Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Sep;29(9):1798-1807. doi: 10.3201/eid2909.230066.ABSTRACTWe investigated the infection dynamics of 2 influenza A(H1N1) virus isolates from the swine 1A.3.3.2 (pandemic 2009) and 1C (Eurasian, avian-like) lineages. The 1C-lineage virus, A/Pavia/65/2016, although phylogenetically related to swine-origin viruses, was isolated from a human clinical case. This strain infected ferrets, a human influenza model species, and could be transmitted by direct contact and, less efficiently, by airborne exposure. Infecting ferrets and pigs (the natural host) resulted in mild or inapparent clinical signs comparable ...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - August 23, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Pauline M van Diemen Alexander M P Byrne Andrew M Ramsay Samantha Watson Alejandro Nunez Ana V Moreno Chiara Chiapponi Emanuela Foni Ian H Brown Sharon M Brookes Helen E Everett Source Type: research
Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Sep;29(9):1798-1807. doi: 10.3201/eid2909.230066.ABSTRACTWe investigated the infection dynamics of 2 influenza A(H1N1) virus isolates from the swine 1A.3.3.2 (pandemic 2009) and 1C (Eurasian, avian-like) lineages. The 1C-lineage virus, A/Pavia/65/2016, although phylogenetically related to swine-origin viruses, was isolated from a human clinical case. This strain infected ferrets, a human influenza model species, and could be transmitted by direct contact and, less efficiently, by airborne exposure. Infecting ferrets and pigs (the natural host) resulted in mild or inapparent clinical signs comparable ...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - August 23, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Pauline M van Diemen Alexander M P Byrne Andrew M Ramsay Samantha Watson Alejandro Nunez Ana V Moreno Chiara Chiapponi Emanuela Foni Ian H Brown Sharon M Brookes Helen E Everett Source Type: research
Human Infections With Swine Influenza Viruses Identified in US
Two people who recently attended different agricultural fairs in Michigan have contracted influenza viruses from pigs, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported on August 4. One patient was presumed to be positive for influenza A(H3) variant virus based on local epidemiological findings. Diagnostic testing confirmed the second person ’s infection with influenza A(H1N2) variant virus. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - August 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Molecular breeding of livestock for disease resistance
Virology. 2023 Aug 4;587:109862. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109862. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAnimal infectious diseases pose a significant threat to the global agriculture and biomedicine industries, leading to significant economic losses and public health risks. The emergence and spread of viral infections such as African swine fever virus (ASFV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) have highlighted the need for innovative approaches to develop resilient and disease-resistant animal populations. Gene editing technologies, ...
Source: Virology - August 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Fei Gao Pan Li Ye Yin Xuguang Du Gengsheng Cao Sen Wu Yaofeng Zhao Source Type: research
Molecular breeding of livestock for disease resistance
Virology. 2023 Aug 4;587:109862. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109862. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAnimal infectious diseases pose a significant threat to the global agriculture and biomedicine industries, leading to significant economic losses and public health risks. The emergence and spread of viral infections such as African swine fever virus (ASFV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) have highlighted the need for innovative approaches to develop resilient and disease-resistant animal populations. Gene editing technologies, ...
Source: Virology - August 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Fei Gao Pan Li Ye Yin Xuguang Du Gengsheng Cao Sen Wu Yaofeng Zhao Source Type: research
Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model
P. M. van Diemen et al. (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal - August 8, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Human-to-swine introductions and onward transmission of 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza viruses in Brazil
DiscussionThe virus underwent continuous antigenic drift, and a balance was established between swine-to-swine transmission and extinction, with minimal sustained onward transmission from humans to swine. These results emphasize the dynamic interplay between human-to-swine transmission, antigenic drift, and the establishment of swine-to-swine transmission in shaping the evolution and persistence of H1N1pdm09 in swine populations. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - August 8, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Misclassified: identification of zoonotic transition biomarker candidates for influenza A viruses using deep neural network
Discussion: Analysis of viral sequences using neural network interpretation approaches revealed important genetic differences between zoonotic viruses with pandemic potential, compared to non-zoonotic viral strains or zoonotic viruses incapable of Human-to-Human transmission. (Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - July 27, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Human anti-N1 monoclonal antibodies elicited by pandemic H1N1 virus infection broadly inhibit HxN1 viruses in vitro and in vivo
Optimizing neuraminidase antigenicity is essential for improving influenza vaccines. Hansen et al. isolated human monoclonal antibodies with broad enzyme inhibition activity against human, avian, and swine N1 neuraminidase that provided robust protection in vivo. Cryo-EM revealed highly conserved sites on the lateral face of neuraminidase, distal to the active site. (Source: Immunity)
Source: Immunity - July 27, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lena Hansen, Meagan McMahon, Hannah L. Turner, Xueyong Zhu, Jackson S. Turner, Gabriel Ozorowski, Daniel Stadlbauer, Juha Vahokoski, Aaron J. Schmitz, Amena A. Rizk, Wafaa B. Alsoussi, Shirin Strohmeier, Wenli Yu, Jos é Alberto Choreño-Parra, Luis Jimé Tags: Article Source Type: research
NS1 and PA-X of H1N1/09 influenza virus act in a concerted manner to manipulate the innate immune response of porcine respiratory epithelial cells
In conclusion, these findings indicate that NS1 and PA-X act in a concerted manner to manipulate the host cell response, which may help to develop swine LAIV vaccine with a more favorable balance of safety and immunogenicity. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - July 26, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Consequences of asymmetric mutational pressure for the dynamic of linear B-cell epitopes repertoire of influenza a virus neuraminidase rearrangement
Biosystems. 2023 Jul 11:104970. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104970. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFull-length nucleotide sequences of avian influenza A virus neuraminidase coding region (20,631 sequences) were analyzed and compared with those isolated from viruses infecting human and swine (63,750 sequences). If in fourfold degenerate sites there is asymmetric A-bias that may be more or less asymmetric depending on the type of neuraminidase and the host, than in twofold degenerate sites from third codon positions there is a strong asymmetric U-bias in coding regions of N4, N5, and N8 isolated from viruses infecting bird...
