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Impact of urban form and street infrastructure on pedestrian-motorist collisions
This study examines the impact of urban form and street infrastructure on pedestrian safety in Atlanta, Georgia, and Boston, Massachusetts. With a significant rise in pedestrian fatalities over the past decade, understanding how cities' built environments influence safety is critical. We conducted geospatial analyses and statistical tests, revealing unique patterns in each city. Atlanta's sprawling, motorist-oriented layout is associated with increased pedestrian accidents, particularly at crosswalks, due to limited land use diversity, arterial roads, and streets with high speed limits and multiple lanes. In contrast, Bost...
Source: International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion - May 16, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Taylor Foreman Meimei Lin Wei Tu Robert Yarbrough Source Type: research

Rutaecarpine Alleviates Early Brain Injury-Induced Inflammatory Response Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via SIRT6/NF-[Formula: see text]B Pathway
Am J Chin Med. 2024 May 16:1-21. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X24500320. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a specific subtype of cerebrovascular accident, is characterized by the extravasation of blood into the interstice between the brain and its enveloping delicate tissues. This pathophysiological phenomenon can precipitate an early brain injury (EBI), which is characterized by inflammation and neuronal death. Rutaecarpine (Rut), a flavonoid compound discovered in various plants, has been shown to have protective effects against SAH-induced cerebral insult in rodent models. In our study, we used a rode...
Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine - May 16, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Min Xu Li-Hui Qian Jun-Xiang Wang Zi-Yang He Xiao-Yang Ling Wen-Hua Wang Jin-Wen Wang Yue Hu Ming-Jie Gong Source Type: research

Is more better? A multilevel analysis of percutaneous coronary intervention hospital openings and closures on patient volumes
CONCLUSIONS: PCI service expansion is associated with increased PCI at low-volume hospitals and a greater number of elective procedures. Increased governmental oversight may be necessary to ensure that openings and closures of these specialized services yield the desired benefits.PMID:38752293 | DOI:10.1111/acem.14926 (Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing)
Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing - May 16, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Renee Y Hsia Rita F Redberg Yu-Chu Shen Source Type: research

Pedestrian crash risk analysis using extreme value models: New insights and evidence
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 May 15;203:107633. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107633. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFacilitating proactive pedestrian safety management, the application of extreme value theory (EVT) models has gained popularity due to its extrapolation capabilities of estimating crashes from their precursors (i.e., conflicts). However, past studies either applied EVT models for crash risk analysis of autonomous vehicle-pedestrian interactions or human-driven vehicle-pedestrian interactions at signalised intersections. However, our understanding of human-driven vehicle-pedestrian interactions remains elusive because of s...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - May 16, 2024 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Ampereza Ankunda Yasir Ali Malaya Mohanty Source Type: research

