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Specialty: Cytology

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Total 1150 results found since Jan 2013.

Improving neurorepair in stroke brain through endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs.
Abstract Stroke induces not only cell death but also neurorepair. De novo neurogenesis has been found in the subventricular zone(SVZ) of adult mammalian brain days after stroke. Most of these newly generated cells die shortly after the insult. Recent studies have shown that pharmacological manipulation can improve the survival of endogenous neuroprogenitor cells and neural regeneration in stroke rats. As these drugs target the endogenous reparative processes which occur days after stroke, they may provide a prolonged window for stroke therapy. Here, we discuss endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs, and review th...
Source: Cell Transplantation - April 26, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu KJ, Yu S, Lee JY, Hoffer B, Wang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Improving Neurorepair in Stroke Brain Through Endogenous Neurogenesis-Enhancing Drugs.
Abstract Stroke induces not only cell death but also neurorepair. De novo neurogenesis has been found in the subventricular zone of the adult mammalian brain days after stroke. Most of these newly generated cells die shortly after the insult. Recent studies have shown that pharmacological manipulation can improve the survival of endogenous neuroprogenitor cells and neural regeneration in stroke rats. As these drugs target the endogenous reparative processes that occur days after stroke, they may provide a prolonged window for stroke therapy. Here, we discuss endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs and review the g...
Source: Cell Transplantation - September 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu KJ, Yu S, Lee JY, Hoffer B, Wang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Revascularization and Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Stroke.
Abstract Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Tremendous improvements have been achieved in the acute care of stroke patients with the implementation of stroke units, thrombolytic drugs and endovascular trombectomies. However, stroke survivors with neurological deficits require long periods of neurorehabilitation, which is the only approved therapy for post- stroke recovery. With this scenario more treatments are urgently needed, and only the understanding of the mechanisms of brain recovery might contribute to identify new therapeutic agents. Fortunately brain injury after stroke...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - August 22, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Esquiva G, Grayston A, Rosell A Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Potential of Exosomes for the Treatment of Stroke.
Abstract Stroke is the result of blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain and is the leading cause of death and disability in the world. Currently only a very limited number of therapeutic approaches are available for treatment of stroke patients, and the vast majority of neuroprotective agents that tested positively in pre-clinical studies failed in clinical trials. In recent years, the clinical value of the use of exosomes for stroke treatment has received widespread attention due their unique characteristics such as low immunogenicity, low toxicity and biodegradability, ability to cross the blood-brain...
Source: Cell Transplantation - December 6, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Hong SB, Yang H, Manaenko A, Lu J, Mei Q, Hu Q Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Secondary Pathology of the Thalamus after Focal Cortical Stroke in Rats is not Associated with Thermal or Mechanical Hypersensitivity and is Not Alleviated by Intra-Thalamic Post-Stroke Delivery of Recombinant CDNF or MANF.
Abstract A stroke affecting the somatosensory pathway can trigger central post-stroke pain syndrome (CPSP). The symptoms often include hyperalgesia, which has also been described in rodents after the direct damage of the thalamus. Previous studies have shown that hemorrhagic stroke or ischemia caused by vasoconstriction in the thalamus induces increased pain sensitivity. We investigated whether inducing secondary damage in the thalamus by a cortical stroke causes similar pain hypersensitivity as has previously been reported with direct ischemic injury. We induced a focal cortical ischemia-reperfusion injury in mal...
Source: Cell Transplantation - April 29, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Anttila JE, Pöyhönen S, Airavaara M Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid Resistance is Associated with Poor Functional Outcome After Stroke.
In conclusion, GC resistance is associated with poor functional outcome after stroke. PMID: 32107751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - February 26, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Lopatkiewicz AM, Gradek-Kwinta E, Czyzycki M, Pera J, Slowik A, Dziedzic T Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Missense Variants in Hypoxia-Induced VEGFA/VEGFR2 Signaling Predict the Outcome of Large Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke.
Abstract Collateral density variations are a major determinant of stroke outcome. Here, we explored the association of missense variants in hypoxia-induced VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and stroke outcome. We recruited 683 large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke patients as the training set from Nanjing Stroke Registry Program between August 2013 and January 2016. To validate the findings from the training set, we recruited an additional 333 LAA stroke patients between February 2016 and January 2017 as the validation set. Genotyping of target SNPs (rs11549465 [HIF-1α], rs11549467 [HIF-1α], rs1870377 [VEGFR2], and rs2...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - June 5, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Li Z, Wang M, Gu J, Zhao L, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Liu X Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), A New Target in Stroke.
Abstract Stroke has become the most disabling and the second most fatal disease in the world. It has been a top priority to reveal the pathophysiology of stroke at cellular and molecular levels. A large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified to be abnormally expressed after stroke. Here, we summarize 35 lncRNAs associated with stroke, and clarify their functions on the prognosis through signal transduction and predictive values as biomarkers. Changes in the expression of these lncRNAs mediate a wide range of pathological processes in stroke, including apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and aut...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - August 30, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang Z, Li X, Huang L, Liu G, Chen Y, Li B, Zhao X, Xie R, Li Y, Fang W Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

