Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

On the quest for quality self-report data: HEXACO and indicators of careless responding.
Careless responding is an ongoing concern for social science researchers, especially with the rising popularity of online data collection. In this article, we examine personality trait predictors of careless responding and explore the relationships between various subjective and objective indicators of carelessness. Data were collected from two samples (N = 470 and N = 822) where participants rated a large number of items and completed the HEXACO-PI-R. The subjective and objective indicators of data quality were related to five HEXACO traits—in particular conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness—and were correlat...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - February 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Explaining support for post-secondary educational funding for indigenous students.
A concerning post-secondary education gap exists between Indigenous and non-Indigenous individuals in Canada. One program designed to help address this issue, the Post-Secondary Student Support Program (PSSSP), provides eligible First Nations students with post-secondary education funding. Although such programs are beneficial, it is unclear how much Canadians support public funding of Indigenous education and whether psychological research can help explain why some may endorse or oppose it. Thus, using the PSSSP as an example, we examined five possible psychological predictors of public support: personal prejudice toward ...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - February 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Nudging to increase hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic: A field experiment.
The COVID-19 pandemic has made a significant impact on citizens all around the world. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, one of the most important measures is practicing hand hygiene. We see nudging, a technique from behavioural economics, as a possible way to increase hand hygiene without relying on mandatory measures. In this field experiment, we test two nudge types that previously have been applied successfully, a salience nudge and a gain frame nudge, in a new context (i.e., shopping street). Four hundred nineteen shoppers were observed during a counterbalanced experiment in three stores, where a disinfectan...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - November 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Habitual, but not momentary, avoidance strategy use moderates the association between disgust sensitivity and affective response to a disgust-inducing film clip.
Habitually avoiding disgust-eliciting stimuli may lead to a stronger connection between negative appraisals (i.e., disgust sensitivity) and experiences of disgust. We tested if the use of experiential avoidance or expressive suppression moderated the association between disgust sensitivity and disgust ratings. Sixty-seven female undergraduate students reported disgust sensitivity and their habitual use of experiential avoidance and expressive suppression. Participants viewed a disgust-eliciting video and reported disgust levels before and after. The interactions between disgust sensitivity and habitual experiential avoidan...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - November 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The quest for workplace gender equality in the 21st century: Where do we stand and how can we continue to make strides?
Gender equality issues have witnessed an unprecedented public interest and social debate in the second decade of the 21st century. Yet, despite this attention and many gender-related social movements, gender inequality persists, especially in the workplace. We believe that industrial-organisational (I-O) psychology and management scholars have the unique expertise to tackle these issues by conducting innovative research in this area and contributing insights into the current public discourse and policymaking. To encourage more work in this area and stimulate an innovative agenda for future workplace gender equality work, w...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - October 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Identity processing styles and quality of life in head and neck cancer.
This study examined IPSs, commitment to identity, and their relationship to psychosocial outcomes in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors. Sixty patients (age: M = 57.4, SD = 9.9) were recruited from an HNC outpatient clinic. Participants were at least 1 year posttreatment, on medical follow up, and free of recurrence. All participants completed questionnaires assessing IPS, quality of life (QoL), anxiety and depression, positive and negative perceptions of illness impact, and body image concerns. Correlational analyses showed that commitment to identity was significantly related to higher QoL, illness impact, and anxiety....
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - September 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Do Canadian and U.S. American handgun owners differ?
This study of male Canadian (n = 475) and U.S. (n = 425) handgun owners addresses 2 questions: (a) Are there differences in gun-related motivation and behaviour patterns; and (b) does the Model of Defensive Gun Ownership of Stroebe, Leander, and Kruglanski (2017) fit data of Canadian handgun gun owners? U.S. and Canadian gun cultures are supposed to be different: Unlike most U.S. gun owners, Canadian gun owners are not assumed to purchase guns for self-defense because they trust their government to protect them against crime. Although Canadian and U.S. handgun owners differed in their gun-related motivation and behaviour p...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - September 3, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Stakeholder perspectives on internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for public safety personnel: A qualitative analysis.