Source: Biosystems - July 13, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Vladislav Victorovich Khrustalev Aleksander Nicolaevich Stojarov Chenguang Shen Tatyana Aleksandrovna Khrustaleva Source Type: research
Consequences of asymmetric mutational pressure for the dynamic of linear B-cell epitopes repertoire of influenza a virus neuraminidase rearrangement
Biosystems. 2023 Jul 11:104970. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104970. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFull-length nucleotide sequences of avian influenza A virus neuraminidase coding region (20,631 sequences) were analyzed and compared with those isolated from viruses infecting human and swine (63,750 sequences). If in fourfold degenerate sites there is asymmetric A-bias that may be more or less asymmetric depending on the type of neuraminidase and the host, than in twofold degenerate sites from third codon positions there is a strong asymmetric U-bias in coding regions of N4, N5, and N8 isolated from viruses infecting bird...
Source: Biosystems - July 13, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Vladislav Victorovich Khrustalev Aleksander Nicolaevich Stojarov Chenguang Shen Tatyana Aleksandrovna Khrustaleva Source Type: research
Dihydromyricetin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by downregulating toll-like receptor 4-dependent pyroptosis in vitro
This study aimed to identify novel compounds with anti-ASFV activity. To this end, we screened a small chemical library of 102 compounds, among which the natural flavonoid dihydromyricetin (DHM) exhibited the most potent anti-ASFV activity. DHM treatment inhibited ASFV replication in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it inhibited porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and swine influenza virus replication, which suggested that DHM exerts broad-spectrum antiviral effects. Mechanistically, DHM treatment inhibited ASFV replication in various ways in the time-to-addition assay, including pre-, co-, a...
Source: Veterinary Research - July 12, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Long-Term Epidemiology and Evolution of Swine Influenza Viruses, Vietnam
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;29(7):1397-1406. doi: 10.3201/eid2907.230165.ABSTRACTInfluenza A viruses are a One Health threat because they can spill over between host populations, including among humans, swine, and birds. Surveillance of swine influenza virus in Hanoi, Vietnam, during 2013-2019 revealed gene pool enrichment from imported swine from Asia and North America and showed long-term maintenance, persistence, and reassortment of virus lineages. Genome sequencing showed continuous enrichment of H1 and H3 diversity through repeat introduction of human virus variants and swine influenza viruses endemic in other countrie...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - June 22, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jonathan Cheung Anh Ngoc Bui Sonia Younas Kimberly M Edwards Huy Quang Nguyen Ngoc Thi Pham Vuong Nghia Bui Malik Peiris Vijaykrishna Dhanasekaran Source Type: research
Long-Term Epidemiology and Evolution of Swine Influenza Viruses, Vietnam
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;29(7):1397-1406. doi: 10.3201/eid2907.230165.ABSTRACTInfluenza A viruses are a One Health threat because they can spill over between host populations, including among humans, swine, and birds. Surveillance of swine influenza virus in Hanoi, Vietnam, during 2013-2019 revealed gene pool enrichment from imported swine from Asia and North America and showed long-term maintenance, persistence, and reassortment of virus lineages. Genome sequencing showed continuous enrichment of H1 and H3 diversity through repeat introduction of human virus variants and swine influenza viruses endemic in other countrie...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - June 22, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jonathan Cheung Anh Ngoc Bui Sonia Younas Kimberly M Edwards Huy Quang Nguyen Ngoc Thi Pham Vuong Nghia Bui Malik Peiris Vijaykrishna Dhanasekaran Source Type: research
