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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

Pulse transit time estimation of aortic pulse wave velocity and blood pressure using machine learning and simulated training data
by Janne M. J. Huttunen, Leo K ärkkäinen, Harri Lindholm Recent developments in cardiovascular modelling allow us to simulate blood flow in an entire human body. Such model can also be used to create databases of virtual subjects, with sizes limited only by computational resources. In this work, we study if it is possible to estimate cardiovascular heal th indices using machine learning approaches. In particular, we carry out theoretical assessment of estimating aortic pulse wave velocity, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and stroke volume using pulse transit/arrival timings derived from photopletyshmography signal...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - August 14, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Janne M. J. Huttunen Source Type: research

XQ-1H alleviates cerebral ischemia in mice through inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of neurogenesis in a Wnt/β-catenin signaling dependent way
Publication date: Available online 6 September 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Dan Xu, Kai Hou, Fengyang Li, Shijie Chen, Weirong Fang, Yunman LiAbstractAims10-O-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)-ginkgolide B methanesulfonate (XQ-1H), a new derivative of ginkgolide B, has drawn great attention for its potent bioactivities against ischemia-induced injury. The purpose of this study was to further investigate the effect of XQ-1H against acute ischemic stroke by inducing middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injuries in mice.Main methodsTreatment of XQ-1H (78 or 39 mg/kg, i.g., bid) 2 h after MCAO improved motor...
Source: Life Sciences - September 7, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The Notch pathway in CNS homeostasis and neurodegeneration
This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development> Flies Signaling Pathways> Cell Fate Signaling Nervous System Development> Vertebrates: General Principles
Source: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology - September 9, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Diana M. Ho, Spyros Artavanis ‐Tsakonas, Angeliki Louvi Tags: FOCUS ARTICLE Source Type: research

Impacts of cold and hot temperatures on mortality rate in Isfahan, Iran
Publication date: Available online 2 November 2019Source: Journal of Thermal BiologyAuthor(s): Rozhan Gholampour, Mohammad Darand, Amir Hossein HalabianAbstractExposure to cold and hot temperatures is known to have negative impacts on human health. It is the aim of the present study to assess the health effects of cold and hot temperatures on the population living in the city of Isfahan. Daily data on average temperature and mortalities during the nine-year period 2008–2016 were obtained. Mortalities were stratified by causes (non-accidental, cardiovascular, respiratory, and stroke) and by age groups (0–14 years, 15–...
Source: Journal of Thermal Biology - November 3, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Therapeutic Effect of Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Mobilization Combined with Anti-infective Therapy on Moyamoya Disease
Conclusion: autogenous bone marrow stem cell mobilization combined with dexamethasone anti-inflammation and anti-infection treatment after revascularization in patients with MMD can accelerate the recovery of nerve function and promote the formation of new blood vessels. At the same time, it can reduce inflammation and improve patients' quality of life, which is worthy of clinical reference.
Source: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences - December 19, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Treadmill exercise improves neurological function by inhibiting autophagy and the binding of HMGB1 to Beclin1 in MCAO juvenile rats
Publication date: Available online 8 January 2020Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Guoyuan Pan, Lingqin Jin, Weimin Shen, Jieqiong Zhang, Juanjuan Pan, Jingyan Cheng, Qingfeng Xie, Quan Hu, Shamin Wu, Hongmei Zhang, Xiang ChenAbstractAimsTreadmill exercise is a beneficial treatment following childhood stroke. Thus, studies focusing on the neuroprotective mechanism of exercise training during postischemic treatment in children with ischemic stroke are urgently needed. We evaluated the effects of treadmill exercise on autophagy after cerebral ischemia in young rats.Main methodsRats (23–25 days old) underwent cerebral ische...
Source: Life Sciences - January 9, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular responses to progressive hypoxia in ducks native to high altitude in the Andes RESEARCH ARTICLE
Sabine L. Lague, Catherine M. Ivy, Julia M. York, Beverly A. Chua, Luis Alza, Rebecca Cheek, Neal J. Dawson, Peter B. Frappell, Anthony P. Farrell, Kevin G. McCracken, Graham R. Scott, and William K. Milsom The cardiovascular system is critical for delivering O2 to tissues. Here we examine the cardiovascular responses to progressive hypoxia in four high-altitude Andean duck species compared to four related low-altitude populations in North America, tested at their native altitude. Ducks were exposed to stepwise decreases in inspired partial pressure of O2 while we monitored heart rate, O2 consumption rate, blood O2 saturat...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - February 9, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Lague, S. L., Ivy, C. M., York, J. M., Chua, B. A., Alza, L., Cheek, R., Dawson, N. J., Frappell, P. B., Farrell, A. P., McCracken, K. G., Scott, G. R., Milsom, W. K. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

