Vaccination, Dispossession, and the Indigenous Interior
This article explores a poorly understood smallpox vaccination campaign targeting Native Americans in the 1830s. While previous scholars have addressed the motivations of U.S. officials in launching the campaign, the author focuses on Indigenous people's interest in disease prevention and their reception of American physicians and vaccine technology across a broad swath of North America. Resistance to vaccination was not uncommon among Native people, yet many were open to the new form of preventive medicine, including some who sought it out and others who demanded it from the government. Departing from a scholarly consensu...
Source: Bulletin of the History of Medicine - April 8, 2024 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Seth Archer Source Type: research
Wanning Smallpox Vaccination, Decreased Population Immunity Rate and Increased Incidence of Monkeypox: Reappraisal on West African Situation
Dear Editor, In addition to the well ‑known pox infections, new zoonotic pox diseases have emerged, and they are now a global concern. Monkey pox has expanded across Europe as a result of its widespread outbreak, posing a severe public health risk. Monkey pox is an uncommon pox infection that has resurfaced due to zoonosis. International Journal of Preventive Medicine 14():130, December 2023. | DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_189_22 Corresponding Author: Dr. Rujittika MungmunpuntipantipE ‑mail: rujitika@gmail.comYou can also search for this author in:PubMed Google Scholar (Source: International Journal of Preventive Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Preventive Medicine - April 8, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Maintaining the Region of the Americas free of polio: best practices for incident management support teams
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2024 Apr 1;48:e23. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2024.23. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTThe Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and its Member States have been leading the efforts to eradicate wild poliovirus in the Region of Americas since smallpox's successful elimination in 1971. The region became the first to be certified free of wild poliovirus in 1994. However, in July 2022, an unvaccinated patient with no recent travel history was diagnosed with poliomyelitis in the United States of America. In response to the emergence of a circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus in the United States, PAHO established t...
Source: Pan American Journal of Public Health - April 2, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Carlos A Emanuele Anne E Jean Baptiste Ana E Ch évez Mirta Magarinos Maite V Antelo Sonia Arza Emilia Cain Gloria Rey-Benito Martha Velandia-Gonzalez Daniel Salas Source Type: research
Smallpox Geographies: vaccination, borders and Indigenous peoples in Australia's coastal north
This article asks what this combination looked like in practice by exploring two neglected smallpox vaccination campaigns directed towards Indigenous peoples in the early twentieth century. We argue these were important campaigns because they were the first two pre-emptive, rather than reactionary, vaccination programs directed towards First Nations people. Second, both episodes occurred in Australia's northern coastline, where the porous maritime geography and proximity to Southeast Asia posed a point of vulnerability for Australian health officials. While smallpox was never endemic, (though epidemic), in Australia, it wa...
Source: Medical History - March 18, 2024 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Chi Chi Huang Alison Bashford Source Type: research
Smallpox Geographies: vaccination, borders and Indigenous peoples in Australia's coastal north
This article asks what this combination looked like in practice by exploring two neglected smallpox vaccination campaigns directed towards Indigenous peoples in the early twentieth century. We argue these were important campaigns because they were the first two pre-emptive, rather than reactionary, vaccination programs directed towards First Nations people. Second, both episodes occurred in Australia's northern coastline, where the porous maritime geography and proximity to Southeast Asia posed a point of vulnerability for Australian health officials. While smallpox was never endemic, (though epidemic), in Australia, it wa...
Source: Medical History - March 18, 2024 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Chi Chi Huang Alison Bashford Source Type: research
Vaccine Development
This article considers ethical considerations surrounding pediatric vaccine development for pandemic preparedness, examines some historical cases of pediatric vaccines developed during past smallpox, influenza, and 2019 coronavirus disease pandemics, and discusses the current state of vaccine development for pandemic preparedness, including vaccines against smallpox/mpox, influenza, anthrax, and Ebola that are included in the US Strategic National Stockpile and vaccines being developed against priority pathogens identified by the World Health Organization. (Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Elizabeth A.D. Hammershaimb, James D. Campbell Source Type: research
Role of vaccination in patients with human monkeypox virus and its cardiovascular manifestations
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Jan 4;86(3):1506-1516. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001674. eCollection 2024 Mar.ABSTRACTHuman monkeypox, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is an emerging infectious disease with the potential for human-to-human transmission and diverse clinical presentations. While generally considered milder than smallpox, it can lead to severe cardiovascular complications. The virus primarily spreads through contact with infected animals or through human-to-human transmission. Cardiovascular involvement in human monkeypox is rare but has been associated with myocarditis, pericarditis, arrhythmias, and even fu...