Recent trends in the phytoremediation of radionuclide contamination of soil by cesium and strontium: Sources, mechanisms and methods: A comprehensive review
Chemosphere. 2024 May 13;359:142273. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142273. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis comprehensive review examines recent trends in phytoremediation strategies to address soil radionuclide contamination by cesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr). Radionuclide contamination, resulting from natural processes and nuclear-related activities such as accidents and the operation of nuclear facilities, poses significant risks to the environment and human health. Cs and Sr, prominent radionuclides involved in nuclear accidents, exhibit chemical properties that contribute to their toxicity, including easy uptake, h...
Source: Chemosphere - May 16, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ayyoub Ammar Asmae Nouira Zineb El Mouridi Said Boughribil Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 3175: Advancements in Fatigue Detection: Integrating fNIRS and Non-Voluntary Attention Brain Function Experiments
Conclusions: By integrating fNIRS into non-voluntary attention brain function experiments, this research demonstrates promising efficacy in accurately detecting driving fatigue. These findings offer insights into fatigue dynamics and have implications for shaping effective safety measures and policies in various industrial settings. (Source: Sensors)
Source: Sensors - May 16, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Li Liu Gao Ji Lin Tags: Article Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 3174: Pattern Recognition of Partial Discharge Faults in Switchgear Using a Back Propagation Neural Network Optimized by an Improved Mantis Search Algorithm
Yang The dependable functioning of switchgear is essential to maintain the stability of power supply systems. Partial discharge (PD) is a critical phenomenon affecting the insulation of switchgear, potentially leading to equipment failure and accidents. PDs are generally grouped into metal particle discharge, suspended discharge, and creeping discharge. Different types of PDs are closely related to the severity of a PD. Partial discharge pattern recognition (PDPR) plays a vital role in the early detection of insulation defects. In this regard, a Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) for PDPR in switchgear is propose...
Source: Sensors - May 16, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Fei Li Yang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Researcher steps on deadly vipers 40,000 times to better predict snakebites
More than 5 million people are bitten by snakes every year, resulting in thousands of deaths and permanent disabilities. Yet despite advances in developing antivenoms, scientists still don’t know why some snakes bite humans and others don’t. João Miguel Alves-Nunes has developed an unusual—and some would say insane—way to find out. The biologist at the Butantan Institute has stepped on jararacas—one of South America’s most venomous and dangerous vipers— more than 40,000 times . The results of this risky experiment, published this month in Scientific Reports , could help save ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - May 15, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Guidelines for Reasonable and Appropriate Care in the Emergency Department (GRACE-4): Alcohol use disorder and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome management in the emergency department
Acad Emerg Med. 2024 May;31(5):425-455. doi: 10.1111/acem.14911.ABSTRACTThe fourth Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Guidelines for Reasonable and Appropriate Care in the Emergency Department (GRACE-4) is on the topic of the emergency department (ED) management of nonopioid use disorders and focuses on alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). The SAEM GRACE-4 Writing Team, composed of emergency physicians and experts in addiction medicine and patients with lived experience, applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evalua...
Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing - May 15, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Bjug Borgundvaag Fernanda Bellolio Isabelle Miles Evan S Schwarz Sameer Sharif Mark K Su Kevin Baumgartner David B Liss Hasan Sheikh Jody Vogel Emily B Austin Suneel Upadhye Michelle Klaiman Robert Vellend Anna Munkley Christopher R Carpenter Source Type: research

Medication error with methotrexate
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2024 Mar 21;144(6). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.23.0657. Print 2024 May 14.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: A woman in her seventies presented to the accident and emergency department (A&E) with shortness of breath that had increased over a period of three weeks. She had a history of COPD, hypertension and polymyalgia rheumatica. A medication error involving methotrexate, used for autoimmune diseases, was discovered during her medical history review.CASE PRESENTATION: The patient arrived with stable vital signs, including 94 % oxygen saturation and a respiratory rate of 20 breaths/min. She had been taking 2.5 mg of...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - May 15, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Maren Wennberg Husby Lars Petter Bache-Wiig Bj ørnsen Arve J ørgensen Tone Merete Lassen Dag Jacobsen Lars Erik Laugsand Source Type: research

Association between radiation dose, thyroid hormone, and IQ levels in children exposed to radiation in utero after the Chernobyl accident
Int J Radiat Biol. 2024 May 15:1-7. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2345088. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFew studies have explored the effects of n utero radiation exposure on human health and cognition and none have taken into account thyroid hormone levels (T3), which have shown to affect cognitive performance. We investigated mechanisms of possible radiation effects on IQ in two cohorts of 250 persons each: exposed n utero after the Chernobyl accident: a 'higher exposure group (HEG)', whose mothers resided in more heavily contaminated territories at the time of the Chernobyl accident, and a 'lesser exposure group (LEG)' wh...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Biology - May 15, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Liudmila Liutsko Sergey Igumnov Vladimir Drozdovitch Elisabeth Cardis Source Type: research

A Case of Anterior Single Tooth Implant with Fractured Zirconia Abutment due to Trauma
This report describes a case of implant treatment for a 23-year-old man with esthetic disturbance due to trauma to the maxillary anterior teeth. The left maxillary central incisor could not be conserved due to this trauma, which had been caused by a traffic accident. After extraction, the tooth was restored with an anterior bridge. The crown of the left maxillary lateral incisor was fractured at the crown margin and, at the patient's request, implant treatment was selected as the restorative treatment for the missing tooth. A thorough preoperative examination was performed using placement simulation software. One titanium ...
Source: The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College - May 15, 2024 Category: Dentistry Authors: Mamoru Yotsuya Masahiro Nakano Kazuhiro Umehara Shigeki Awazawa Takao Nomura Nobuyuki Kuribayashi Masao Yoshinari Hideshi Sekine Source Type: research