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Condition: Hyperactivity

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Total 310 results found since Jan 2013.

Food addiction: Definition, measurement and limits of the concept, associated factors, therapeutic and clinical implications.
Abstract Addictions, which are characterized by the inability to control a behavior despite existence of physical or psychological consequences, have biological, psychological and social determinants. Although the possibility of developing an addiction to some psychoactive substances (e.g. alcohol, tobacco, cannabis) and to gambling (i.e., gambling disorder) is now well demonstrated, the possibility to develop a non-drug addiction (i.e., behavioral addiction) to certain behaviors which provide pleasure (e.g. eating, having sex, buying things) is still in debate. The concept of food addiction, which refers to peopl...
Source: Presse Medicale - May 18, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Cathelain S, Brunault P, Ballon N, Réveillère C, Courtois R Tags: Presse Med Source Type: research

Let the left brain know what the right brain does: Inter-hemispheric compensation of functional deficits after brain damage
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Paolo Bartolomeo, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten Recent evidence revealed the importance of inter-hemispheric communication for the compensation of functional deficits after brain damage. This review summarises the biological consequences observed using histology as well as the longitudinal findings measured with magnetic resonance imaging methods in brain damaged animals and patients. In particular, we discuss the impact of post-stroke brain hyperactivity on functional recovery in relation to time. The reviewed evidence also suggests that ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - June 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Let thy left brain know what thy right brain doeth: Inter-hemispheric compensation of functional deficits after brain damage
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Paolo Bartolomeo, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten Recent evidence revealed the importance of inter-hemispheric communication for the compensation of functional deficits after brain damage. This review summarises the biological consequences observed using histology as well as the longitudinal findings measured with magnetic resonance imaging methods in brain damaged animals and patients. In particular, we discuss the impact of post-stroke brain hyperactivity on functional recovery in relation to time. The reviewed evidence also suggests that ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - June 21, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MRI scan may help diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy, UCLA researchers report
UCLA doctors have found what may be an earlier and easier way to diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, a disorder that is thought to affect some former football players and others with a history of repetitive brain trauma. Using a new software tool for analyzing MRI scans, the researchers detected the shrinkage of several key brain regions in a former football player with cognitive problems. The same pattern of brain changes is commonly seen in CTE cases that have been confirmed by autopsies after a person’s death. While the findings from this single case report are preliminary, they raise the possibility th...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - August 24, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Neuroimmune Crosstalk in CNS Disorders: The Histamine Connection.
Abstract The neuroimmune system represents a dense network of biochemical signals associated with neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, neurohormones, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors synthesized in neurons, glial cells and immune cells, to maintain systemic homeostasis. Endogenous and/or exogenous, noxious stimuli in any tissue are captured by sensor cells to inform the brain; likewise, signals originating at the central nervous system (CNS) level are transmitted to peripheral immune effectors which react to central stimuli. This multidirectional information system makes it possible for the CNS to respond to...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - November 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Cacabelos R, Torrellas C, Fernández-Novoa L, Aliev G Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Using Physical Activity to Manage ADHD Symptoms:The State of the Evidence
This article summarizes the evidence for management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using chronic aerobic physical activity (PA). Known studies comparing chronic aerobic PA to at least one control group are listed; uncontrolled studies and studies of non-aerobic PA are not considered. Key challenges to conducting chronic PA studies with children and youth with ADHD are summarized. After condensing information from widely varying studies, measures, and research designs, conclusions are stated in broad brush stroke terms. Preliminary evidence supports PA as beneficial for ADHD symptoms, executive function,...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - November 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Neuropsychiatric Conditions
AbstractTourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by both motor and phonic tics over a period of at least 1  year with the onset in childhood or adolescence. Apart from the tics, most of the patients with Tourette syndrome have associated neuropsychiatric comorbidities consisting of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, rage attacks, sleep issues, depression, and migrai ne. Patients may also have physical complications directly from violent motor tics which can rarely include cervical myelopathy, arterial dissection, and stroke. The purpose of this article is to rev...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - November 4, 2016 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Botulinum Toxin Injections in Musculoskeletal Disorders
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2016; 20: 441-452 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1594284Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used for multiple clinical indications due to its ability to induce temporary chemodenervation and muscle paralysis. This property has supported its application in treating a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, especially those involving muscular hyperactivity and contractures such as cerebral palsy and dystonia. However, off-label use of BTX injection in other musculoskeletal disorders is gaining increased acceptance, such as in neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, epicondylitis, and shoulder pain after stroke. This review ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - December 20, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Godoy, Ivan R.B. Donahue, Dean M. Torriani, Martin Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The role of the Nox4-derived ROS-mediated RhoA/Rho kinase pathway in rat hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia
ConclusionHypertension can be induced by CIH in SD rats. The CIH-induced elevation of BP is at least partially mediated via the Nox4-induced ROS/RhoA/ROCK pathway.
Source: Sleep and Breathing - January 10, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

