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Total 3361 results found since Jan 2013.

Novel Stroke Therapeutics: Unraveling Stroke Pathophysiology and Its Impact on Clinical Treatments
Publication date: 15 July 2015 Source:Neuron, Volume 87, Issue 2 Author(s): Paul M. George, Gary K. Steinberg Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Over the past few decades our understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke has increased, but greater insight is required to advance the field of stroke recovery. Clinical treatments have improved in the acute time window, but long-term therapeutics remain limited. Complex neural circuits damaged by ischemia make restoration of function after stroke difficult. New therapeutic approaches, including cell transplantation or stimulation, focus...
Source: Neuron - July 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery without aortic cross-clamping and with femoral cannulation is not associated with increased risk of stroke compared with traditional mitral valve surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis ADULT CARDIAC
CONCLUSIONS A minimally invasive approach for mitral valve surgery on a fibrillating heart was not associated with a greater incidence of stroke/TIA than was median sternotomy. When performed by highly experienced surgeons, the minimally invasive approach with fibrillatory arrest did not increase the risk of perioperative stroke.
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - November 17, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Ad, N., Holmes, S. D., Shuman, D. J., Pritchard, G., Massimiano, P. S. Tags: Transplantation - heart, Basic research vascular ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Safety and therapeutic potential of M2-macrophages in stroke treatment.
Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of autologous M2 macrophage transplantation in non-acute stroke patients. We also evaluated whether the intrathecal administration of macrophages influences the production of cytokines by peripheral blood cells, and whether the levels of cytokines correlate with stroke severity and responsiveness to celltherapy. For this, thirteen patients (12 males and one female with median 63 years) diagnosed with ischemic (n=10) or hemorrhagic (n=3) stroke have been subjected to cell transplantation therapy (study group). On average 21.9 x 10(6) of autolog...
Source: Cell Transplantation - December 14, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Chernykh ER, Shevela EY, Starostina NM, Morozov SA, Davydova MN, Menyaeva EV, Ostanin AA Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Stroke serum priming modulates characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells by controlling the expression miRNA-20a.
Abstract Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), expanded with fetal bovine serum (FBS), has some limitations, including a long culture period required to obtain sufficient stem cells. Priming of MSCs with serum from patients with ischemic stroke (stroke serum) increased the proliferation rate and the neurorestorative capacity of MSCs. We hypothesized that this novel priming method increases the proliferation rate of MSCs via the regulation of microRNAs (miRs). Thus, we investigated miR profiling in stroke serum primed MSCs and tested whether the regulation of certain miRs may affect the proliferation ra...
Source: Cell Transplantation - January 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim EH, Kim DH, Kim HR, Kim SY, Kim HH, Bang OY Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Therapeutic effect of ligustilide-stimulated adipose-derived stem cells in a mouse thromboembolic stroke model.
Abstract Stroke is a result of cerebral ischemia that triggers a cascade of both physiological and biochemical events. No effective treatment is available for stroke; however, stem cells have potential for use in rescue from the effects of stroke. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are an abundant source of adult stem cells; therefore, ADSC therapy can be considered as a future strategy for regenerative medicine. However, more research is required to improve the effectiveness of transplanted ADSCs as a treatment for stroke in the mouse stroke model. Ligustilide isolated from the herb Angelica sinensis exhibits a n...
Source: Cell Transplantation - January 18, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Chi K, Fu RH, Huang YC, Chen SY, Lin SZ, Huang PC, Lin PC, Chang FK, Liu SP Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Breaking the blood brain barrier to aid stem cell therapeutics in the chronic stroke brain.
Abstract Blood brain barrier (BBB) permeabilizers, such as mannitol, can facilitate peripherally delivered stem cells to exert the therapeutic benefits on the stroke brain. Although this BBB permeation-aided stem cell therapy has been demonstrated in the acute stage of stroke, such BBB permeation in the chronic stage of the disease remains to be examined. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats initially received sham surgery or experimental stroke via the one-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model. At one month after the MCAo surgery, stroke animals were randomly assigned to receive human umbilical cord stem cells ...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 15, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Tajiri N, Lee JY, Acosta S, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Cell Therapy for Stroke: Review of Previous Clinical Trials and Introduction of Our New Trials.
In this study, we introduce the preparation of a new clinical trial, the Research on Advanced Intervention using Novel Bone marrow stem cell (RAINBOW) study. The trial will start in 2016, and we hope that it will not only be helpful for treating patients but also for clarifying the therapeutic mechanisms. Moreover, we review stem cell therapeutics as an emerging paradigm in stroke (STEPS) and the guidelines for the development of cell therapy for stroke in the United States as well as introduce the development of new guidelines in Japan. These guidelines are expected to encourage the development of cell therapy for stroke ...
