Redox signaling in the pathogenesis of human disease and the regulatory role of autophagy.

Redox signaling in the pathogenesis of human disease and the regulatory role of autophagy. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2020;352:189-214 Authors: Pervaiz S, Bellot GL, Lemoine A, Brenner C Abstract Aberrant cell death signaling and oxidative stress are implicated in myriad of human pathological states such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic and liver diseases, as well as drug-induced toxicities. While regulated cell death and mild oxidative stress are essential during normal tissue homeostasis, deregulated signaling can trigger massive depletion in a particular cell type and/or damage tissues and impair organ function with deleterious consequences that manifest as disease states. If regeneration cannot restore tissue homeostasis, the severity of the disease correlates with the extent of cell loss. Cell death can be executed via multiple modalities such as apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis, depending on cell autonomous mechanisms (e.g., reactive oxygen species production, calcium overload and altered proteostasis) and/or non-cell autonomous processes (e.g., environmental stress, irradiation, chemotherapeutic agents, inflammation and pathogens). Accordingly, the inhibition of aberrant cell death and oxidative stress together with activation of autophagy, a regulated self-degradation process, are progressively emerging as relevant cytoprotective strategies to sustain homeostasis. In this review, we summ...
Source: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology - Category: Cytology Authors: Tags: Int Rev Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research