Serological survey of influenza A viruses in domestic and wild Suidae in Corsica (France), a Mediterranean island environment
Publication date: Available online 19 June 2018 Source:Preventive Veterinary Medicine Author(s): Sébastien Grech-Angelini, Séverine Hervé, Nicolas Rose, Nicolas Barbier, François Casabianca, Oscar Maestrini, Alessandra Falchi, Gaëlle Simon Corsica is a mountainous French island in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. It is a rural area, where pig farming is a major economic activity. Although no acute respiratory outbreaks due to swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) have ever been reported in this free-ranging pig breeding system, influenza A viruses (IAVs) could be circulating within this pig population. A se...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - June 20, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Case of seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus infection, the Netherlands, March 2018.
Abstract
A seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus harbouring genome segments from seasonal influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09 (HA and NS) and A(H3N2) (PB2, PB1, PA, NP, NA and M) was identified in March 2018 in a 19-months-old patient with influenza-like illness (ILI) who presented to a general practitioner participating in the routine sentinel surveillance of ILI in the Netherlands. The patient recovered fully. Further epidemiological and virological investigation did not reveal additional cases.
PMID: 29667576 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - April 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Meijer A, Swaan CM, Voerknecht M, Jusic E, van den Brink S, Wijsman LA, Voordouw BC, Donker GA, Sleven J, Dorigo-Zetsma WW, Svraka S, van Boven M, Haverkate MR, Timen A, van Dissel JT, Koopmans MP, Bestebroer TM, Fouchier RA Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: research
Appearance of reassortant European avian ‐origin H1 influenza A viruses of swine in Vietnam
Summary
Three subtypes—H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2—of influenza A viruses of swine (IAVs‐S) are currently endemic in swine worldwide, but there is considerable genotypic diversity among each subtype and limited geographical distribution. Through IAVs‐S monitoring in Vietnam, two H1N2 influenza A viruses were isolated from healthy pigs in Ba Ria‐Vung Tau Province, Southern Vietnam, on 2 December 2016. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses revealed that their HA and NA genes were derived from those of European avian‐like H1N2 IAVs‐S that contained avian‐origin H1 and human‐like N2 genes, and were particularly closely rel...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - March 7, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: N. Takemae, P. T. Nguyen, V. T. Le, T. N. Nguyen, T. L. To, T. D. Nguyen, V. P. Pham, H. V. Vo, Q. V. T. Le, H. T. Do, D. T. Nguyen, Y. Uchida, T. Saito Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Antigenic and genetic evolution of contemporary swine H1 influenza viruses in the United States.
Abstract
Several lineages of influenza A viruses (IAV) currently circulate in North American pigs. Genetic diversity is further increased by transmission of IAV between swine and humans and subsequent evolution. Here, we characterized the genetic and antigenic evolution of contemporary swine H1N1 and H1N2 viruses representing clusters H1-α (1A.1), H1-β (1A.2), H1pdm (1A.3.3.2), H1-γ (1A.3.3.3), H1-δ1 (1B.2.2), and H1-δ2 (1B.2.1) currently circulating in pigs in the United States. The δ1-viruses diversified into two new genetic clades, H1-δ1a (1B.2.2.1) and H1-δ1b (1B.2.2.2), which were also antigen...
Source: Virology - February 13, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Rajao DS, Anderson TK, Kitikoon P, Stratton J, Lewis NS, Vincent AL Tags: Virology Source Type: research
Live attenuated influenza virus vaccine reduces virus shedding of newborn piglets in the presence of maternal antibody
This study indicates that intranasal vaccination with a truncated NS1 live attenuated IAV‐S vaccine of newborn piglets with maternal antibodies can be a valuable tool for reducing the prevalence of heterologous H1N2 and H3N2 IAV‐S in pig herds. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - February 4, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Marika Genzow, Christa Goodell, Troy J. Kaiser, Wesley Johnson, Marc Eichmeyer Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Porcine respiratory disease complex after the introduction of H1N1/2009 influenza virus in Brazil
Summary
From 2009 to 2015, 74 lungs from suckling (6.8%), nursing (70.3%), fattening (20.3%) pigs and pregnant sows (2.7%) with respiratory signs from pig farms in Southern Brazil were submitted to a diagnostic laboratory for necropsy and/or histologic examination and screening for respiratory agents by RT‐qPCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), virus isolation (VI) and subtyping for influenza A virus (IAV), IHC and nested PCR for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo), PCR for porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), RT‐qPCR for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and bacterial culture. All lung samples were positive f...
Source: Zoonoses and Public Health - November 15, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: R. R. Rech, D. Gava, M. C. Silva, L. T. Fernandes, V. Haach, J. R. Ciacci ‐Zanella, R. Schaefer Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Live ‐attenuated influenza virus vaccine reduces virus shedding of newborn piglets in the presence of maternal antibody
This study indicates that intranasal vaccination with a truncated NS1 live attenuated IAV‐S vaccine of newborn piglets with maternal antibodies can be a valuable tool for reducing the prevalence of heterologous H1N2 and H3N2 IAV‐S in pig herds.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - November 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Marika Genzow, Christa Goodell, Troy J Kaiser, Wesley Johnson, Marc Eichmeyer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiology of swine influenza A viruses in the Southeastern United States, highlights regional differences in circulating strains
This study investigated the prevalence of IAV in commercial swine herds. A total of 1,878 oral fluid samples were collected from pigs of all ages from 201 commercial farms located in North Carolina and South Carolina. Sixty-eight oral fluid samples from 35 farms were positive by MP gene PCR with an overall IAV-positivity of 3.6%. On the herd level, the percentage of IAV positivity was 17.4%. Fifty-six viruses were subtyped, while 12 were partly subtyped or not subtyped at all. Using de novo assembly, complete sequences were obtained for 59 HA genes. The majority of IAVs subtyped had an H1 HA demonstrating a considerable pr...
