Genetic Prediction of Smoking Cessation Medication Side Effects: A Genome-Wide Investigation of Abnormal Dreams on Varenicline
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3210. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarenicline, the most efficacious smoking cessation monotherapy, produces abnormal dreams. Although genetic contributions to varenicline-associated nausea and cessation have been identified, the role of genetics in abnormal dreams is unknown. We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) of abnormal dreams in 188 European ancestry smokers treated with varenicline (NCT01314001). Additive genetic models examined the likelihood of experiencing abnormal dreams 2 weeks following varenicline initiation. For the top locus, we tested for se...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 19, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meghan J Chenoweth Yong Jae Kim Nikki L Nollen Larry W Hawk Martin C Mahoney Caryn Lerman Jo Knight Rachel F Tyndale Source Type: research
E-Cigarettes May Be Better Than Nicotine Gum for Quitting Smoking
People who used electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, to help them stop smoking were more likely to have quit combustible cigarettes at 6 months than those who used nicotine chewing gum, according to data from a randomized clinical trial. But the majority of the e-cigarettes group was still vaping at 6 months, while the groups using the 2 other smoking cessation methods —nicotine chewing gum and varenicline, a medication marketed as Chantix—were no longer using those tools. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 14, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Nitrosamines, ICH Q3A-Q3E, Global Substance Registration System (GSRS), N-nitroso dimethyl amine (NDMA), Drug substance life cycle
Curr Top Med Chem. 2024 Feb 6. doi: 10.2174/0115680266278636240125113509. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSince their discovery in valsartan-containing drugs, nitrosamine impurities have emerged as a significant safety problem in pharmaceutical products, prompting extensive recalls and suspensions. Valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, and other sartans have been discovered to have additional nitrosamine impurities, such as N-nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid (NMBA), N-nitroso-Di-isopropyl amine (NDIPA), N-nitroso-Ethyl-Isopropyl amine (NEIPA), and N-nitroso-Diethyl amine (NDEA). Concerns about drug safety have ...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - February 7, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Darshan Bhirud Gyan Agrawal Harshil Shah Artiben Patel Mahesh B Palkar Sankha Bhattacharya Bhupendra G Prajapati Source Type: research
Efficacy of Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline and Nicotine Chewing Gum as an Aid to Stop Smoking
This randomized clinical trial examines whether electronic cigarettes are superior to nicotine replacement therapy and noninferior to varenicline in helping smokers quit. (Source: JAMA Internal Medicine)
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - January 29, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation —A Clinician’s Dilemma
The randomized clinical trial by Lin et al in this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine demonstrated that participants randomized to nicotine electronic cigarettes (ECs) experienced greater sustained smoking abstinence at 6 months than participants randomized to medicinal nicotine gum and similar (noninferior) sustained abstinence to participants randomized to varenicline (Chantix; Pfizer), a partial nicotinic receptor agonist. Notably, the study, conducted in China with 1068 participants, compared only a single form of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) rather than 2 NRT forms in combination (eg, patch plus gum or lozenge), wh...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - January 29, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Is Abstinence from Alcohol and Smoking Associated with Less Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among People with HIV?
AbstractAchieving abstinence from alcohol, tobacco, or both may improve mental health, but is understudied in people with HIV (PWH). The St PETER HIV randomized clinical trial compared varenicline, cytisine, and nicotine replacement therapy on alcohol and smoking behavior among 400 PWH in Russia. The primary exposure was thirty-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) from (1) alcohol, (2) smoking, (3) both, or (4) neither and was assessed at 1, 3, 6 and 12-months as were the study outcomes of anxiety (GAD-7) and depressive (CES-D) symptoms. The primary aim was to examine the association between smoking and/or alcohol abstine...
Source: AIDS and Behavior - January 29, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Addiction and Liver Disease: Exploring the Complex Relationship and Implications for Clinical Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe review focuses on addressing substance use disorders in individuals with chronic liver disease, specifically alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis.Recent FindingsPsychological interventions and medications like naltrexone and acamprosate are effective in treating alcohol use disorder in patients with liver disease. Tobacco smoking has a negative impact on fibrosis progression, it is recommended to regularly screen and provide structured brief interventions in combination with medications like varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy. Cannabis use disorder is associated with adverse health outcomes...
