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Condition: Autoimmune Disease

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Total 584 results found since Jan 2013.

Meningioma preceding CASPR2 antibody limbic encephalitis with a stroke mimic: A case report
We report a contactin-associated protein-like 2-antibody (CASPR2-Ab)-positive patient who presented with atypical LE. Diagnoses: CASPR2-Ab-positive LE was the presumed diagnosis. Re-evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples revealed autoantibodies targeting CASPR2 at an immunoglobulin G titer of 1:1. The clinical presentation of subacute onset seizures, abnormal electroencephalography, hypermetabolism on positron emission tomography, good immunotherapy response, and the presence of specific antibodies in serum supports a diagnosis of autoimmune LE. Intervention: The patient received glucocorticoids (1â€...
Source: Medicine - June 11, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Genes, Vol. 13, Pages 1179: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
In conclusion, functional analysis allowed us to interpret the impact of TREX1 variants on patients’ phenotypes. While the p.A136V variant is unlikely to be causative for AGS in Patient A, Patient B’s phenotype is potentially related to the p.R174G variant. Therefore, further functional investigations of TREX1 variants found in CADASIL-like patients are warranted to determine any causal link and interrogate the molecular disease mechanism(s).
Source: Genes - June 30, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Giulia Amico Wayne O. Hemphill Mariasavina Severino Claudio Moratti Rosario Pascarella Marta Bertamino Flavia Napoli Stefano Volpi Francesca Rosamilia Sara Signa Fred Perrino Marialuisa Zedde Isabella Ceccherini on behalf of the Gaslini Stroke Study Group Tags: Article Source Type: research

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and stroke secondary to protein C deficiency in a child with Down syndrome: a case report
ConclusionIdiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis remains a severe disease, which is rarely associated with Down syndrome. The management of this disease in Down syndrome patients is difficult, especially when associated with an ischemic stroke secondary to protein C deficiency.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - March 11, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Pearls & Oy-sters: Acute ischemic stroke caused by atypical thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Source: Neurology - May 27, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Rojas, J. C., Banerjee, C., Siddiqui, F., Nourbakhsh, B., Powell, C. M. Tags: Stroke in young adults, Autoimmune diseases, All Medical/Systemic disease, Hematologic, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES: Anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR2A/B antibodies, Anti-mGluR1 antibodies or Anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: Epilepsy, Encephalitis, Cerebellar Ataxia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren's syndrome, Schizophrenia, Mania or Stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor's expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate Blood Brain Barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral/psychiatric/cognitive abnormalities and Ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy.
Abstract Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the Central Nervous System (CNS), and it is crucially needed for numerous key neuronal functions. Yet, excess glutamate causes massive neuronal death and brain damage by excitotoxicity-detrimental over activation of glutamate receptors. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is the main pathological process taking place in many types of acute and chronic CNS diseases and injuries. In recent years, it became clear that not only excess glutamate can cause massive brain damage, but that several types of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies, that are present in ...
Source: Herpes - August 1, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Levite M Tags: J Neural Transm Source Type: research

Non-stroke Central Neurologic Manifestations in Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Abstract Thrombotic manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are well known, and various non-stroke neuro-psychiatric manifestations (NPMs) have also been consistently described, but their place in APS remains unclear. Some syndromes, such as migraine or cognitive dysfunction, are frequently described in APS, whereas others, like seizure, multiple sclerosis-like symptoms, transverse myelitis, movement disorders, or psychiatric symptoms, are rarely found. Overlap with other autoimmune diseases, in particular with systemic lupus erythematosus, the lack of large sample size prospective studies, and discrepa...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - February 29, 2016 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research

Hashimoto encephalopathy presenting with stroke-like episodes in an adolescent female: a case report and literature review
Hashimoto encephalitis (HE) is a rare form of encephalopathy thought to be of autoimmune etiology. Cognitive changes and seizures are the most commonly reported presenting manifestation. Stroke-like episodes have been reported to occur during the disease process as well. To our knowledge we report the first know case of pediatric HE presenting with stroke-like symptoms.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Brett R. Graham, Natalie Shiff, Munier Nour, Simona Hasal, Richard Huntsman, Salah Almubarak Tags: Topical Review Source Type: research