Public safety personnel (PSP)—including border security agents, correctional workers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, and police—have elevated rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. In its Action Plan on Posttraumatic Stress Injuries, the Government of Canada reported that many PSP are unable to access treatment for mental health problems. The Action Plan identified internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) as a treatment that can improve access to care for PSP. Nevertheless, little is known about how PSP perceive ICBT and what tailoring PSP deem important to address their needs. W...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - August 27, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Workplace violence and psychopathology in paramedics and firefighters: Mediated by posttraumatic cognitions.
Paramedics and firefighters have an elevated risk for developing psychopathology, yet much is unknown about why this occurs. One contributor may involve exposure to high levels of workplace violence associated with unpredictable and dangerous work environments. Further, appraising such events in a negative, maladaptive fashion may exacerbate the psychological impacts of workplace violence. Accordingly, the purposes of the current study were to examine the relationship of workplace violence to psychopathology in first responders and investigate how posttraumatic cognitions may mediate this relationship. A convenience sample...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - August 27, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Binge eating and problem gambling are prospectively associated with common and distinct deficits in emotion regulation among community women.
To elucidate similarities and differences between binge eating and a behavioural addiction, this prospective study compared facets of emotion regulation that were associated with problem gambling, the only formally recognised behavioural addiction, and binge eating. Community-based women (N = 202) who engaged in at-risk binge eating (n = 79), at-risk gambling (n = 36), or both (n = 87) completed four online assessments over 6 months. Baseline and 6-month surveys assessed self-reported emotion dysregulation (using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS] and UPPS-P), binge eating (using the Eating Disorder Examin...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Physically isolated but socially connected: Psychological adjustment and stress among adolescents during the initial COVID-19 crisis.
We are facing an unprecedented time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures have been taken to reduce the spread of the virus, including school closures and widespread lockdowns. Physical isolation combined with economic instability, fear of infection, and uncertainty for the future has had a profound impact on global mental health. For adolescents, the effects of this stress may be heightened due to important developmental characteristics. Canadian adolescents (n = 1,054; Mage = 16.68, SD = 0.78) completed online surveys and responded to questions on stress surrounding the COVID-19 crisis, feelings of loneliness and depres...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 16, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Élaboration d’une échelle d’épanouissement psychologique en milieu de travail (ÉÉPMT) et examen de ses qualités psychométriques.
This research aims to develop a personal flourishing psychological scale specific to the occupational context and then examine its metrological qualities. The scale, composed of eight verbal items, is an adaptation to the occupational context of the Flourishing Scale made by Diener et al. (2010), validated in French by Villieux, Sovet, Jung and Guilbert (2016). A total of 405 French employees completed the scale. Results show good internal consistency (omega higher than .75) and satisfactory temporal stability (r = .90). The examination of the factor structure of the scale suggests a one-dimensional structure. Finally, the...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - July 16, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A longitudinal analysis of psychological distress among healthcare workers following patient violence.
This study sought to document the evolution of psychological distress in a sample of recently victimized professionals (N = 81) immediately after the event and over the course of the following year. Mixed modelling was used to assess distress scores at 4 different time points (3, 11, 27, and 52 weeks). Findings suggest that patient violence had a serious impact on staff mental health, with close to 35% of women and 11% of men suffering from severe distress after returning to work. In addition, 15% of participants exceeded the diagnostic threshold for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD). Rates of psychological distress decreased st...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - June 4, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Smiling to tolerate distress: The moderating role of attention to emotion.
Deficits in distress tolerance and heightened attention to emotion (ATE) have been linked to borderline personality disorder (BPD). Research has suggested that facial feedback, the bidirectional relationship between facial expression and experienced affect, may enhance distress tolerance; however, such enhancement relative to BPD features and ATE remains unclear. To clarify this relationship, the current study examined (a) effects of a facial feedback manipulation on distress tolerance and emotional reactivity, and (b) BPD feature severity and ATE as potential moderators of these effects. University students (N = 109) comp...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - May 18, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Validating an efficient measure of responsivity in father–child interactions.
Responsivity in parent–child interactions is thought to be a key factor in supporting children’s early learning and development. Despite the empirically demonstrated importance of fathers for children’s development, most of the assessment tools for responsivity have not been validated on fathers, and many are too time consuming to utilize at the population level. The aim of this study was to validate an efficient (8-min) observational measure of responsivity in a sample of 155 fathers and their children (ages 5–12). The Responsive Interactions for Learning (RIFL) measure has been previously validated in mother–ch...
Source: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science - May 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research