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Corrigendum to Reis et al. Influence of vitamin D status on hospital length of stay and prognosis in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021;114(2):598 –604.
Address correspondence to RMRP (e-mail:rosamariarp@yahoo.com). (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 2, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Interindividual variability in weight loss in the treatment of obesity
Dear Editor: (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 2, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Corrigendum to Kaegi-Braun et al. Value of handgrip strength to predict clinical outcomes and therapeutic response in malnourished medical inpatients: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021;114(2)731 –40.
Address correspondence to NK-B (e-mail:nina.kaegi@ksa.ch). (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 2, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Reply to A Laila
Dear Editor: (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 2, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Limitations in the “homeoviscous adaptation to dietary lipids” model
Dear Editor: (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 2, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

A food-level substitution analysis assessing the impact of replacing regular-fat dairy with lower fat dairy on saturated fat intake at a population level in Canada
ConclusionsThis food-based substitution modeling analysis suggests that SFA intakes at a population level are slightly reduced if all regular-fat dairy products consumed by Canadians were replaced by a lower fat dairy product. Approximately half of the population would still consume SFAs in excess of 10%E even if all regular-fat dairy consumed were replaced by lower fat dairy. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 28, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Time to achieve delivery of nutrition targets is associated with clinical outcomes in critically ill children
ConclusionsAchieving 60% of energy or protein delivery targets within the first 7 d after PICU admission is associated with lower 60-d mortality in mechanically ventilated children, and is not associated with a greater incidence of infections or a reduction in VFDs compared to later achievement of targets. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03223038. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 28, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

The effects of resveratrol supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
ConclusionsCurrent evidence does not support supplementation with resveratrol for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T2D, MetS, and NAFLD. In the case of HbA1c, subject to the limitations such as short-term follow-up and small sample size, there was a clinically important effect. The protocol of the present systematic review was registered in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/ake85; registration doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/AKE85). (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 28, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Impact of scaling up prenatal nutrition interventions on human capital outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a modeling analysis
ConclusionIncreasing coverage of prenatal nutrition interventions in LMIC may lead to substantial gains in schooling and lifetime income. Decision makers should consider the potential long-term human capital returns of investments in maternal nutrition. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 28, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Perspective: When the cure might become the malady: the layering of multiple interventions with mandatory micronutrient fortification of foods in India
ABSTRACTWhen public health programs with single nutrients are perceived to have a poor impact on the target health outcome, the policy response can be tosupply more, by layering additional mandatory programs upon the extant programs. However, we argue for extreme caution, because nutrients (like medicines) are beneficial in the right dose, but potentially harmful when ingested in excess. Unnecessary motivations for the reactionary layering of multiple intervention programs emerge from incorrect measurements of the risk of nutrient inadequacy in the population, or incorrect biomarker cutoffs to evaluate the extent of nutrie...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 28, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary CTX, is influenced by vitamin D supplementation and is associated with maternal bone health: findings from the Maternal Vitamin D Osteoporosis Study (MAVIDOS) trial
ConclusionsMaternal urinary CTX, a bone resorption marker, rises through pregnancy, although to a lesser degree with gestational cholecalciferol supplementation, and is inversely associated with maternal bone mass postpartum.This trial was registered atwww.isrctn.com as ISRCTN 82927713 andeudract.ema.europa.eu as EudraCT 2007-001716-23. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 23, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Metabolomics of the tryptophan –kynurenine degradation pathway and risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure: potential modification effect of Mediterranean diet
ConclusionsWe found that tryptophan –kynurenine pathway metabolites were prospectively associated with higher HF risk and to a lesser extent with AF risk. Moreover, an effect modification by MedDiet was observed for the association between plasma baseline kynurenine-related metabolites and the risk of HF, showing that the positive a ssociation of increased levels of these metabolites and HF was restricted to the control group. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Unrestrained eating behavior and risk of digestive system cancers: a prospective cohort study
ConclusionsUnrestrained eating behavior was independently associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers. The potential importance of unrestrained eating behavior modification in preventing gastrointestinal tract cancers should be noted. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Neither low salivary amylase activity, cooling cooked white rice, nor single nucleotide polymorphisms in starch-digesting enzymes reduce glycemic index or starch digestibility: a randomized, crossover trial in healthy adults
ConclusionsThe results do not support the hypotheses that low-SAA, cooling, and common genetic variations in starch-digesting enzymes affect the glycemic index or in vivo carbohydrate digestibility of cooked polished rice. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03667963. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Nutrient composition of preterm mother's milk and factors that influence nutrient content
ConclusionsOur study is among the first to characterize breast milk composition from women who delivered extremely preterm infants and adds to the evidence that race, gestational age, and volume influence the composition of preterm mother's milk. These factors should be considered when designing mother's milk –based feeds for premature infants. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - July 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research