Source: Annals of Medicine - March 11, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Khawaja Usama Maqbool Muhammad Talha Akhtar Shayan Ayub Fnu Simran Jahanzeb Malik Maria Malik Rafia Zubair Amin Mehmoodi Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 374: Evolution of Virology: Science History through Milestones and Technological Advancements
Lu Lu
Huan Liu
The history of virology, which is marked by transformative breakthroughs, spans microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology. From the development of Jenner’s smallpox vaccine in 1796 to 20th-century innovations such as ultrafiltration and electron microscopy, the field of virology has undergone significant development. In 1898, Beijerinck laid the conceptual foundation for virology, marking a pivotal moment in the evolution of the discipline. Advancements in influenza A virus research in 1933 by Richard Shope furthered our understanding of respiratory pathogens. Additio...
Source: Viruses - February 28, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Kunlan Zuo Wanying Gao Zongzhen Wu Lei Zhang Jiafeng Wang Xuefan Yuan Chun Li Qiangyu Xiang Lu Lu Huan Liu Tags: Review Source Type: research
News at a glance: Layoffs at JPL, fossils of ancient innards, and Darwin ’s library
PLANETARY SCIENCE
NASA cuts jobs at storied lab
NASA’s premier center for space science, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, announced last week it would lay off 530 employees, about 8% of its workforce, along with 40 contractors, because of uncertainty over this year’s budget and lawmakers’ qualms about skyrocketing costs for the Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. After arrival at Mars as early as 2030, the $10 billion effort would pick up rock samples collected by the Perseverance rover, load them in a rocket, and ferry them back to Earth. A Senate appropriations bill for this year would provide...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - February 15, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
History, politics, and variolation vaccination hesitancy in the American South during the American Civil War
Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2024 Feb 8;37(2):357-360. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2295824. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTExamining the history of vaccination in the Civil War reveals lessons about why citizens resisted vaccination and how physicians tried to respond to the problems associated with combating epidemic diseases like smallpox. The Confederate government and physicians failed to effectively advocate to the public and collect information in an organized manner, and they suffered failures in getting enough citizens and soldiers vaccinated. Some Confederate physicians like Joseph Jones studied vaccination, but this came ...
Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings - February 12, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Laura Elizabeth Smith Allen Driggers Cheyenne L Douthitt Source Type: research
Updating Reproduction Number Estimates for Mpox in the Democratic Republic of Congo Using Surveillance Data
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Feb 6:tpmd230215. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0215. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncidence of human monkeypox (mpox) has been increasing in West and Central Africa, including in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic. Most estimates of the pathogen's transmissibility in the DRC are based on data from the 1980s. Amid the global 2022 mpox outbreak, new estimates are needed to characterize the virus' epidemic potential and inform outbreak control strategies. We used the R package vimes to identify clusters of laboratory-confirmed mpox cases in Tshuapa Province, DRC. ...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - February 6, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kelly Charniga Andrea M McCollum Christine M Hughes Benjamin Monroe Joelle Kabamba Robert Shongo Lushima Toutou Likafi Beatrice Nguete Elisabeth Pukuta Elisabeth Muyamuna Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum Stomy Karhemere Didine Kaba Yoshinori Nakazawa Source Type: research
Updating Reproduction Number Estimates for Mpox in the Democratic Republic of Congo Using Surveillance Data
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Feb 6:tpmd230215. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0215. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncidence of human monkeypox (mpox) has been increasing in West and Central Africa, including in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic. Most estimates of the pathogen's transmissibility in the DRC are based on data from the 1980s. Amid the global 2022 mpox outbreak, new estimates are needed to characterize the virus' epidemic potential and inform outbreak control strategies. We used the R package vimes to identify clusters of laboratory-confirmed mpox cases in Tshuapa Province, DRC. ...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 6, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Kelly Charniga Andrea M McCollum Christine M Hughes Benjamin Monroe Joelle Kabamba Robert Shongo Lushima Toutou Likafi Beatrice Nguete Elisabeth Pukuta Elisabeth Muyamuna Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum Stomy Karhemere Didine Kaba Yoshinori Nakazawa Source Type: research