ADHD medications and cardiovascular adverse events in children and adolescents: cross ‐national comparison of risk communication in drug labeling
ConclusionsProduct labeling provides healthcare professionals and consumers with inconsistent messages regarding the potential causal relationship between stimulant use and specific cardiovascular risks in children and adolescents. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety - January 12, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jan Sieluk, Brittany Palasik, Susan dosReis, Peter Doshi Tags: Original Report Source Type: research

The role of the Nox4-derived ROS-mediated RhoA/Rho kinase pathway in rat hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.
CONCLUSION: Hypertension can be induced by CIH in SD rats. The CIH-induced elevation of BP is at least partially mediated via the Nox4-induced ROS/RhoA/ROCK pathway. PMID: 28078487 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Sleep and Breathing - January 10, 2017 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Lu W, Kang J, Hu K, Tang S, Zhou X, Xu L, Li Y, Yu S Tags: Sleep Breath Source Type: research

Transcranial Magnetic and Direct Current Stimulation in Children
AbstractPromising results in adult neurologic and psychiatric disorders are driving active research into transcranial brain stimulation techniques, particularly transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), in childhood and adolescent syndromes. TMS has realistic utility as an experimental tool tested in a range of pediatric neuropathologies such as perinatal stroke, depression, Tourette syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). tDCS has also been tested as a treatment for a number of pediatric neurologic conditions, including ASD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - February 21, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Renal denervation for resistant hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with resistant hypertension, there is low quality evidence that renal denervation does not change major cardiovascular events, and renal function. There was moderate quality evidence that it does not change blood pressure and and low quality evidence that it caused an increaseof bradycardia episodes. Future trials measuring patient-centred instead of surrogate outcomes, with longer follow-up periods, larger sample size and more standardized procedural methods are necessary to clarify the utility of this procedure in this population. PMID: 28220472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 20, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Coppolino G, Pisano A, Rivoli L, Bolignano D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Effects of Stimulant and Non-Stimulant Medication for Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Trials of Methylphenidate, Amphetamines and Atomoxetine
ConclusionsStatistically significant pre –post increases of SBP, DBP and HR were associated with AMP and ATX treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD, while MPH treatment had a statistically significant effect only on SBP in these patients. These increases may be clinically significant for a significant minority of individuals tha t experience larger increases. Since increased BP and HR in general are considered risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality during adult life, paediatric patients using ADHD medication should be monitored closely and regularly for HR and BP.
Source: CNS Drugs - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Head injuries can alter hundreds of genes and lead to serious brain diseases, UCLA biologists report
Head injuries can harm hundreds of genes in the brain in a way that increases people ’s risk for a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, UCLA life scientists report.The researchers identified for the first time master genes that they believe control hundreds of other genes which are linked to Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, stroke, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, depression, schizophrenia and other disorders.Knowing what the master genes are could give scientists targets for new pharmaceuticals to treat brain diseases. Eventually, scientists...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - March 6, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news