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Postdiagnostic dairy products intake and colorectal cancer survival in US males and females
ConclusionsTotal dairy products intake did not show significant association with CRC-specific or overall mortality. However, high intake of high-fat dairy products was associated with increased mortality, whereas low-fat dairy was associated with lower risk of overall mortality. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Does supplementation with leucine-enriched protein alone and in combination with fish-oil-derived n –3 PUFA affect muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle protein synthesis in well-nourished older adults? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
ConclusionsContrary to our hypothesis, we did not observe a beneficial effect of LEU-PRO supplementation alone or combined with LC  n–3 PUFA supplementation on appendicular lean mass, strength, physical performance or MyoPS in older adults at risk of sarcopenia. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT03429491. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Measuring calf circumference: a practical tool to predict skeletal muscle mass via adjustment with BMI
See corresponding article onpage 1679. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Trimethylamine N-oxide variation in humans: the product of a diet –microbiota interaction?
See corresponding article onpage 1503. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

The “drive to eat” hypothesis: energy expenditure and fat-free mass but not adiposity are associated with milk intake and energy intake in 12 week infants
ConclusionsAs in adults, MI and EI in young infants were strongly associated with FFM and with total and sleeping components of energy expenditure, but not with fatness. The infant's growth drive contributed to these associations. This suggests that appetite is regulated by the rate of energy expenditure, the size of energy-using tissues, and tissue deposition rate, and that the high levels of body fat characteristic of infants may not constrain weight gain. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Adequate protein intake in older adults in the context of frailty: cross-sectional results of the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2014 –2017
ConclusionMedian protein intake in robust Taiwanese older adults was approximately 1.2 g/kg BW/d, with higher mean values. The protein adequate intake in Taiwanese older adults was higher than the current recommended daily allowance (RDA) level but within the RDA range derived from the state-of art indicator amino acid oxidation technique. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Test-retest reliability of functional MRI food receipt, anticipated receipt, and picture tasks
ConclusionsResults underscore the importance of examining the temporal reliability of fMRI tasks and call for the development and use of well-validated standardized fMRI tasks in eating- and obesity-related studies that can provide more reliable measures of neural activation. The trials were registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT02084836, NCT01949636, NCT03261050, and NCT03375853. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Neuroplasticity and the role of exercise and diet on cognition
See corresponding article onpage 1428. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Low FODMAP (fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyol) diet goes global
See corresponding article onpage 1531. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Pushing the boundaries of precision nutrition to tackle Alzheimer's disease: is there a role for DHA?
See corresponding article onpage 1627. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with cardiovascular manifestations: to treat or not to treat
See corresponding article onpage 1157. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Remodeling of the gut microbiome during Ramadan-associated intermittent fasting
ConclusionsIntermittent fasting provokes substantial remodeling of the gut microbiome. The intermittent fasting –provoked upregulation of butyric acid–producing Lachnospiraceae provides an obvious possible mechanistic explanation for health effects associated with intermittent fasting. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 12, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Differences in disability and nutritional status among older Brazilian and English adults: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) and English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) cohorts
ConclusionsElevated BMI and waist circumference increased the odds of disability in both populations. However, these associations were stronger in England than in Brazil. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Prevalence of low serum zinc concentrations in Indian children and adolescents: findings from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016 –18
ConclusionsThe national prevalence of low SZC among preschool (17%) or school-age children (16%) was<20%, which is considered the cutoff indicating a problem of public health significance; but there were variations by state and socioeconomic status. In adolescents, however, the prevalence of low SZC was 31%, which warrants further investigation. The association of low SZC with diarrhea in preschool children necessitates better coverage of Zn administration in the management of diarrhea. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Impact of dietary and obesity genetic risk scores on weight gain
ConclusionDietary intake, not GRS, are associated with waist circumference in middle-aged subjects living in Lausanne, Switzerland. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research