Potential clinical implications of molecular mimicry ‐induced autoimmunity
ConclusionsMolecular mimicry plausibly explains initial stages of autoimmune pathogenesis induced by infection or microbiota disturbances. Understanding mimicry antigens and pathways could enable improved prediction, monitoring, and antigen-specific immunotherapy for autoimmune disorders. However, definitive proof of causation in humans remains limited. Further research should focus on establishing clinical evidence and utility. (Source: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease)
Source: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease - February 1, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Bandar A Suliman Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
A hybrid receptor binding protein enables phage F341 infection of Campylobacter by binding to flagella and lipooligosaccharides
Flagellotropic bacteriophages are interesting candidates as therapeutics against pathogenic bacteria dependent on flagellar motility for colonization and causing disease. Yet, phage resistance other than loss of motility has been scarcely studied. Here we developed a soft agar assay to study flagellotropic phage F341 resistance in motile Campylobacter jejuni. We found that phage adsorption was prevented by diverse genetic mutations in the lipooligosaccharides forming the secondary receptor of phage F341. Genome sequencing showed phage F341 belongs to the Fletchervirus genus otherwise comprising capsular-dependent C. jejuni...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Identification of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli genes contributing to oxidative stress response using TraDIS analysis
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the major causative agents of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and are known obligate microaerophiles. Despite being sensitive to oxygen and its reduction produc... (Source: BMC Microbiology)
Source: BMC Microbiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Emily Stoakes, Xuanlin Chen, Lajos Kalmar, Dave Baker, Rhiannon Evans, Steven Rudder and Andrew J. Grant Tags: Research Source Type: research
Oral treatment of human gut microbiota associated IL-10 −/− mice suffering from acute campylobacteriosis with carvacrol, deferoxamine, deoxycholic acid, and 2-fucosyl-lactose
In conclusion, carvacrol alone and its combination with deferoxamine, deoxycholate, and 2-fucosyl-lactose constitute promising antibiotics-independent treatment options to fight acute campylobacteriosis. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - January 25, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Impact of precursor-derived peracetic acid on post-weaning diarrhea, intestinal microbiota, and predicted microbial functional genes in weaned pigs
Post-weaning diarrhea affects piglets in the nursery phase of production, leading to a substantial impact both at the farm and financial levels. The multifactorial etiology of this disease includes housing conditions, pig genetics, microbial composition, and metagenomic assets. Among the common therapeutic approaches, the widely used zinc oxide underwent a European Union ban in 2022 due to its negative environmental impact and correlation to increased antimicrobial resistance. During this study, we have tested two levels of inclusion of the potential antimicrobial alternative peracetic acid, delivered in water via the hydr...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - January 25, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
High molecular/low acetylated chitosans reduce adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni to host cells by blocking JlpA
In conclusion, our data indicate promising antiadhesive and anti-invasive potential of high molecular weight, strongly de-acetylated chitosans for reducing C. jejuni load in livestock and food production. KEY POINTS: • Antiadhesive effects of chitosan with high DP/low DA against C. jejuni to host cells • Specific targeting of JlpA/Hsp90α interaction by chitosan • Meat treatment with chitosan reduces C. jejuni load.PMID:38265503 | PMC:PMC10810038 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-024-13000-0 (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - January 24, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vanessa Kreling Franco H Falcone Fabian Herrmann Leon Kemper Daniel Amiteye Stefan Cord-Landwehr Corinna Kehrenberg Bruno M Moerschbacher Andreas Hensel Source Type: research
Expression of IL-17RA in Innate Cells of Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and its Clinical Implications
Conclusions. The study suggests that despite previous reports of reduced circulating Th17 cells and IL-17 levels in CVID patients, IL-17RA expression in innate cells may be elevated, potentially indicating altered IL-17 signaling. This heightened IL-17RA expression could contribute to a persistent pro-inflammatory state, possibly due to microbial translocation or other inflammatory factors. The association of IL-17RA expression with gastrointestinal microbial colonization and its correlation with fecal calprotectin underscores the complexity of IL-17RA's role in CVID pathophysiology. Further research in larger cohorts coul...
