in a sample of Canadian police officers. Canadian police officers (n = 130) completed online self-report measures assessing their levels of operational and organizational stressors, trait mindfulness and self-compassion, and stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Moderation analyses indicated that the nonjudging facet ...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - September 9, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Racial bias and lethal force errors among Canadian police officers.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, Vol 55(2), Apr 2023, 130-141; doi:10.1037/cbs0000296Scientific examination of racial disparities in police shootings shows conflicting evidence of anti-Black, anti-White, or no racial bias. Experimental studies that attempt to control for extraneous factors often lack ecological validity and have inconsistent approaches for measuring racial bias. Given the mounting outcry for police reform, including recommendations for racial bias screening and training, clarifying the relationship between observable lethal force behaviors and implici...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - August 16, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Indicateurs de suivi de progrès en thérapie et changements dans la santé mentale des clients : Le cas des Francophones en milieu minoritaire.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, Vol 54(4), Oct 2022, 341-346; doi:10.1037/cbs0000276Formal monitoring of a patient’s progress in therapy by means of indicators of progress monitoring has improved therapeutic effectiveness by increasing rates of retention and adherence to treatment, as well as reducing negative results of therapy. However, Francophone clinicians have access to only a limited number of tools with demonstrated psychometric properties. This longitudinal study seeks to document the effectiveness of French versions of various indicators of progress monit...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Indicateurs de suivi de progrès en thérapie et changements dans la santé mentale des clients : Le cas des Francophones en milieu minoritaire.
Formal monitoring of a patient’s progress in therapy by means of indicators of progress monitoring has improved therapeutic effectiveness by increasing rates of retention and adherence to treatment, as well as reducing negative results of therapy. However, Francophone clinicians have access to only a limited number of tools with demonstrated psychometric properties. This longitudinal study seeks to document the effectiveness of French versions of various indicators of progress monitoring, specifically, Outcome Questionnaire- 45 (OQ-45), Outcome Rating Scale (ORS), Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-24), Cli...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

TMI? Accompanying details impact statements’ perceived veracity.
Deception is a ubiquitous part of human interaction. However, discriminating between truthful and deceptive statements is an arduous task. Research has shown that truthful and deceptive accounts vary the type of content provided, suggesting that verbal cues are a diagnostic approach when discerning statement veracity. The present studies examine participants’ expectations regarding what content is believed to be present in both truthful and deceptive statements. Specifically, we examined how different types of accompanying information impact statement believability. Participants read statements that varied in the content...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research