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Total 384 results found since Jan 2013.

Conventional and molecular imaging in sickle cell disease
Conclusions: Central nervous system: About 25% of SCD patients are affected by vascular involvement of central nervous system. CT scan has been used to detect cerebral infarction. Subclinical cranial MRI lesions yield important predictive values as a risk factor of stroke, even when detected in asymptomatic patients. SPECT is a useful technique for early detection of deficits in cerebral perfusion in patients with SCD. Decreases in cerebral perfusions may lead to silent infarction, stroke, or neurocognitive diseases. PET may improve sensitivity in detection of impaired metabolism in the area surrounding a major vessel infa...
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 18, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Taghvaei, R., Sirous, R., Raynor, W., Amanullah, A., Werner, T., Revheim, M.-E., Hoilund-Carlsen, P. F., Alavi, A. Tags: General Clinical Specialties Source Type: research

Hypocapnia Induced by Hyperventilation with Indocyanine Green Kinetics Detects the Effect of Staged Carotid Angioplasty to Avoid Hyperperfusion in Patients with Impaired Cerebral Hemodynamic Reserve
AbstractCerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) is a serious complication following carotid artery stenting (CAS). Staged angioplasty (AP) could potentially prevent CHS and hyperperfusion phenomenon (HPP) after revascularization. However, methods for measuring the effects of staged AP on cerebral hemodynamic reserve have not been established. Here, we evaluated whether indocyanine green kinetics and near-infrared spectroscopy (ICG-NIRS) with hypocapnia induced by hyperventilation can detect the effects of staged AP on hemodynamic reserve to prevent CHS after CAS. Participants comprised 44 patients at high risk of CHS, whose...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Intentional Supernumerary Motor Phantom Limb after Right Cerebral Stroke: A Case Report
A 47-year-old right-handed man was admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation after right basal ganglion hematoma. On day 57, he noticed a supernumerary motor phantom limb (SPL) involving his right arm, originating at the level of the elbow. The most notable finding of his SPL was the motor characteristic. When the subject had the intention to move the upper paralyzed limb simultaneously with the trainer ’s facilitating action, he said “there is another arm.” The intention to move the paralyzed arm alone or passive movement of the paralyzed arm did not induce the SPL. He showed a severe left sensorimotor impairment ...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - April 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Will MRI replace the EEG for the diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus, especially focal?
Authors: Gelisse P, Genton P, Crespel A, Lefevre PH Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can now be used to diagnose or to provide confirmation of focal nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Approximately half of patients with status epilepticus (SE) have signal changes. MRI can also aid in the differential diagnosis with generalized NCSE when there is a clinical or EEG doubt, e.g. with metabolic/toxic encephalopathies or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. With the development of stroke centers, MRI is available 24h/24 in most hospitals. MRI has a higher spatial resolution than electroencephalography (EEG). MRI wit...
Source: Revue Neurologique - January 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus With Neuropsychological Symptoms: Two Case Reports
We report two such cases. Case 1, a 62-year-old man with a history of a subcortical hemorrhage in the right lateral temporal lobe and a brain infarct in the left medial temporo-occipital lobes, suddenly developed left unilateral spatial neglect and visual object agnosia. Diffusion-weighted imaging indicated status epilepticus, not stroke. His deficits resolved immediately after treatment with diazepam and phenytoin sodium. Case 2, a 61-year-old man with a history of brain infarcts in the right lateral temporal and left medial temporo-occipital lobes, suddenly developed global aphasia and cortical deafness. An MRI revealed ...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Preoperatively estimated graft flow rate contributes to the improvement of hemodynamics in revascularization for Moyamoya disease
Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular disease that is characterized by chronic progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) on both sides of the brain, which results in an abnormal vascular network of the collateral pathways at the base of the brain.1,2 Therefore, patients with Moyamoya disease have a decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and reduced cerebral perfusion pressure,3 which can result in ischemic and/or hemorrhagic stroke. This hemodynamic condition can be evaluated using positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as the gold standard procedure.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Tomoyoshi Kuribara, Takeshi Mikami, Katsuya Komatsu, Yusuke Kimura, Sangnyon Kim, Kei Miyata, Yukinori Akiyama, Rei Enatsu, Toru Hirano, Nobuhiro Mikuni Source Type: research

