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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

Flipper stroke rate and venous oxygen levels in free-ranging California sea lions RESEARCH ARTICLE
Michael S. Tift, Luis A. Hückstädt, Birgitte I. McDonald, Philip H. Thorson, and Paul J. Ponganis The depletion rate of the blood oxygen store, development of hypoxemia and dive capacity are dependent on the distribution and rate of blood oxygen delivery to tissues while diving. Although blood oxygen extraction by working muscle would increase the blood oxygen depletion rate in a swimming animal, there is little information on the relationship between muscle workload and blood oxygen depletion during dives. Therefore, we examined flipper stroke rate, a proxy of muscle workload, and posterior vena cava oxyg...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - April 19, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Tift, M. S., Hückstädt, L. A., McDonald, B. I., Thorson, P. H., Ponganis, P. J. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Phytoestrogen isoflavone intervention to engage the neuroprotective effect of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase against stroke Research
In the pathophysiologic setting of cerebral ischemia, excitotoxic levels of glutamate contribute to neuronal cell death. Our previous work demonstrated the ability of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) to metabolize neurotoxic glutamate in the stroke-affected brain. Here, we seek to identify small-molecule inducers of GOT expression to mitigate ischemic stroke injury. From a panel of phytoestrogen isoflavones, biochanin A (BCA) was identified as the most potent inducer of GOT gene expression in neural cells. BCA significantly increased GOT mRNA and protein expression at 24 h and protected against glutamate-induced c...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Khanna, S., Stewart, R., Gnyawali, S., Harris, H., Balch, M., Spieldenner, J., Sen, C. K., Rink, C. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Administration of 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid that potentially targets mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase confers cerebral preconditioning against ischemic stroke injury.
The objective of this study was to investigate a possible role of mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH) as a chemical preconditioning target for neuroprotection against ischemic injury. We used 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (MICA), a reportedly reversible DLDH inhibitor, as the preconditioning agent and administered MICA to rats mainly via dietary intake. Upon completion of 4 week's MICA treatment, rats underwent 1h transient ischemia and 24h reperfusion followed by tissue collection. Our results show that MICA protected the brain against ischemic stroke injury as the infarction volume of the brain from t...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - October 7, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Wu J, Li R, Li W, Ren M, Thangthaeng N, Sumien N, Liu R, Yang S, Simpkins JW, Forster MJ, Yan LJ Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The beneficial role of early exercise training following stroke and possible mechanisms
Publication date: 1 April 2018 Source:Life Sciences, Volume 198 Author(s): Ying Xing, Si-Dong Yang, Fang Dong, Man-Man Wang, Ya-Shuo Feng, Feng Zhang Exercise training is a regular therapy for stroke patients in clinic. However, whether the early exercise is beneficial for stroke patients is still controversial. The review was performed in databases of OVID, PUBMED, and ISI Web of Science, from respective inception to December 2017. In this review, we summarize the effect of different exercise intensity, initiation time, and style on ischemic stroke. Moreover, the possible mechanism is also discussed. The conclusion is th...
Source: Life Sciences - February 15, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Sex differences in outcomes and associated factors among stroke patients with small artery occlusion in China
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that it is crucial to control conventional risk factors and fasting plasma glucose and lipid levels among patients with SAO, especially male patients, to reduce the burden of stroke in China.
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - August 2, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Whole body hypothermia extends tissue plasminogen activator treatment window in the rat model of embolic stroke
Publication date: Available online 20 February 2020Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Mahsa Hassanipour, Mohammadreza Zarisfi, Vahid Ehsani, Mohammad AllahtavakoliAbstractLate treatment with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) leads to reperfusion injury and poor outcome in ischemic stroke. We have recently shown the beneficial effects of local brain hypothermia after late thrombolysis. Herein, we investigated whether transient whole-body hypothermia was neuroprotective and could prevent the side effects of late tPA therapy at 5.5 h after embolic stroke. After induction of stroke, male rats were randomly assigned into four g...
Source: Life Sciences - February 20, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Peroxynitrite activates NLRP3 inflammasome and contributes to hemorrhagic transformation and poor outcome in ischemic stroke with hyperglycemia.
In conclusion, peroxynitrite could mediate activations of MMPs and NLRP3 inflammasome, aggravate the BBB damage and HT, and induce poor outcome in ischemic stroke with hyperglycemia. Therefore, targeting peroxynitrite-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome could be a promising strategy for ischemic stroke with hyperglycemia. PMID: 33515754 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 27, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Chen H, Guan B, Chen S, Yang D, Shen J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Serum/Plasma Zinc Is Apparently Increased in Ischemic Stroke: a Meta-analysis
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Apr 6. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02703-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTZinc (Zn) is found in many neuronal pathways in the brain and has implications for neuromodulation and cerebrovascular disease. However, the association between Zn levels and stroke risk remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore these relationships. A systematic literature search using PubMed, EMBASE database, and Google Scholar was performed for relevant articles from inception to August 2020. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were considered the effect sizes...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 7, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Mengyun Huang Lijun Zhu Yan Chen Yuelong Jin Zhengmei Fang Yingshui Yao Source Type: research