A novel cylindrical overlap-and-fling mechanism used by sea butterflies RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ferhat Karakas, Amy E. Maas, and David W. Murphy The clap-and-fling mechanism is a well-studied, unsteady lift generation mechanism widely used by flying insects and is considered obligatory for tiny insects flying at low to intermediate Re. However, some aquatic zooplankters including some pteropod (i.e. sea butterfly) and heteropod species swimming at low to intermediate Re also use the clap-and-fling mechanism. These marine snails have extremely flexible, actively deformed, muscular wings which they flap reciprocally to create propulsive force, and these wings may enable novel lift generation mechanisms not available to...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - June 24, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Karakas, F., Maas, A. E., Murphy, D. W. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Androgens ’ effects on cerebrovascular function in health and disease
AbstractAndrogens affect the cerebral vasculature and may contribute to sex differences in cerebrovascular diseases. Men are at a greater risk for stroke and vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) compared to women throughout much of the lifespan. The cerebral vasculature is a target for direct androgen actions, as it expresses several sex steroid receptors and metabolizing enzymes. Androgens ’ actions on the cerebral vasculature are complex, as they have been shown to have both protective and detrimental effects, depending on factors such as age, dose, and disease state. When administered chr...
Source: Biology of Sex Differences - June 29, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

A novel cylindrical overlap-and-fling mechanism used by sea butterflies RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ferhat Karakas, Amy E. Maas, and David W. Murphy The clap-and-fling mechanism is a well-studied, unsteady lift generation mechanism widely used by flying insects and is considered obligatory for tiny insects flying at low to intermediate Reynolds numbers, Re. However, some aquatic zooplankters including some pteropod (i.e. sea butterfly) and heteropod species swimming at low to intermediate Re also use the clap-and-fling mechanism. These marine snails have extremely flexible, actively deformed, muscular wings which they flap reciprocally to create propulsive force, and these wings may enable novel lift generation mechanis...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - August 12, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Karakas, F., Maas, A. E., Murphy, D. W. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Rehmapicroside ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via attenuating peroxynitrite-mediated mitophagy activation.
Abstract Peroxynitrite (ONOO-)-mediated mitophagy activation represents a vital pathogenic mechanism in ischemic stroke. Our previous study suggests that ONOO- mediates Drp1 recruitment to the damaged mitochondria for excessive mitophagy, aggravating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and the ONOO--mediated mitophagy activation could be a crucial therapeutic target for improving outcome of ischemic stroke. In the present study, we tested the neuroprotective effects of rehmapicroside, a natural compound from a medicinal plant, on inhibiting ONOO--mediated mitophagy activation, attenuating infarct size and improvi...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - August 8, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang Y, He Y, Wu M, Chen H, Zhang L, Yang D, Wang Q, Shen J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Coronary blood flow influences tolerance to environmental extremes in fish RESEARCH ARTICLE
Daniel Morgenroth, Tristan McArley, Albin Gräns, Michael Axelsson, Erik Sandblom, and Andreas Ekström Approximately half of all fishes have, in addition to the luminal venous O2 supply, a coronary circulation supplying the heart with fully oxygenated blood. Yet, it is not fully understood how coronary O2 delivery affects tolerance to environmental extremes such as warming and hypoxia. Hypoxia reduces arterial oxygenation, while warming increases overall tissue O2 demand. Thus, as both stressors are associated with reduced venous O2 supply to the heart, we hypothesised that coronary flow benefits hypoxia and...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - March 9, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Morgenroth, D., McArley, T., Gräns, A., Axelsson, M., Sandblom, E., Ekström, A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Compensatory Changes of the Diastole under Conditions of Inflow Restriction to the Heart
This work was designed to study changes in the mechanical properties of rat myocardium during short-term (2-3 sec) compression of the lower vena cava. A catheter was inserted into the left ventricle, allowing simultaneous measurement of left-ventricular volume and pressure. The decrease in the left-ventricular end-diastolic volume caused by inflow restriction was accompanied by less pronounced decrease in the left-ventricular stroke volume and maximum rate of left-ventricular pressure development. This was coincided with accelerated relaxation and deeper fall of the minimum left-ventricular diastolic pressure. The lower wa...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - May 28, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: research

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