The counter regulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system in the brain and ischaemic stroke: Insight from preclinical stroke studies and therapeutic potential.
Abstract Stroke is the 2nd leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of physical disability and cognitive issues. Although we have made progress in certain aspects of stroke treatment, the consequences remain substantial and new treatments are needed. Hypertension has long been recognised as a major risk factor for stroke, both haemorrhagic and ischaemic. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation and this, plus local expression and signalling of RAS in the brain, both support the potential for targeting this axis therapeutically in the setting of stroke. While hi...
Source: Cellular Signalling - October 12, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: McFall A, Nicklin SA, Work LM Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

PARP14 inhibits microglial activation via LPAR5 to promote post-stroke functional recovery.
Abstract Stroke is a major public health problem leading to high rates of death and disability worldwide, but no effective pharmacological therapy is currently available except for the use of PLAT (plasminogen activator, tissue). Here we show that PARP14 (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 14) level was significantly increased in the peri-infarct zone of photothrombotic stroke (PT) mice. Genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of PARP14 aggravated functional impairment and increased infarct volume in PT mice, while overexpression of PARP14 displayed the opposite effects. Furthermore, PARP14 was a...
Source: Autophagy - December 15, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Tang Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Yang L, Han B, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Shen L, Li M, Jiang T, Ye Q, Yu X, Huang R, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Yao H Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

Functional Assessment of Stroke-Induced Regulation of miR-20a-3p and Its Role as a Neuroprotectant
This study identifies and characterizes a specific member of the miR-17-92 cluster, miR-20a-3p, as a possible stroke therapeutic. A comprehensive microRNA screening showed that miR-20a-3p was significantly upregulated in astrocytes of adult female rats, which typically have better stroke outcomes, while it was profoundly downregulated in astrocytes of middle-aged females and adult and middle-aged males, groups that typically have more severe stroke outcomes. Assays using primary human astrocytes and neurons show that miR-20a-3p treatment alters mitochondrial dynamics in both cell types. To assess whether stroke outcomes co...
Source: Cell Research - September 27, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Taylor E Branyan Amutha Selvamani Min Jung Park Kriti E Korula Kelby F Kosel Rahul Srinivasan Farida Sohrabji Source Type: research

Neural Stem Cells Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges
Transl Stroke Res. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-00984-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIschemic stroke, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cerebrovascular accident and results in severe neurological deficits. Despite advances in medical and surgical intervention, post-stroke therapies remain scarce, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Over the past decades, stem cell transplantation has been recognized as very promising therapy for neurological diseases. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is the optimal choice for ischemic stroke as NSCs inherently reside in the brain...
Source: Cell Research - January 15, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Tong Zhao Tongming Zhu Liqian Xie Yao Li Rong Xie Feng Xu Hailiang Tang Jianhong Zhu Source Type: research

Unpacking the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications
Transl Stroke Res. 2022 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-01027-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Inflammation and microvascular dysfunction have been associated with brain injury and long-term disability after both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Recent studies have suggested a potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a link underlying these pathogenic processes. EVs are cell-derived particles enveloped by a lipid bilayer, containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. From a functional standpoint, EVs can facilitate intercellular communication, including...
Source: Cell Research - May 6, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Yonatan Hirsch Joseph R Geraghty Cory R Reiter Eitan A Katz Conner F Little Matthew K Tobin Fernando D Testai Source Type: research

Endogenous Neural Stem Cell-induced Neurogenesis after Ischemic Stroke: Processes for Brain Repair and Perspectives
Transl Stroke Res. 2022 Sep 3. doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-01078-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIschemic stroke is a very common cerebrovascular accident that occurred in adults and causes higher risk of neural deficits. After ischemic stroke, patients are often left with severe neurological deficits. Therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke might mitigate neuronal loss due to delayed neural cell death in the penumbra or seek to replace dead neural cells in the ischemic core. Currently, stem cell therapy is the most promising approach for inducing neurogenesis for neural repair after ischemic stroke. Stem cell treatments i...
Source: Cell Research - September 3, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Hailiang Tang Yao Li Weijun Tang Jianhong Zhu Graham C Parker John H Zhang Source Type: research

Expression of Tie2 (angiopoietin receptor) on the monocyte subpopulations from ischemic stroke patients: Histological and flowcytometric studies
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate dysregulation of angiogenesis in monocyte subsets in ischemic stroke patients, which could be used as an early diagnostic marker of neurovascular damage and may need angiogenic therapy or improved medications to prevent further damage of blood vessels.PMID:36876965 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-601
Source: Histology and Histopathology - March 6, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Aziza R Alrafiah Source Type: research