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 contributes to N-acetylcysteine's protection in stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of adult morbidity and mortality with very limited treatment options. Evidence from pre-clinical models of ischemic stroke has demonstrated that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively protects the brain from ischemic injury. Here, we evaluated a new pathway through which NAC exerted its neuroprotection in a transient cerebral ischemia animal model. Our results demonstrated that pre-treatment of NAC increased protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), the regulatable subunit of HIF-1, and its target proteins erythropoietin (EPO) and glucose transporter (...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang Z, Yan J, Taheri S, Liu J, Shi H Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases oxidative stress, apoptosis and hippocampal damage in brain of a spontaneously stroke model.
Abstract Stroke is the most common cause of motor disabilities and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Adult stem cells have been shown to be effective against neuronal degeneration through mechanisms that include both the recovery of neurotransmitter activity and a decrease in apoptosis and oxidative stress. We chose the lineage Stroke Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHRSP) as a model for stem cells therapy. SHRSP can develop such severe hypertension that they generally suffer a stroke at approximately one year of age. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) decreas...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - February 10, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Longoni Calió M, Sousa Marinho D, Mi Ko G, Rodrigues R, Ferraz Carbonel A, Missae Oyama L, Ormanji M, Pinoti Guirao T, Luiz Calió P, Aparecida Reis L, de Jesus Simões M, Lisboa do Nascimento T, Teixeira Ferreira A, Rejane Antônio Bertoncini C Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

rLOAD: does sex mediate the effect of acute antiplatelet loading on stroke outcome
Conclusions Behavioral outcomes are improved with females with higher endogenous estrogen levels treated with standard dose antiplatelet loading. This is the first non-rodent study to demonstrate that higher endogenous estrogen levels in female rabbits appear to be neuroprotective in ischemic stroke. This research supports the further study of the effect of endogenous estrogen levels on outcome with standard dose antiplatelet loading in stroke patients not eligible for revascularization therapies.
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - July 15, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Impact of Cortical Lesions on Thalamo-Cortical Network Dynamics after Acute Ischaemic Stroke: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
by Joeri B. G. van Wijngaarden, Riccardo Zucca, Simon Finnigan, Paul F. M. J. Verschure The neocortex and thalamus provide a core substrate for perception, cognition, and action, and are interconnected through different direct and indirect pathways that maintain specific dynamics associated with functional states including wakefulness and sleep. It has been shown that a lack of excit ation, or enhanced subcortical inhibition, can disrupt this system and drive thalamic nuclei into an attractor state of low-frequency bursting and further entrainment of thalamo-cortical circuits, also called thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia (TCD...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - August 9, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Joeri B. G. van Wijngaarden Source Type: research

The effect of ultrasound for increasing neural differentiation in hBM-MSCs and inducing neurogenesis in ischemic stroke model
This study's purpose was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound in air at a frequency of 0.04MHz and an intensity of 50mW/cm2 on neural differentiation of hBM-MSCs in vitro and on neurogenesis in an ischemic stroke model. Materials and methods hBM-MSCs were exposed to 0.04MHz ultrasound and then compared with no exposed one in cell morphology, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, RT-PCR, and Western blot. In addition, we made stroke model mice by means of the photothrombosis (PT) method and these models were exposed to 0.04MHz ultrasound after hBM-MSCs injection. We compared with sham group in histological and immunohistoch...
Source: Life Sciences - August 30, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research