Emerging drugs in phase II and III clinical development for the treatment of alcohol use disorder
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2024 Apr 12. doi: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2342951. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) poses an ongoing significant global health burden. AUD is highly prevalent and affects not only the individuals with AUD, but also their communities and society at large. Even though pharmacotherapy is an integral part of AUD treatment, the few available substances show limited efficacy and limited clinical impact. Thus, there is a need for new innovative pharmacotherapeutic approaches.AREAS COVERED: This paper provides a comprehensive review of drugs approved for the treatment of...
Source: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs - April 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sophie K öhne Thomas Hillemacher Alexander Glahn Patrick Bach Source Type: research
Notice of Retraction: Lin HX et al. Efficacy of Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline and Nicotine Chewing Gum as an Aid to Stop Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med . 2024;184(3):291-299.
To the Editor On behalf of my coauthors, I write to formally request retraction of the Original Investigation, “Efficacy of Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline and Nicotine Chewing Gum as an Aid to Stop Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published online January 29, 2024, and in the March 2024 issue of JAMA Internal Medicine. Unfortunately, we have found significant coding errors that are difficult to rectify. We also discovered discrepancies in the calculation process that cast doubt on the accuracy and reliability of the reported findings. Consequently, we believe it is necessary to retract the article to uphold...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - March 29, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
Smoking cessation interventions are cost-effective in people affected by stroke
Commentary on: Wechsler PM, Liberman AL, Restifo D, Abramson EL, Navi BB, Kamel H, Parikh NS. Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions in Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack. Stroke. 2023 Apr;54(4):992-1000. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.040356. Epub 2023 Mar 3. Implications for practice and research Measures to promote smoking cessation should go beyond brief counselling to include intensive counselling with pharmacotherapeutic support, such as varenicline, which are cost-effective. Future research is needed to study to what extent the results obtained here are reproducible in other healt...
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing - March 28, 2024 Category: Nursing Authors: Suner-Soler, R. Tags: Adult nursing Commentary Source Type: research
Stimulus mediation, specificity and impact of menthol in rats trained to discriminate puffs of nicotine e-cigarette aerosol from nicotine-free aerosol
ConclusionsNicotine aerosol puffs can function as a training stimulus in rats. The stimulus effects were CNS-mediated and receptor specific. Menthol appears to enhance the stimulus effects of nicotine aerosol through a pharmacodynamic rather than pharmacokinetic mechanism. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - March 23, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Identifying determinants of varenicline adherence using the Theoretical Domains framework: a rapid review
Adhering to varenicline has been shown to significantly improve the chances of successfully quitting smoking, with studies indicating a twofold increase in 6-month quit rates. However, despite its potential be... (Source: BMC Public Health)
Source: BMC Public Health - March 4, 2024 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Nadia Minian, Melissa Wong, Sowsan Hafuth, Terri Rodak, Alma Rahimi, Dea Gjomema, Jonathan Rose, Laurie Zawertailo, Matt Ratto and Peter Selby Tags: Research Source Type: research
Changes in distinct brain systems identified with fMRI during smoking cessation treatment with varenicline: a review
ConclusionsThe current review provides important clues with regard to the neurobiological mechanism of action of varenicline and highlights promising research opportunities regarding the development of more selective and effective treatments and predictive biomarkers for treatment efficacy. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - March 2, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Genetic Prediction of Smoking Cessation Medication Side Effects: A Genome-Wide Investigation of Abnormal Dreams on Varenicline
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3210. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarenicline, the most efficacious smoking cessation monotherapy, produces abnormal dreams. Although genetic contributions to varenicline-associated nausea and cessation have been identified, the role of genetics in abnormal dreams is unknown. We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) of abnormal dreams in 188 European ancestry smokers treated with varenicline (NCT01314001). Additive genetic models examined the likelihood of experiencing abnormal dreams 2 weeks following varenicline initiation. For the top locus, we tested for se...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 19, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meghan J Chenoweth Yong Jae Kim Nikki L Nollen Larry W Hawk Martin C Mahoney Caryn Lerman Jo Knight Rachel F Tyndale Source Type: research
Genetic Prediction of Smoking Cessation Medication Side Effects: A Genome-Wide Investigation of Abnormal Dreams on Varenicline
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3210. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarenicline, the most efficacious smoking cessation monotherapy, produces abnormal dreams. Although genetic contributions to varenicline-associated nausea and cessation have been identified, the role of genetics in abnormal dreams is unknown. We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) of abnormal dreams in 188 European ancestry smokers treated with varenicline (NCT01314001). Additive genetic models examined the likelihood of experiencing abnormal dreams 2 weeks following varenicline initiation. For the top locus, we tested for se...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - February 19, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meghan J Chenoweth Yong Jae Kim Nikki L Nollen Larry W Hawk Martin C Mahoney Caryn Lerman Jo Knight Rachel F Tyndale Source Type: research
E-Cigarettes May Be Better Than Nicotine Gum for Quitting Smoking
People who used electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, to help them stop smoking were more likely to have quit combustible cigarettes at 6 months than those who used nicotine chewing gum, according to data from a randomized clinical trial. But the majority of the e-cigarettes group was still vaping at 6 months, while the groups using the 2 other smoking cessation methods —nicotine chewing gum and varenicline, a medication marketed as Chantix—were no longer using those tools. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 14, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Nitrosamines, ICH Q3A-Q3E, Global Substance Registration System (GSRS), N-nitroso dimethyl amine (NDMA), Drug substance life cycle
Curr Top Med Chem. 2024 Feb 6. doi: 10.2174/0115680266278636240125113509. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSince their discovery in valsartan-containing drugs, nitrosamine impurities have emerged as a significant safety problem in pharmaceutical products, prompting extensive recalls and suspensions. Valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, and other sartans have been discovered to have additional nitrosamine impurities, such as N-nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid (NMBA), N-nitroso-Di-isopropyl amine (NDIPA), N-nitroso-Ethyl-Isopropyl amine (NEIPA), and N-nitroso-Diethyl amine (NDEA). Concerns about drug safety have ...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - February 7, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Darshan Bhirud Gyan Agrawal Harshil Shah Artiben Patel Mahesh B Palkar Sankha Bhattacharya Bhupendra G Prajapati Source Type: research
Efficacy of Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline and Nicotine Chewing Gum as an Aid to Stop Smoking
This randomized clinical trial examines whether electronic cigarettes are superior to nicotine replacement therapy and noninferior to varenicline in helping smokers quit. (Source: JAMA Internal Medicine)
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - January 29, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research
