American Journal of Clinical Nutrition This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Reply to T Kalayjian and EC Westman
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute10.13039/100000050NIH T32HL007034Stanford Clinical Translational ScienceNIH UL1TR001085TL1R001085Stanford Diabetes Research Center10.13039/100014499NIH P30DK116074 (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 26, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Re: Effect of a ketogenic diet versus Mediterranean diet on glycated hemoglobin in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the interventional Keto-Med randomized crossover trial
Dear Editor: (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 26, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Seaweed proteins are nutritionally valuable components in the human diet
ABSTRACTThe global population is expected to reach 11 billion people by the year 2100 and will require sustainable sources of dietary protein. Most dietary protein originates from animal and terrestrial plant agriculture, which leads to deforestation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Discovering alternative protein sources that are nutritionally adequate for the human diet without harmful environmental effects is imperative. Seaweeds are a promising option as they produce abundant protein with a low carbon footprint. Experimental evidence shows that seaweeds contain high concentrations of the essential amino ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 12, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Prunes preserve hip bone mineral density in a 12-month randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal women: the Prune Study
ConclusionsA 50-g daily dose of prunes can prevent loss of total hip BMD in postmenopausal women after 6 mo, which persisted for 12 mo. Given that there was high compliance and retention at the 50-g dosage over 12 mo, we propose that the 50-g dose represents a valuable nonpharmacologic treatment strategy that can be used to preserve hip BMD in postmenopausal women and possibly reduce hip fracture risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02822378. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 11, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

The Effect of Fiber Supplementation on Chronic Constipation in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
ConclusionsFiber supplementation is effective at improving constipation. Particularly, psyllium, doses>10  g/d and treatment durations of at least 4 weeks appear optimal, though caution is needed when interpreting the results due to considerable heterogeneity. These findings provide promising evidence on the optimal type and regime of fiber supplementation, which could be used to standardize recommenda tions to patients. The protocol for this review is registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020191404. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 11, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Calcium and magnesium in drinking water and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke —a population-based cohort study
ConclusionsDrinking water with a high concentration of calcium and magnesium, particularly magnesium, may lower the risk of stroke in postmenopausal women. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 11, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Discordance between postprandial plasma glucose measurement and continuous glucose monitoring
ConclusionsWe discovered discordance between gold standard, fingerstick, and CGM in measuring plasma glucose concentrations after a meal. Consequently, emerging applications of CGM in healthy individuals, such as precision nutrition and diabetes onset prediction, may need to account for these discordances.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04928872. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 1, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Recreational physical activity before and during pregnancy and placental DNA methylation —an epigenome-wide association study
ConclusionsRecreational PA in the year prior and during pregnancy was associated with placental DNA methylation. The associated CpG sites varied based on timing of PA. If replicated, the findings may inform the mechanisms underlying the impacts of PA on placenta health. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00912132. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 30, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Mediators of weight change in underserved patients with obesity: exploratory analyses from the Promoting Successful Weight Loss in Primary Care in Louisiana (PROPEL) cluster-randomized trial
ConclusionsIn an underserved sample, weight change induced by an ILI compared with UC was mediated by several psychological and behavioral variables. These findings could help refine weight management regimens in underserved patients with obesity.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02561221. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 28, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Individualized high dairy protein  + walking program supports bone health in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial
ConclusionsHigher maternal dietary protein and calcium intakes than usual care in concert with normal vitamin D status minimized bone resorption and maintained bone formation and may protect bone health during pregnancy.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01689961. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 27, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

A healthy plant –based diet is favorably associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among participants of South Asian ancestry
ConclusionsA higher intake of healthful plant –based foods was associated with a favorable cardiometabolic risk profile. Dietary recommendations to lower chronic disease risks among participants of South Asian ancestry should focus on the quality of plant-based foods. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 22, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Associations between plasma tryptophan and indole-3-propionic acid levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that plasma tryptophan and IPA levels are significantly associated with decreased risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic values of tryptophan and IPA levels on the risks of mortality among patients with CAD. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 21, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Effects of a low FODMAP diet on the colonic microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis
ConclusionsIn patients with IBS, the effects of a low FODMAP diet on the colonic microbiome appear to be specific to Bifidobacteria with no consistent impacts on other microbiome metrics, including diversity, fecal SCFA concentrations, and fecal pH. Further, adequately powered trials are needed to confirm these findings.This review was registered athttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ as CRD42020192243. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 21, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Tryptophan oxidation in young children with environmental enteric dysfunction classified by the lactulose rhamnose ratio
ConclusionsThe static plasma KTR value is not a good indicator of the dynamic Trp flux down its oxidative pathway. In a poor sanitary environment, children without EED actually have a faster Kyn synthesis rate, which might be beneficial, because of the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory functions of downstream metabolites. This study was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India as CTRI/2017/02/007921. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 14, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Comparison between the Brazilian and 3 international gestational weight gain charts
ConclusionsThe charts differ in GWG trajectories, especially for women with overweight and obesity. The 4 charts had low predictive ability of SGA and LGA births and should not be considered as isolated screening tools for those outcomes. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - June 8, 2022 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research