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Total 310 results found since Jan 2013.

Meta-analyses Indicate Associations between Neuroendocrine Activation, Deactivation in Neurotrophic and Neuroimaging Markers in Depression after Stroke
Conclusions: Cortisol-lowering therapies and those that increase blood flow and neurotrophic factors represent promising novel therapeutics for depression subtypes and may reduce the risk of depression in stroke patients.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 12, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Kate Noonan, Leeanne M. Carey, Sheila G. Crewther Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Modafinil for the Improvement of Patient Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion. Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant with well-established effectiveness in the treatment of narcolepsy and shift-work sleep disorder. There is conflicting evidence about the benefits of modafinil in the treatment of fatigue and EDS secondary to TBI. One randomized, controlled study states that modafinil does not significantly improve patient wakefulness, while another concludes that modafinil corrects EDS but not fatigue. An observational study provides evidence that modafinil increases alertness in fatigued patients with past medical history of brainstem diencephalic stroke or multiple sclerosis. ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Review excessive daytime sleep fatigue head injury modafinil stroke TBI traumatic brain injury Source Type: research

Hyperglycemia exacerbates ischemic stroke outcome independent of platelet glucose uptake.
CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia aggravates ischemic stroke outcome independent of platelet glucose uptake. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hyperglycemia primes procoagulant platelet formation. This underlines the therapeutic potential for strategies targeting procoagulant platelet formation for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. PMID: 33118271 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - October 28, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Denorme F, Portier I, Kosaka Y, Campbell RA Tags: J Thromb Haemost Source Type: research