Source: European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - January 23, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: P Botelho Alves H Pires Pereira J Costa Carvalho I Nunes A Todo-Bom E Faria F Regateiro A Paiva Source Type: research
A mathematical, classical stratification modeling approach to disentangling the impact of weather on infectious diseases: A case study using spatio-temporally disaggregated < i > Campylobacter < /i > surveillance data for England and Wales
by Giovanni Lo Iacono, Alasdair J. C. Cook, Gianne Derks, Lora E. Fleming, Nigel French, Emma L. Gillingham, Laura C. Gonzalez Villeta, Clare Heaviside, Roberto M. La Ragione, Giovanni Leonardi, Christophe E. Sarran, Sotiris Vardoulakis, Francis Senyah, Arnoud H. M. van Vliet, Gordon Nichols
Disentangling the impact of the weather on transmission of infectious diseases is crucial for health protection, preparedness and prevention. Because weather factors are co-incidental and partly correlated, we have used geography to separate out the impact of individual weather parameters on other seasonal variables using campylobacte...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - January 18, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Giovanni Lo Iacono Source Type: research
Investigation of Campylobacter concisus gastric epithelial pathogenicity using AGS cells
Campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium. Recent studies suggest that C. concisus may be involved in human gastric diseases. The mechanisms, however, by which C. concisus causes human gastric diseases have not been investigated. Here we examined the gastric epithelial pathogenicity of C. concisus using a cell culture model. Six C. concisus strains and the human gastric epithelial cell line AGS cells were used. IL-8 produced by AGS cells after incubation with C. concisus was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and AGS cell apoptosis was determined by caspase 3/7 activities. The effects of C. concisu...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - January 11, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Added insult to injury? The response of meat-associated pathogens to proposed antimicrobial interventions
This study provides science-based evidence of the efficacy of multi-hurdle antimicrobial system using green-label marinades and PFW or UV to inactivate pathogens without upregulating virulence traits in surviving cells. This study will inform policymakers and food industry stakeholders and reinforces the need to incorporate in-line novel technologies to ensure consumer safety. KEY POINTS: • Salmonella and C. jejuni showed increased cell activity in immediate response to stress. • Virulence genes showed increased expression when treated with natural antimicrobials and sPFW. • Reduced immediate transcriptomic response ...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - January 8, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maiti ú Marmion Guerrino Macori Soukaina Barroug Arturo B Soro Paula Bourke Brijesh K Tiwari Paul Whyte Amalia G M Scannell Source Type: research
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic dual-expression plasmid-mediated delivery of Campylobacter jejuni antigens by live-attenuated Salmonella: A strategy for concurrent th1 and th2 immune activation and protection in chickens
Dev Comp Immunol. 2024 Jan 6:105134. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105134. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSalmonella and Campylobacter are food-borne pathogens that significantly affect poultry production and are transmitted to humans. Long-term protection against these pathogens in chicken relies on a balanced Th1 and Th2 response. C. jejuni antigens were screened and a fusion antigen, including CadF + FlaA adhesin and flagellin antigenic fragments was developed and safely delivered by low-endotoxicity S. Typhimurium through pJHL270, a dual-expression plasmid featuring prokaryotic (Ptrc) and eukaryotic (CMV) promoters. Antigen e...
Source: Developmental and Comparative Immunology - January 8, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sivasankar Chandran Chamith Hewawaduge Ram Prasad Aganja John Hwa Lee Source Type: research
An Unusual Discovery of Multi-Opportunistic Organisms in Gastrointestinal Biopsies of a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Infectious Colitis
Cureus. 2023 Dec 7;15(12):e50124. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50124. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTPatients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an increased risk of infectious colitis. While individual cases of infectious colitis are not rare, co-infections involving multiple opportunistic organisms are uncommon. Here, we present an AIDS patient with concurrent opportunistic gastrointestinal infections resulting in symptomatic infectious colitis. A 56-year-old woman with AIDS presented to the hospital with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and sepsis. Initial imagining revealed thickening of the colonic wall suggestive of c...
Source: Herpes - January 8, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chirag Patel Patricia Le Malik Salman Stephen Cavalieri Joyce Kovar Source Type: research
The impact on primary care of a large waterborne campylobacter outbreak in Norway: a controlled observational study
CONCLUSION: The OOH service handled most of the patients during the outbreak, with support from daytime general practice. The outbreak caused a shift towards telephone advice as a means of providing care. Young children significantly increased their use of primary care during the outbreak.PMID:38189827 | DOI:10.1080/02813432.2023.2299116 (Source: Primary Care)
Source: Primary Care - January 8, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: A Iversen G Rortveit K A Wensaas C O Gulla Source Type: research
Added insult to injury? The response of meat-associated pathogens to proposed antimicrobial interventions
This study provides science-based evidence of the efficacy of multi-hurdle antimicrobial system using green-label marinades and PFW or UV to inactivate pathogens without upregulating virulence traits in surviving cells. This study will inform policymakers and food industry stakeholders and reinforces the need to incorporate in-line novel technologies to ensure consumer safety. KEY POINTS: • Salmonella and C. jejuni showed increased cell activity in immediate response to stress. • Virulence genes showed increased expression when treated with natural antimicrobials and sPFW. • Reduced immediate transcriptomic response ...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - January 8, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maiti ú Marmion Guerrino Macori Soukaina Barroug Arturo B Soro Paula Bourke Brijesh K Tiwari Paul Whyte Amalia G M Scannell Source Type: research
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic dual-expression plasmid-mediated delivery of Campylobacter jejuni antigens by live-attenuated Salmonella: A strategy for concurrent Th1 and Th2 immune activation and protection in chickens
Dev Comp Immunol. 2024 Apr;153:105134. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105134. Epub 2024 Jan 6.ABSTRACTSalmonella and Campylobacter are food-borne pathogens that significantly affect poultry production and are transmitted to humans. Long-term protection against these pathogens in chicken relies on a balanced Th1 and Th2 response. C. jejuni antigens were screened and a fusion antigen, including CadF + FlaA adhesin and flagellin antigenic fragments was developed and safely delivered by low-endotoxicity S. Typhimurium through pJHL270, a dual-expression plasmid featuring prokaryotic (Ptrc) and eukaryotic (CMV) promoters. Antigen expre...
Source: Developmental and Comparative Immunology - January 8, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sivasankar Chandran Chamith Hewawaduge Ram Prasad Aganja John Hwa Lee Source Type: research