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - June 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Risk Factors for Stroke in People with End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Cohort Study
Conclusions: These findings could be used to establish reliable estimates of the risk of stroke in people with ESKD and identify those who are most likely to benefit from preventive treatments.Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;42:428-438
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 9, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ischemic Post-Conditioning Induces Post-Stroke Neuroprotection via Hsp70-Mediated Proteasome Inhibition and Facilitates Neural Progenitor Cell Transplantation
AbstractIn view of the failure of pharmacological therapies, alternative strategies promoting post-stroke brain repair are needed. Post-conditioning is a potentially promising therapeutic strategy, which induces acute neuroprotection against ischemic injury. To elucidate longer lasting actions of ischemic post-conditioning, mice were exposed to a 60-min stroke and post-conditioning by an additional 10-min stroke that was induced 10  min after reperfusion onset. Animals were sacrificed 24 h or 28 days post-stroke. Post-conditioning reduced infarct volume and neurological deficits 24 h post-stroke, enhancing blood-brain ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 2, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vitamin K antagonists for stroke prevention in hemodialysis patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion Our meta-analysis revealed a trend for a reduction of the risk of ischemic stroke in hemodialysis patients with AF treated with VKA. The true protective effect may have been underestimated, owing to inclusion of low-risk patients not expected to benefit from anticoagulation and to suboptimal anticoagulation. However, assessment of the overall effect of VKA in hemodialysis patients should also take into account the increased risk of bleeding, in particular of hemorrhagic stroke. Whether new oral anticoagulants provide a better benefit–risk ratio in hemodialysis patients should be the subject of future trials.
Source: American Heart Journal - October 4, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Effect of Milrinone Infusion on Pulmonary Vasculature and Stroke Work Indices: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis in 69 Patients Awaiting Cardiac Transplantation
ConclusionMilrinone improved left ventricular stroke work indices to a greater extent than right ventricular stroke work indices and had beneficial effects on right ventricular net input impedance, predominantly via augmentation of left ventricular stroke volume and passive unloading of the pulmonary circuit. Patients who had the worst biventricular performance benefited the most from chronic milrinone infusion.
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - March 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Improving neurorepair in stroke brain through endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs.
Abstract Stroke induces not only cell death but also neurorepair. De novo neurogenesis has been found in the subventricular zone(SVZ) of adult mammalian brain days after stroke. Most of these newly generated cells die shortly after the insult. Recent studies have shown that pharmacological manipulation can improve the survival of endogenous neuroprogenitor cells and neural regeneration in stroke rats. As these drugs target the endogenous reparative processes which occur days after stroke, they may provide a prolonged window for stroke therapy. Here, we discuss endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs, and review th...
Source: Cell Transplantation - April 26, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu KJ, Yu S, Lee JY, Hoffer B, Wang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Improving Neurorepair in Stroke Brain Through Endogenous Neurogenesis-Enhancing Drugs.
Abstract Stroke induces not only cell death but also neurorepair. De novo neurogenesis has been found in the subventricular zone of the adult mammalian brain days after stroke. Most of these newly generated cells die shortly after the insult. Recent studies have shown that pharmacological manipulation can improve the survival of endogenous neuroprogenitor cells and neural regeneration in stroke rats. As these drugs target the endogenous reparative processes that occur days after stroke, they may provide a prolonged window for stroke therapy. Here, we discuss endogenous neurogenesis-enhancing drugs and review the g...
Source: Cell Transplantation - September 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu KJ, Yu S, Lee JY, Hoffer B, Wang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Heat Stroke as a Cause of Liver Failure and Evaluation of Liver Transplant.
Abstract Heat stroke is a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome of poorly understood pathogenesis. Exertional heat stroke with acute liver failure is a rarely reported condition. Liver transplant has been recommended as treatment in cases of severe liver dysfunction; however, there are only 5 described cases of long-term survival after this procedure in patients with heat stroke. Here, we present 2 cases of young athletes who developed heat stroke. Both patients developed acute liver failure and were listed for liver transplant. Liver function tests of one patient improved, and he was discharged on postoperative day...
Source: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation - August 17, 2018 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Martins PN, Brüggenwirth IMA, McDaid J, Hertl M, Kawai T, Elias N, Chung RT, Markmann JF Tags: Exp Clin Transplant Source Type: research

Potential of Exosomes for the Treatment of Stroke.
Abstract Stroke is the result of blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain and is the leading cause of death and disability in the world. Currently only a very limited number of therapeutic approaches are available for treatment of stroke patients, and the vast majority of neuroprotective agents that tested positively in pre-clinical studies failed in clinical trials. In recent years, the clinical value of the use of exosomes for stroke treatment has received widespread attention due their unique characteristics such as low immunogenicity, low toxicity and biodegradability, ability to cross the blood-brain...
Source: Cell Transplantation - December 6, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Hong SB, Yang H, Manaenko A, Lu J, Mei Q, Hu Q Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research