Oral sedation in dentistry: evaluation of professional practice of oral hydroxyzine in the University Hospital of Rennes, France
ConclusionsCareful analysis of the literature and results of this work showed the safety of hydroxyzine within the maximum dose authorized without adverse effects, compared to other molecules described and commonly used in dentistry. No adverse effects during dental procedure were noted. This allows for minimal sedation with efficiency for the great majority of pediatric treatment. This solution should be the first step in sedation to help practicing clinicians. (Source: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry)
Source: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry - April 11, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Fatal 4-MEC Intoxication: Case Report and Review of Literature
We report a case of a 35-year-old man found dead and naked at home by his friend. Although no anatomic cause of death was observed at autopsy, toxicological analysis identified 4-MEC and hydroxyzine at therapeutic level (160 ng/mL). 4-Methylethcathinone was quantified in autopsy samples by a validated method consisting in liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry: peripheral blood, 14.6 μg/mL; cardiac blood, 43.4 μg/mL; urine, 619 μg/mL; vitreous humor, right 2.9 μg/mL and left 4.4 μg/mL; bile, 43.5 μg/mL; and gastric content, 28.2 μg/mL. The cause of death was 4-MEC intoxic...
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - February 10, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Factorial Design Based Optimization of Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Fast Dissolving Tablets
MD SARFARAZ*, R. KHANT DHRUV, H. DODDAYYA AND K. ARSHAD AHMED KHAN (Source: Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences)
Source: Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - January 19, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenase in Drug Metabolism: Beyond Ethanol Oxidation
AbstractAlcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are most known for their roles in oxidation and elimination of ethanol. Although less known, ADHs also play a critical role in the metabolism of a number of drugs and metabolites that contain alcohol functional groups, such as abacavir (HIV/AIDS), hydroxyzine (antihistamine), and ethambutol (antituberculosis). ADHs consist of 7 gene family numbers and several genetic polymorphic forms. ADHs are cytosolic enzymes that are most abundantly found in the liver, although also present in other tissues including gastrointestinal tract and adipose. Marked species differences exist for ADHs incl...
Source: The AAPS Journal - January 7, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Comparing Nonopioids Versus Opioids for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review
Conclusions:
Evidence from primary literature suggests that nonopioids could be a feasible alternative to opioids for management of acute pain in the ED as it is effective, safe, and decreases the need for rescue analgesia. (Source: American Journal of Therapeutics)
Source: American Journal of Therapeutics - December 31, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Systematic Review and Clinical Guidelines Source Type: research
Autism and Access to Care During the COVID-19 Crisis
CASE:
Brian is a 6-year-old boy who was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and global developmental delay at age 2. He has no other health conditions of note. Brian lives with his parents and an older brother, who also has ASD, in a rural area 2 hours from the center where he was diagnosed. Brian has a history of intermittent self-injurious behaviors (head-banging, throwing himself onto the floor, etc.) that regularly result in bruising, intense and lengthy tantrums, and aggression toward family and teachers. Brian will occasionally indicate items that he wants, but otherwise has no functional communication ...
Source: Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics - December 23, 2020 Category: Child Development Tags: Challenging Case Source Type: research
Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders: Current and Emerging Treatment Options
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and a leading cause of disability. While there continues to be expansive research in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and schizophrenia, there is a relative dearth of novel medications under investigation for anxiety disorders. This review's first aim is to summarize current pharmacological treatments (both approved and off-label) for panic disorder (PD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and specific phobias (SP), including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibi...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - December 23, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Panic and pandemic: Narrative review of the literature on the links and risks of panic disorder as a consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Authors: Javelot H, Weiner L
Abstract
Although the "panic" word has been abundantly linked to the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic in the press, in the scientific literature very few studies have considered whether the current epidemic could predispose to the onset or the aggravation of panic attacks or panic disorder. Indeed, most studies thus far have focused on the risk of increase and aggravation of other psychiatric disorders as a consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and generali...
Source: L Encephale - November 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Encephale Source Type: research
Ventricular tachycardia as a consequence of triggered activity
One of the less frequent underlying mechanisms of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is triggered activity. Triggered activity refers to an extrasystole due to a premature depolarization that occurs when the amplitude of an early afterdepolarization or delayed afterdepolarization brings the cardiac membrane to its threshold potential. Hydrochlorothiazide and hydroxyzine can prolong repolarization and QT interval and are associated with early afterdepolarizations. Cyclic AMP-mediated delayed afterdepolarization can occur as a result of catecholaminergic surge. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - November 7, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: John Riggins, Taylor Douglas, Ian S. deSouza Source Type: research
Association of H1-antihistamines with Torsade de Pointes: a pharmacovigilance study of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System.
Conclusions Our study found the increased torsadogenic potential of new signals compared with previously known old signals, hence necessitating clinical studies to determine the actual torsadogenic potential of newly identified signals. Clinical Trial Registration This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT.gov ID: NCT04293432.
PMID: 33141610 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety)
Source: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety - November 5, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Drug Saf Source Type: research
Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in Japanese Patients with Cancer: A Matched Cohort Study Using Employer-Based Health Insurance Claims Data
ConclusionsThese results suggest Japanese patients with cancer may be undertreated for MDD compared with cancer-free patients. However, when prescribed, medications may be chosen according to patient needs, including avoiding adverse effects and drug –drug interactions. (Source: Clinical Drug Investigation)
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - October 18, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
