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Cancer: Chronic Leukemia
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Total 96 results found since Jan 2013.
A Case of Multiple Sclerosis —Like Relapsing Remitting Encephalomyelitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and a Review of the Published Literature
Complications involving the central nervous system (CNS) occur in 9–14% of patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including stroke-like episodes, demyelination, encephalitis, and nonspecific neurological symptoms. Here we report a case of multiple sclerosis (MS) like relapsing remitting encephalomyelitis following allogeneic HSCT, which did not respond to disease modifying therapies (DMTs) and “domino” autologous HSCT. A 53-year-old male was treated with allogeneic HSCT for lymphoid blast transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia. Ten months later he presented with confusion, s...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 4, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Sex Difference of Radiation Response in Occupational and Accidental Exposure
Conclusion and Outlook
This review summarizes the data from major human studies on the health risks of radiation exposure and shows that sex can potentially influence the prolonged response to radiation exposure (Figure 1 and Tables 1, 2). These data suggest that long-term radiosensitivity in females is higher than that in males who receive a comparable dose of radiation. Our analysis of the literature agrees with the conclusions of the recent report on the Biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR VII) published in 2006 by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States (National Research Council, 2006). The B...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives
Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies.
(GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects
This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation.
Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Neuroimmunology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
Conclusion
Recent advances in research on HTLV-1 provide better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of HAM/TSP, and several clinical trials of novel therapies for patients with HAM/TSP have been initiated. However, long-term improvement of motor disability and quality of life still have not been achieved in HAM/TSP patients, and the clinical management remains challenging. Given that HAM/TSP is characterized by activated T-cells in both the periphery and CNS, studies in HAM/TSP will be highly informative for clarifying the pathogenesis of other neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis....
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Repeated Changes to the Gravitational Field Negatively Affect the Serum Concentration of Select Growth Factors and Cytokines
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Register-Number 5158–14).
Author Contributions
US, FS, LG, and AK performed the experiments. US and TR analyzed the data, created the figures, and drafted the manuscript. TW, FS, and NB designed the study. All authors revised the manuscript and approved its fina...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
6-Bromoindirubin-3 ′-Oxime (6BIO) Suppresses the mTOR Pathway, Promotes Autophagy, and Exerts Anti-aging Effects in Rodent Liver
In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-aging effect, and molecular mechanism, of the novel anti-aging drug 6BIO on naturally aged mouse liver. Rapamycin, a well-known promising anti-aging drug that delays aging through mTOR-dependent autophagy (Zhou and Ye, 2018), was used as the positive control in the study. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effects of 6BIO treatment in models of natural aging.
Our results indicated that 6BIO ameliorates the decline of liver function with age, including lipid metabolism disorder, and attenuates hepatocyte senescence in aged mice, as revealed by altera...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Expanding spectrum of anticancer drug, imatinib, in the disorders affecting brain and spinal cord
Publication date: Available online 19 March 2019Source: Pharmacological ResearchAuthor(s): Manish Kumar, Ritu Kulshrestha, Nirmal Singh, Amteshwar Singh JaggiAbstractImatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and is used as a first line drug in the treatment of Philadelphia-chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Being tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib modulates the activities of Abelson gene (c-Abl), Abelson related gene (ARG), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), lymphocyte-specific protein (Lck), mitogen activated protein kinase (MA...
Source: Pharmacological Research - March 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Rapidly Progressive Intracranial Vasculopathy in Graft Versus Host Disease
We report a previously undescribed noninflammatory vasculopathy causing multifocal intracranial arterial occlusions and cerebral infarctions in a man following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which we propose to be a central nervous system manifestation of graft versus host disease.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Theodore Bowen, Shawn A. Silver, Cathy Sila Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Fool Me Once: An Uncommon Presentation of PE
BY FREDDIE IRIZARRY-DELGADO; VAROON KAKAIYA; & AHMED RAZIUDDIN, MDAn 86-year-old African-American woman was brought to the ED by her daughter after two days of nutritional neglect, abdominal pain, and altered mental status. Her daughter said her mother felt lightheaded, appeared dehydrated, and vomited nonbilious watery fluid once. The patient had a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, DVT/PE, dementia, and early signs of parkinsonism.Her vital signs were remarkable only for tachypnea (24 bpm). Her troponin I was markedly elevated at 1.7 ng/mL. A D-dimer was ordered because of her history of unprovoked DVT/PE, and i...