'Not-so-minor' stroke: Lasting psychosocial consequences of anterior cingulate cortical ischemia in the rat.
Abstract Patients with small, non-debilitating strokes often report a reduction in quality of life due to persistent cognitive and emotional alterations. Stroke may directly damage limbic circuitry resulting in an impaired stress response, however the possibility that this may in part explain the prevalence of stroke comorbidity with mood disorders has yet to be determined. Here we systematically examine psychosocial consequences of prefrontal lesions targeting the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using hormone assays and a behavioral test battery in adult rats to probe whether a small stroke could alter stres...
Source: Experimental Neurology - August 15, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hewlett KA, Kelly MH, Corbett D Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Functional changes of neural circuits in stroke patients with dysphagia: a meta ‐analysis
ConclusionsThe hyperactivity of precentral gyrus is crucial in stroke patients with dysphagia and may be associated with the severity of stroke. Besides the motor areas, the Default‐Mode Network regions (DMN) and Affective Network regions (AN) circuits are also involved in dysphagia after stroke.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine - October 31, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lu Liu, Yuan Xiao, Wenjing Zhang, Li Yao, Xin Gao, Shah Chandan, Su Lui Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke rehabilitation.
Authors: Pinter MM, Brainin M Abstract In recent years, efforts have focused on investigating the neurophysiological changes that occur in the brain after stroke, and on developing novel strategies such as additional brain stimulation to enhance sensorimotor and cognitive recovery. In the 1990s, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was introduced as a therapeutic tool for improving the efficacy of rehabilitation for recovery after stroke. It is evident that disturbances of interhemispheric processes after stroke result in a pathological hyperactivity of the intact hemisphere. The rationale of using r...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Secondary attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder following perinatal and childhood stroke: impact on cognitive and academic outcomes.
Abstract This cross-sectional retrospective clinical research study examines a large group of children followed within a pediatric stroke program and a developmental attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) clinic at the Hospital for Sick Children, between May 2004 and June 2016. All children with a history of stroke who participated in a neuropsychological assessment between the ages of 4 and 18 years were considered for inclusion. From a sample of 275 participants with a history of stroke, 36 children (13.1%) received a diagnosis of secondary ADHD. Children with secondary ADHD were younger at the time of...
Source: Child Neuropsychology - May 30, 2017 Category: Child Development Authors: Williams TS, Roberts SD, Coppens AM, Crosbie J, Dlamini N, Westmacott R Tags: Child Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Observational Study of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Wake-Up Stroke: The SLEEP TIGHT Study
Conclusions: WUS may be associated with severe OSA with more oxygen desaturation in men but not in women. WUS may be associated with high DBP and increased LDL cholesterol.Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;41:233-241
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Academic outcome in pediatric ischemic stroke.
Abstract An important cause of acquired brain injury in children, pediatric ischemic stroke can cause sequelae across a wide range of cognitive domains, including verbal reasoning and processing speed. As a result, survivors are especially vulnerable to academic difficulties and face unique challenges compared to their peers. Despite this knowledge, pediatric stroke remains an understudied neurological condition, and its impact on school functioning poorly understood. The present clinical study addressed academic outcome in this population using a multifaceted approach. Patients were recruited for participation fr...
Source: Child Neuropsychology - January 8, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Champigny CM, Deotto A, Westmacott R, Dlamini N, Desrocher M Tags: Child Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Etiologies and Mechanisms of Ischemic Stroke Associated with Sexual Intercourse: A Literature Review
Conclusion: Sexual intercourse should be considered an important trigger for IS. Clinicians should be aware that IS associated with sexual intercourse is not subjective but may be a warning sign of multiple etiologies and mechanisms.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 14, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Frontal interhemispheric structural connectivity, attention, and executive function in children with perinatal stroke
Perinatal stroke affects ∼1 in 1000 births and concomitant cognitive impairments such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and executive dysfunction can be disabling. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate whether stroke-related differences in frontal white matter (WM) relate to cognitive impa irments. WM metrics correlated with parental ratings of ADHD and executive function suggesting that underlying microstructure of frontal white matter quantified via tractography may provide a relevant biomarker associated with cognition and behavior in children with perinatal stroke. AbstractPerinatal s...
Source: Brain and Behavior - November 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Nicole Larsen, Brandon T. Craig, Alicia J. Hilderley, Shane Virani, Kara Murias, Brian L. Brooks, Adam Kirton, Helen L. Carlson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Immediate and short-term effects of continuous theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation over contralesional premotor area on post-stroke spasticity in patients with severe hemiplegia: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
This study aims to demonstrate the immediate and short-term efficacy of continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) targeting cPMA on upper limb spasticity in severe subacute stroke patients.MethodsThis trial is a single-center, prospective, three-group randomized controlled trial. Forty-five eligible patients will be recruited and randomized into three groups: the sham-cTBS group (sham cTBS targeting contralesional PMA), the cTBS-cM1 group (cTBS targeting contralesional M1), and the cTBS-cPMA group (cTBS targeting contralesional PMA). All subjects will undergo comprehensive rehabilitation and the corresponding cTBS interven...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Autonomic symptoms in hypertensive patients with post-acute minor ischemic stroke
Autonomic function is frequently altered in patients with ischemic stroke during acute and chronic stages. Cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death during acute stroke are related to autonomic function imbalance.[1–3] Non-invasive tests have suggested sympathetic hyperactivity and cardiovagal dysfunction in acute stroke [1,2,4–7] with diverse results when considering the influence of lateralization, site and sub-type of ischemic stroke [1–3,8]. Autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction is associated with stroke severity [8].
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - October 8, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Juan Idiaquez, Hector Farias, Francisco Torres, Jorge Vega, David A. Low Source Type: research

Altered Hippocampal –Prefrontal Dynamics Following Medial Prefrontal Stroke in Mouse
AbstractFrontal infarcts can produce cognitive impairments that affect an individual ’s ability to function in everyday life. However, the precise types of deficits, and their underlying mechanisms, are not well-understood. Here we used a prefrontal photothrombotic stroke model in C57BL/6J mice to characterise specific cognitive changes that occur in the 6  weeks post-stroke. Behavioural experiments were paired with in vivo electrophysiology to assess whether changes in oscillatory communication between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC) mirrored any observed behavioural changes. We found that mice in...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - July 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Predictors of externalizing behavior outcomes following pediatric stroke
This study included 210 children with pediatric ischemic stroke (mean age 9.18 years (SD = 3.95)). The parent form of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-Second Edition (BASC-2) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were used to evaluate externalizing behavior and executive function. No externalizing behavior or executive function differences were found between perinatal (n = 94) or childhood (n = 116) stoke, except for the shift subscale which had higher T-scores among the perinatal group (M = 55.83) than childhood group (M = 50.40). When examined together, 10% of children had clinically el...
Source: Child Neuropsychology - March 9, 2023 Category: Child Development Authors: Alyssia Wilson Nataly Beribisky Mary Desrocher Nomazulu Dlamini Tricia Williams Robyn Westmacott Source Type: research