Source: Veterinary Microbiology - October 24, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Update: Influenza Activity - United States and Worldwide, May 21-September 23, 2017.
Abstract
During May 21-September 23, 2017,* the United States experienced low-level seasonal influenza virus activity; however, beginning in early September, CDC received reports of a small number of localized influenza outbreaks caused by influenza A(H3N2) viruses. In addition to influenza A(H3N2) viruses, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B viruses were detected during May-September worldwide and in the United States. Influenza B viruses predominated in the United States from late May through late June, and influenza A viruses predominated beginning in early July. The majority of the influenza viruses...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - October 6, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Blanton L, Wentworth DE, Alabi N, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Barnes J, Brammer L, Burns E, Davis CT, Dugan VG, Fry AM, Garten R, Grohskopf LA, Gubareva L, Kniss K, Lindstrom S, Mustaquim D, Olsen SJ, Roguski K, Taylor C, Trock S, Xu X, Katz J, Jernigan D Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research
Isolation and characterization of avian influenza viruses from raw poultry products illegally imported to Japan by international flight passengers
In this study, we isolated avian influenza viruses (AIVs) from raw poultry products illegally imported to Japan by international passengers. Highly (H5N1 and H5N6) and low (H9N2 and H1N2) pathogenic AIVs were isolated from raw chicken and duck products carried by flight passengers. H5 and H9 isolates were phylogenetically closely related to viruses isolated from poultry in China, and haemagglutinin genes of H5N1 and H5N6 isolates belonged to clades 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.4.4, respectively. Experimental infections of H5 and H9 isolates in chickens and ducks demonstrated pathogenicity and tissue tropism to skeletal muscles. To pre...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - October 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. Shibata, T. Hiono, H. Fukuhara, R. Sumiyoshi, A. Ohkawara, K. Matsuno, M. Okamatsu, H. Osaka, Y. Sakoda Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Rapid acquisition adaptive amino acid substitutions involved in the virulence enhancement of an H1N2 avian influenza virus in mice
Publication date: Available online 10 June 2017 Source:Veterinary Microbiology Author(s): Zhijun Yu, Weiyang Sun, Xinghai Zhang, Kaihui Cheng, Chuqi Zhao, Xianzhu Xia, Yuwei Gao Although H1N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) only infect birds, documented cases of swine infection with H1N2 influenza viruses suggest this subtype AIV may pose a potential threat to mammals. Here, we generated mouse-adapted variants of a H1N2 AIV to identify adaptive changes that increased virulence in mammals. MLD50 of the variants were reduced >1000-fold compared to the parental virus. Variants displayed enhanced replication in vit...
Source: Veterinary Microbiology - June 11, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
PA-X protein contributes to virulence of triple-reassortant H1N2 influenza virus by suppressing early immune responses in swine.
Abstract
Previous studies have identified a functional role of PA-X for influenza viruses in mice and avian species; however, its role in swine remains unknown. Toward this, we constructed PA-X deficient virus (Sw-FS) in the background of a Triple-reassortment (TR) H1N2 swine influenza virus (SIV) to assess the impact of PA-X in viral virulence in pigs. Expression of PA-X in TR H1N2 SIV enhanced viral replication and host protein synthesis shutoff, and inhibited the mRNA levels of type I IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines in porcine cells. A delay of proinflammatory responses was observed in lungs of pigs ...
Source: Virology - May 8, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Xu G, Zhang X, Liu Q, Bing G, Hu Z, Sun H, Xiong X, Jiang M, He Q, Wang Y, Pu J, Guo X, Yang H, Liu J, Sun Y Tags: Virology Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 9, Pages 55: Virological Surveillance of Influenza A Subtypes Isolated in 2014 from Clinical Outbreaks in Canadian Swine
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of 16 IAVs isolated from different clinical outbreaks in Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan in 2014. We also examined the genetic basis for pr obable antigenic differences among sequenced viruses. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, all 13 Canadian H3N2 viruses belonged to cluster IV, eight H3N2 viruses were part of the IV-C cluster, and one virus belonged to the IV-B and one to the IV-D cluster. Based on standards used in this study, t hree H3N2 viruses could not be clearly classified into any currently established group within cluster IV (A to F). ...
Source: Viruses - March 20, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Helena Grgi ć Jackie Gallant Zvonimir Poljak Tags: Article Source Type: research
Two years of surveillance of influenza a virus infection in a swine herd. Results of virological, serological and pathological studies.
Abstract
Swine farms provide a dynamic environment for the evolution of influenza A viruses (IAVs). The present report shows the results of a surveillance effort of IAV infection in one commercial swine farm in Argentina. Two cross-sectional serological and virological studies (n=480) were carried out in 2011 and 2012. Virus shedding was detected in nasal samples from pigs from ages 7, 21 and 42-days old. More than 90% of sows and gilts but less than 40% of 21-days old piglets had antibodies against IAV. In addition, IAV was detected in 8/17 nasal swabs and 10/15 lung samples taken from necropsied pigs. A ...
Source: Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases. - January 31, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Cappuccio J, Dibarbora M, Lozada I, Quiroga A, Olivera V, Dángelo M, Pérez E, Barrales H, Perfumo C, Pereda A, Pérez DR Tags: Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis Source Type: research