Source: The Case Files - November 27, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
Acute Neurotoxicity during ALL Therapy Is Associated with Treatment Intensity, Age and Female Sex - an Analysis of SAE Reports from the UKALL 2003 Trial
Discussion:This large study identifies treatment intensity as the main risk factor for developing acute neurotoxicity with female sex, age and CNS status having a significant modifying effect. CNS status may reflect increased intrathecal therapy given to non-CNS-1 patients. Females are more vulnerable to cranial radiotherapy induced neurotoxicity but this is the first report of female sex as a risk factor on contemporary chemotherapy treatment protocols. Reassuringly, the occurrence of acute neurotoxicity did not influence survival rates. These data provide an important benchmark for ongoing international deep phenotyping ...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Wahid, Q.-u.-A., Hamadeh, L., McGowan, S., Hough, R., Vora, A., Moorman, A. V., Halsey, C. Tags: 612. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Clinical Studies: Poster I Source Type: research
Outcome of 472 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated with Frontline Nilotinib: A Gimema CML WP Analysis
CONCLUSION: Nilotinib as first-line treatment of newly diagnosed CP CML pts showed high rates of deep molecular responses, few progressions to AP/BP, and a high OS. Deep molecular response were similar in all age groups; as expected, ATEs were more frequent in pts > 60 y. These data suggest that: in pts > 60 y, the high efficacy of nilotinib should be weighed against its potential toxicity; in pts < 60 years, nilotinib may be a very good choice, with high efficacy and low toxicity.DisclosuresGugliotta: Novartis: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria. Castagnetti: Bristol ...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Gugliotta, G., Castagnetti, F., Breccia, M., Iurlo, A., D'Adda, M., Stagno, F., Levato, L., Martino, B., Lunghi, F., Tiribelli, M., Rege Cambrin, G., Abruzzese, E., Rupoli, S., Gozzini, A., Pregno, P., Salvucci, M., Trabacchi, E., Caocci, G., Scortechini, Tags: 632. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Therapy: First Line Trials and Prognostic Factors of Treatment-Free Remission Source Type: research
Asciminib, a Specific Allosteric BCR-ABL1 Inhibitor, in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Carrying the T315I Mutation in a Phase 1 Trial
We report results from the largest cohort: pts with confirmed T315I mut at screening (tested locally by Sanger sequencing) and treated with asciminib 200 mg BID, which showed the most robust efficacy (data cutoff: April 30, 2018).At the data cutoff, treatment was ongoing in 23/24 pts (95.8%) (Table); 1 pt (4.2%) had ended treatment. Median duration of follow-up and asciminib exposure were both 28.5 wk (range, 0.1-74.7 wk). Most pts had received multiple prior TKIs, and PON was the most recent TKI for 12/24 (50.0%). Pts who were PON naive had underlying conditions, such as CV risk factors. Eight of 24 pts achieved MMR by 24...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Rea, D., Lang, F., Kim, D.-W., Cortes, J. E., Hughes, T. P., Minami, H., Breccia, M., Deangelo, D. J., Hochhaus, A., Talpaz, M., Goh, Y. T., le Coutre, P., Deininger, M. W., Etienne, G., Sondhi, M., Mishra, K., Aimone, P., Ng-Sikorski, J., Mauro, M. J. Tags: 632. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Therapy: TFR Failure, Resistance, and New Drug Development Source Type: research
Medical Conditions Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Conclusion: This study found that sociodemographic factors were associated with the risk of developing medical conditions in AYA NHL, ALL and AML survivors. As expected, the risk of medical conditions varied by cancer type and treatment, with those undergoing SCT having a higher risk of medical conditions regardless of cancer type. NHL and ALL survivors who were uninsured or publicly insured were at a consistently higher risk of developing medical conditions, as were Hispanic ALL survivors and Black AML survivors. Our findings highlight the higher burden of medical conditions in subgroups of cancer survivors that may relat...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Keegan, T. H. M., Muffly, L. S., Li, Q., Alvarez, E., Brunson, A. M., Malogolowkin, M., Wun, T. Tags: 904. Outcomes Research-Malignant Conditions: Real World Outcomes Source Type: research
