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Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) as a reliable tool to assess thiamine status in dried blood microsamples: a comparative study
ConclusionsVAMS sampling can be used as a reliable alternative tool to evaluate the thiamine status, starting from only one drop of finger prick blood, in both developed and developing countries. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 21, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Influence of vitamin D status on hospital length of stay and prognosis in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a multicenter prospective cohort study
ConclusionsAmong hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19, those with severe 25(OH)D deficiency (<10 ng/mL) exhibited a trend for longer hospital length of stay compared with patients with higher 25(OH)D concentrations. This association was not significant in the multivariable Cox regression model. Prospective studies should test whether correcting severe 25(OH)D deficiency could improve the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 21, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Associations of healthy food choices with gut microbiota profiles
ConclusionsOur results from a large, population-based survey confirm and extend findings of other, smaller-scale studies that plant- and fiber-rich dietary choices are associated with a more diverse and compositionally distinct microbiota, and with a greater potential to produce SCFAs. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 21, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Human milk 3 ’-Sialyllactose is positively associated with language development during infancy
ConclusionsOur study reports the association of 3 ’-SL and cognition, particularly language functions, in typically developing children who received HM containing detectable A-tetra during infancy. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 21, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

To meat or not to meat? Processed meat and risk of dementia
See corresponding article onpages 154 and175. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 21, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Disability-adjusted life years due to chronic and hidden hunger under food system evolution with climate change and adaptation to 2050
ConclusionsFood system projections to 2050 show a decreasing DALY incidence from both chronic and hidden hunger. Population growth is projected to outpace these improvements and lead to increasing total chronic and hidden hunger DALYs globally, concentrated in Africa south of the Sahara. Climate change increases per-capita chronic and hidden hunger DALY incidence compared with no climate change. Agricultural sector investments show the potential to offset the climate impact on DALYs. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 20, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

From gut to blood: the travels and travails of vitamin D supplementation
See corresponding article onpage 1159. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

A pilot-randomized, double-blind crossover trial to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of orally administered 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and vitamin D3 in healthy adults with differing BMI and in adults with intestinal malabsorption
ConclusionsOral 25(OH)D3 may be a good choice for managing vitamin D deficiency in malabsorption and obesity. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as (NCT03401541. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 19, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Adherence to dietary guidelines and cognitive decline from middle age: the Doetinchem Cohort Study
ConclusionsHealthier dietary habits, determined by higher adherence to dietary guidelines, are associated with better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline with aging from middle age onwards. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 18, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

A multicenter propensity score matched analysis in 73,843 patients of an association of nutritional risk with mortality, length of stay and readmission rates
ConclusionsOne out of 5 patients included in this study was nutritionally at risk. Using propensity score matching, higher odds of in-hospital mortality, readmission, and 30-d mortality were observed. In contrast to oft-reported increased length of stay with poor nutrition, propensity matched data for jLoS suggested that this association was less pronounced in this cohort. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 14, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Dietary intake of sulfur amino acids and risk of kwashiorkor malnutrition in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
ConclusionsChildren in a population with a higher prevalence of kwashiorkor have lower dietary intake of SAAs than children in a population with a lower prevalence. Trial interventions to reduce incidence of kwashiorkor should consider increasing SAA intake, paying particular attention to methionine. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

The association of maternal gestational hyperglycemia with breastfeeding duration and markers of milk production
ConclusionsWomen with FPG  ≥5.1 mmol/L during pregnancy breastfeed for a shorter duration. Future work involving measurement of milk production is needed to determine whether low milk production predicts breastfeeding duration among women with elevated FPG. This trial was registered atwww.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Association between meal-specific daily protein intake and lean mass in older adults: results of the cross-sectional BASE-II study
ConclusionOur data highlight an association of total protein intake and ALMBMI in older adults. Although current data support an association of high ALMBMI with protein intake at dinner in particular, this was not independent from total protein intake and the findings do not allow a conclusion on causality. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Treating high-risk moderate acute malnutrition using therapeutic food compared with nutrition counseling (Hi-MAM Study): a cluster-randomized controlled trial
ConclusionsProvision of RUTF and antibiotics to HR-MAM children improved short-term recovery and reduced short-term risk of deterioration. However, recovery rates were still suboptimal and differences were not sustained by 6 mo post enrollment.This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT03647150. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Fewer US adults had low or transitional vitamin B12 status based on the novel combined indicator of vitamin B12 status compared with individual, conventional markers, NHANES 1999 –2004
ConclusionsVitamin B12 deficiency may be overestimated among US adults when individual, conventional markers are used. When only 2 markers are available, the combination of B12 and MMA provides results comparable to 3cB12. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research