Source: Current Hepatitis Reports - January 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder
Am Fam Physician. 2024 Jan;109(1):71-78.ABSTRACTExcessive alcohol use is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with alcohol-related deaths increasing during the pandemic. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration recommends that physicians offer pharmacotherapy with behavioral interventions for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder. Several medications are available to help patients reduce drinking and maintain abstinence; however, in 2019, only 7.3% of Americans with alcohol use disorder received any treatment, and only 1.6% were prescribed medications to treat the disorder....
Source: American Family Physician - January 16, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Elisabeth Poorman Brianna M McQuade Sarah Messmer Source Type: research
Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder
Am Fam Physician. 2024 Jan;109(1):71-78.ABSTRACTExcessive alcohol use is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with alcohol-related deaths increasing during the pandemic. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration recommends that physicians offer pharmacotherapy with behavioral interventions for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder. Several medications are available to help patients reduce drinking and maintain abstinence; however, in 2019, only 7.3% of Americans with alcohol use disorder received any treatment, and only 1.6% were prescribed medications to treat the disorder....
Source: American Family Physician - January 16, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Elisabeth Poorman Brianna M McQuade Sarah Messmer Source Type: research
Effect of early medication adherence on behavioral treatment utilization and smoking cessation among individuals with current or past major depressive disorder
CONCLUSIONS: The effect of early medication adherence on abstinence in individuals with current or past MDD is mediated by intensive BT utilization.PMID:38199093 | DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107952 (Source: Addictive Behaviors)
Source: Addictive Behaviors - January 10, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: Brian Hitsman George D Papandonatos Erica N Fox Anna-Marika Bauer Jacqueline K Gollan Mark D Huffman David C Mohr Frank T Leone Sadiya S Khan Chad J Achenbach E Paul Wileyto Robert A Schnoll Source Type: research
Competitive inhibition of nicotine acetylcholine receptors using microneedles of nicotine and varenicline for smoking withdrawal therapy
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2023 Dec 28:114171. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.114171. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCurrent strategies for smoking withdrawal conditions involve monotherapy of nicotine and combinational therapy of nicotine with varenicline or bupropion as per the CDC and FDA. The available dosage forms for nicotine are patches, gums, inhalers and nasal sprays, bupropion and varenicline are available in tablet form. This research work focused on developing a microneedle delivery system to deliver combination drug for overcoming the obstacles encountered by oral route of administration of varenicline such as severe side...
Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics - December 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ashwini Wani Bala Prabhakar Pravin Shende Source Type: research
Effects of different combined behavioral and pharmacological interventions on smoking cessation: a network meta-analysis of 103 randomized controlled trials
ConclusionsAmong combined interventions for smoking cessation, Varenicline + CBT, NRT + CBT + Financial incentive, and Bupropion + CBT demonstrate the highest levels of success. CBT, FI, and Varenicline are potential intervention components that may possess greater effectiveness. (Source: Journal of Public Health)
Source: Journal of Public Health - December 21, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Efficacy of bilateral OC-01 (varenicline solution) nasal spray in alleviating signs and symptoms of dry eye disease: A systematic review
To comprehensively review the efficacy and safety of OC-01 varenicline nasal spray versus vehicle nasal spray (VNS) in the treatment in dry eye disease (DED). (Source: Contact Lens and Anterior Eye)
Source: Contact Lens and Anterior Eye - December 8, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Antonio Ballesteros-S ánchez, Davide Borroni, Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo, María Carmen Sánchez-González, Serafin Sanchez-Gomez, Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada, José-María Sánchez-González Tags: Review article Source Type: research
Smoking cessation and its significant role in the Indian scenario
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2023 Dec 4. doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2814. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGiven the increased health dangers of tobacco use, particularly in developing countries, smoking cessation intervention is crucially important. The aim of this study is to determine and assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive smoking cessation intervention program, incorporating behavior modification, counseling, and pharmacologic treatments, in the context of the Indian scenario. The process of initiating smoking or tobacco cessation begins with the evaluation of the distinct stages that smokers undergo as part of their j...
Source: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease - December 5, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Raj Kumar Manoj Kumar Sukriti Raj Dileep Kumar Arisham Anil Kumar Mavi Kamal Singh Source Type: research