Resveratrol Pretreatment Protected against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats via Expansion of T Regulatory Cells
It is well accepted that repetitive resveratrol (RV) pretreatment (PRC) exerts neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke. RV was shown to be able to enhance the production of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in autoimmune diseases whereas Tregs are considered to be the cerebroprotective immunomodulator in ischemic stroke. Thus, we hypothesized whether Tregs contributed to PRC-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: HongNa Yang, Anxin Zhang, YuQing Zhang, Shuang Ma, CuiLan Wang Source Type: research

Moyamoya syndrome causing stroke in young women with type 1 diabetes
Moyamoya syndrome is an idiopathic brain vasculopathy characterized by stenosis of major intracranial arteries. It often presents in patients with type 1 diabetes or thyroid disease and may have an autoimmune etiology. Moyamoya-related stroke poses a diagnostic challenge as initial symptoms and deficits vary greatly from classic ischemic stroke to encephalopathy, psychiatric, or seizure disorder.
Source: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications - August 10, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jing W. Hughes, Jennifer A. Wyckoff, Abby S. Hollander, Colin P. Derdeyn, Janet B. McGill Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A Stroke Mimic: anti-MOG antibody associated disorder presenting as acute hemiparesis
Demyelinating, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions have been implicated as pediatric stroke mimics.1 Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-Associated Disorders (MOG-AD) has not yet been identified as a pediatric stroke mimic. MOG-AD is a distinct entity with varying clinical demyelinating diseases due to anti-MOG antibodies (MOG-ab).2,3 Here we describe a patient who presented with acute onset hemiparesis and respiratory failure with positive MOG-ab.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Michelle S. Tutmaher, Denise F. Chen, Jamika Hallman-Cooper, Philip J. Holt, Bryan Philbrook, Grace Y. Gombolay Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

A Stroke Mimic: Anti-MOG Antibody-Associated Disorder Presenting as Acute Hemiparesis
Demyelinating, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions have been implicated as pediatric stroke mimics.1 Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorder (MOG-AD) has not yet been identified as a pediatric stroke mimic. MOG-AD is a distinct entity with varying clinical demyelinating diseases due to anti-MOG antibodies (MOG-ab).2,3 Here we describe a patient who presented with acute-onset hemiparesis and respiratory failure with positive MOG-ab.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Michelle S. Tutmaher, Denise F. Chen, Jamika Hallman-Cooper, Philip J. Holt, Bryan Philbrook, Grace Y. Gombolay Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Risk factors of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after acute ischemic stroke treated with tissue-type plasminogen activator. The effectiveness of activated recombinant factor VII treatment.
Conclusion: The inclusion/exclusion criteria of tPA were based on the AHA/ASA Guidelines for the early management of patients with AIS.These patients had no evidence of infections, bronchoscopy, autoimmune diseases, HIV, and transplantations. Our study suggests that systemic administration of rFVIIa for DAH is effective. Emphysema may be a risk factor for the development of DAH following tPA. When we use tPA for emphysema patients, we must be careful about DAH enough. PMID: 32547816 [PubMed]
Source: Surgical Neurology International - June 19, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Surg Neurol Int Source Type: research

Case Report: Α Case of Endocarditis and Embolic Stroke in a Child, Suggestive of Acute Q Fever Infection.
Abstract Acute Q fever is usually asymptomatic or is associated with a mild self-limited course and a favorable outcome. The occurrence of endocarditis during acute infection by Coxiella burnetii is an emerging clinical entity observed in adults that has been attributed to an autoimmune complication of early infection. Herein, we report the first case of a previously healthy 2-year-old child with endocarditis complicated by septic embolic stroke, in which the identified microbiological evidence was suggestive of acute rather than chronic C. burnetii infection. The development of endocarditis in this case occurred ...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - August 2, 2020 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Bitsori M, Vergadi E, Germanakis I, Raissaki M, Galanakis E Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells
Discussion CNS autoantigen-specific autoimmunity has a protective influence on primary tissue damage after experimental stroke, indicating a very early involvement of CNS antigen-specific, myeloid cell-associated anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms that mitigate ischemic injury in the acute EAE phase.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Guse, K., Hagemann, N., Thiele, L., Remlinger, J., Salmen, A., Hoepner, R., Keller, I., Meyer, P., Grandgirard, D., Leib, S. L., Vassella, E., Locatelli, G., Hermann, D. M., Chan, A. Tags: All Immunology, Multiple sclerosis, Infarction Research Article Source Type: research