Dabigatran vs. Aspirin for Secondary Prevention After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source 　- Japanese Subanalysis of the RE-SPECT ESUS Randomized Controlled Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Dabigatran was putatively associated with a lower relative risk of recurrent stroke compared with aspirin in Japanese ESUS patients. PMID: 33132228 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Journal - October 30, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Toyoda K, Uchiyama S, Hagihara Y, Kuwashiro T, Mori T, Kamiyama K, Urano Y, Taniguchi A, Nozaki K, Cronin L, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Diener HC Tags: Circ J Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 4749: A Review of Molecular Imaging of Glutamate Receptors
umming Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a well-established and important in vivo technique to evaluate fundamental biological processes and unravel the role of neurotransmitter receptors in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Specific ligands are available for PET/SPECT studies of dopamine, serotonin, and opiate receptors, but corresponding development of radiotracers for receptors of glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in mammalian brain, has lagged behind. This state of affairs has persisted despite the central importance o...
Source: Molecules - October 16, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jong-Hoon Kim J ános Marton Simon Mensah Ametamey Paul Cumming Tags: Review Source Type: research

Left ventricular concentric remodeling and impaired cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.
CONCLUSIONS: Post-exercise reduced LV volumes correlate with measures of impaired CRF in patients with HFpEF, thus supporting a pathophysiologic role of concentric remodeling in impaired CRF in HFpEF. PMID: 32996304 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Minerva Cardioangiologica - October 2, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: Minerva Cardioangiol Source Type: research

Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging with D-SPECT camera in patients with ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA)
ConclusionsD-SPECT MPI provides excellent prognostic information, with a more severe prognosis in patients with abnormal D-SPECT MPI. INOCA patients with abnormal D-SPECT MPI experience a poor prognosis similar to that of patients with obstructive CAD.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Cardiology - September 29, 2020 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

High-intensity vessel sign on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging: a novel imaging marker of high-risk carotid stenosis —a MRI and SPECT study
ConclusionThere are two possible mechanisms of HVS, hemodynamic impairment due to severe carotid stenosis and micro-embolism from unstable plaques. HVS could be a radiological marker for high-risk carotid stenosis.
Source: Acta Neurochirurgica - September 10, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research

Prediction of Cerebral Hyperperfusion after Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis by Three-Dimensional-Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Adult Patients with Moyamoya Disease
Conclusion: The signal intensity of the intracranial major arteries, including the ACA, MCA, and PCA, on preoperative 3D-TOF MRA may identify adult MMD patients at higher risk for CHP after direct revascularization surgery.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Detection of impaired cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia using whole-brain 7T MRA
We examined whether whole-brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 7T could non-invasively detect impaired CVR in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia by demonstrating the leptomeningeal collaterals (LMCs).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ikuko Uwano, Hiroyuki Kameda, Taisuke Harada, Masakazu Kobayashi, Wataru Yanagihara, Kengo Setta, Kuniaki Ogasawara, Kunihiro Yoshioka, Fumio Yamashita, Futoshi Mori, Tsuyoshi Matsuda, Makoto Sasaki Source Type: research

Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion in an Adult with Cerebellar Ataxia: A Case Report.
Abstract Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by transient mild encephalopathy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). Patients with MERS generally present with central nervous system symptoms such as consciousness disturbance, headache, and seizure; adult-onset MERS with cerebellar ataxia is rare. A 53-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever of 1 week's duration, headache, neck stiffness, and gait disturbance. Neurological examination revealed...
Source: Journal of Nippon Medical School - July 15, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Nakajima M, Suda S, Kimura K Tags: J Nippon Med Sch Source Type: research

Multimodal evaluation of the cerebrovascular reserve in Neurofibromatosis type 1 patients with Moyamoya syndrome
ConclusionsAlthough SPECT imaging still represents the gold standard for CBF assessment, our results suggest that data obtained using DSC perfusion technique, and in particular MTT maps, might be a very useful and noninvasive tool for evaluating hemodynamic status in MMS-NF1 patients.
Source: Neurological Sciences - July 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research