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The Effects of Holothurin and Caspofungin on the Vaginal Cell Inflammation Parameters of the Rattus norvegicus Strain Post Induction of Candida albicans
(Source: Infection and Drug Resistance)
Source: Infection and Drug Resistance - April 27, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Infection and Drug Resistance Source Type: research

LC –MS/MS-based multiplex antibacterial platform for therapeutic drug monitoring in intensive care unit patients
In this study, we developed a robust, sensitive, and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) platform for the quantification of 14 antibacterial and antifungal agents (beta-lactams piperacillin, cefoperazone, and meropenem; beta-lactamase inhibitors tazobactam and sulbactam; antifungal agents fluconazole, caspofungin, posaconazole, and voriconazole; and daptomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and tigecycline) that can be used for patients with severe infection. This assay requires only 100 µL of serum with rapid protein precipitation. Chromatographic analysis was performed using a Water...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 18, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Aneuploidy enables cross-tolerance to unrelated antifungal drugs in Candida parapsilosis
Candida parapsilosis is an emerging major human fungal pathogen. Echinocandins are first-line antifungal drugs for the treatment of invasive Candida infections. In clinical isolates, tolerance to echinocandins in Candida species is mostly due to point mutations of FKS genes, which encode the target protein of echinocandins. However, here, we found chromosome 5 trisomy was the major mechanism of adaptation to the echinocandin drug caspofungin, and FKS mutations were rare events. Chromosome 5 trisomy conferred tolerance to echinocandin drugs caspofungin and micafungin and cross-tolerance to 5-flucytosine, another class of an...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 11, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

In vivo evolution to echinocandin resistance and increasing clonal heterogeneity in Candida auris during a difficult-to-control hospital outbreak, Italy, 2019 to 2022
Euro Surveill. 2023 Apr;28(14). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.14.2300161.ABSTRACTA difficult-to-control outbreak of Candida auris is ongoing in a large tertiary care hospital in Liguria, Italy, where it first emerged in 2019. In a retrospective analysis, 503 cases of C. auris carriage or infection were observed between July 2019 and December 2022. Genomic surveillance identified putative cases that no longer occurred as part of one defined outbreak and the emergence of echinocandin (pandrug) resistance following independent selection of FKS1S639F and FKS1F635Y mutants upon prolonged exposure to caspofungin and/or anidu...
Source: Euro Surveill - April 6, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Giulia Codda Edward Willison Laura Magnasco Paola Morici Daniele Roberto Giacobbe Antonella Mencacci Daniele Marini Malgorzata Mikulska Matteo Bassetti Anna Marchese Vincenzo Di Pilato Source Type: research

In vivo evolution to echinocandin resistance and increasing clonal heterogeneity in Candida auris during a difficult-to-control hospital outbreak, Italy, 2019 to 2022
A difficult-to-control outbreak ofCandida auris is ongoing in a large tertiary care hospital in Liguria, Italy, where it first emerged in 2019. In a retrospective analysis, 503 cases ofC. auris carriage or infection were observed between July 2019 and December 2022. Genomic surveillance identified putative cases that no longer occurred as part of one defined outbreak and the emergence of echinocandin (pandrug) resistance following independent selection ofFKS1S639F andFKS1F635Y mutants upon prolonged exposure to caspofungin and/or anidulafungin. (Source: Eurosurveillance)
Source: Eurosurveillance - April 6, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Giulia Codda, Edward Willison, Laura Magnasco, Paola Morici, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Antonella Mencacci, Daniele Marini, Malgorzata Mikulska, Matteo Bassetti, Anna Marchese and Vincenzo Di Pilato Source Type: research

Chromosome 1 trisomy confers resistance to aureobasidin A in Candida albicans
IntroductionCandida albicans is a prevalent opportunistic human fungal pathogen. However, there are currently very few antifungal treatments available. Inositol phosphoryl ceramide synthase is an essential and fungal-specific protein that also provides a novel and promising antifungal target. Aureobasidin A is a widely used inhibitor of inositol phosphoryl ceramide synthase, however the mechanism of resistance to aureobasidin A is largely unknown in pathogenic fungi.MethodsHere we investigated how C. albicans adapted to low and high concentrations of aureobasidin A.Results and discussionsWe identified trisomy of chromosome...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 17, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Clinical features and diagnostic value of metagenomic next -generation sequencing in five cases of non-HIV related Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in children
ConclusionChildren commonly encounter an initial exposure to NH-PJP, which manifests as a high fever, dry cough, chest discomfort, dyspnea that worsens over time, fast disease progression, and a high death rate. The clinical presentation of children with PJ infection should be taken into consideration along with the results for diagnose. mNGS has higher sensitivity and a shorter detection period compared to identification of PJP. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - March 16, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Echinocandin Resistance in Candida auris Occurs in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract Due to FKS1 Mutations
This study investigated its antifungal susceptibility and explored FKS1 mutations across the isolates from mice enterically colonized with wild-type C. auris and treated with echinocandin. Resistant C. auris with FKS1 mutations, including S639F, S639Y, D642Y, R1354H, or R1354Y, were isolated and found to be micafungin- and caspofungin-resistant in vivo; however, the MICs of isolates with mutation in R1354 remained below the micafungin breakpoint in vitro.PMID:36920237 | DOI:10.1128/aac.01243-22 (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - March 15, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tatsuro Hirayama Taiga Miyazaki Makoto Sumiyoshi Yuya Ito Nobuyuki Ashizawa Kazuaki Takeda Naoki Iwanaga Takahiro Takazono Kazuko Yamamoto Koichi Izumikawa Katsunori Yanagihara Koichi Makimura Kazuhiro Tsukamoto Shigeru Kohno Hiroshi Mukae Source Type: research

 In vitro susceptibility profiles of Candida parapsilosis species complex subtypes from deep infections to nine antifungal drugs
Conclusion. C. parapsilosis sensu stricto was the main clinical isolate from the C. parapsilosis complex in our hospital. Most strains were isolated from the bloodstream. The susceptibility rate to commonly used antifungal drugs was more than 96 %. Furthermore, most of the infected patients were elderly male cancer patients.PMID:36920840 | DOI:10.1099/jmm.0.001640 (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - March 15, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wei Zhang Minghua Zhan Na Wang Jingjing Fan Xuying Han Caiqing Li Jinlu Liu Jia Li Yongwang Hou Xinsheng Wang Zhihua Zhang Source Type: research