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Condition: Autoimmune Disease
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Total 584 results found since Jan 2013.
Anti glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody mediated encephalopathy while on etanercept in a patient with multiple autoimmune diseases
A 39 year old lady presented with an altered mental state and unsteadiness of gait. She had a history of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis and alopecia, protein S deficiency with vena cava thrombosis, previous excision of ovarian mass and vasculitic rash. There was a previous history of ovarian mass and her immunomodulatory therapy for arthritis over the previous year was Etanercept.
She used recreational cannabis but denied any other illicit drug usage. Her affect was variable and at times inappropriate with frequent laughter. She would spit regularly. There was anxiety and a prevailing sensation of do...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: MacDougall, N., Waddell, B., O'Riordan, J. I. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Brain stem / cerebellum, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Stroke, Drugs misuse (including addiction), Connective tissue disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes Association of British Source Type: research
Think outside the box, collapse the box, and take a sharp knife to it!
A 74 year–old woman presented in December 2011 with left sided cerebellar symptoms. She was initially diagnosed as having a posterior circulation infarction and discharged from hospital on appropriate medication. However, over the following month she continued to deteriorate, developing increasing unsteadiness, falls, nausea and vomiting. Following a second admission in January 2012 she had a single seizure and developed focal left sided myoclonus affecting mainly the upper limb. Over the following month the myoclonus spread to affect all four limbs, although it remained more prominent on the left side. There was evi...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dobson, R., McMillan, A., Kung, K., Thom, M., Davis, A., Simister, R., Giovannoni, G., Gnanapavan, S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), HIV/AIDS, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Brain stem / cerebellum, Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests Association of Brit Source Type: research
The plasminogen activator system: involvement in central nervous system inflammation and a potential site for therapeutic intervention
Conclusions:
Cumulatively, our results suggest a role for uPA and uPAR in EAE pathogenesis, as exacerbation of disease was seen in their absence. Furthermore, the successful amelioration of EAE by PAI-1 treatment suggests that the PA system can be considered a potential site for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of neuroimmune diseases.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - October 11, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Devorah Gur-WahnonTehila MizrachiFlorence-Yehudith Maaravi-PintoAthanasis LourbopoulosNikolaos GrigoriadisAbd HigaziTalma Brenner Source Type: research
Risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage in people admitted to hospital with selected immune-mediated diseases: record-linkage studies
Conclusions:
Our findings strongly support the suggestion that patients with some immune-mediated diseases have an increased risk of SAH. Further studies of the mechanisms behind this association are warranted.
Source: BMC Neurology - November 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sreeram RamagopalanJulia PakpoorOlena SeminogRaph GoldacreLee GrahamMichael Goldacre Source Type: research
What Causes Muscle Weakness?
Discussion
Muscle tone is the slight tension that is felt in a muscle when it is voluntarily relaxed. It can be assessed by asking the patient to relax and then taking the muscles through a range of motion such as moving the wrists, forearm and upper arm. Muscle strength is the muscle’s force against active resistance. Impaired strength is called weakness or paresis. There are 5 levels of muscle strength.
0 = No muscle contraction detected
1 = Barely detected flicker of contraction
2 = Active movement with gravity eliminated
3 = Active movement against gravity
4 = Active movement against gravity and some resistance
...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 9, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news
Autoimmune diseases, their pharmacological treatment and the cardiovascular system.
Abstract
Cardiovascular system involvement is a frequent complication of autoimmune diseases (AD) such as systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropaties or psoriatic arthritis. The most common forms of such involvement are pericarditis, myocarditis, accelerated atherosclerosis resulting in myocardial infarction or stroke, arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities or congestive heart failure. Some of these manifestations may be dramatic in their course and ultimately fatal. The treatment of AD may further affect the cardiovascular system and result in a lower quality of life, high...
Source: Cardiology Journal - December 22, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jastrzębska M, Czok ME, Guzik P Tags: Cardiol J Source Type: research
Fitting and flailing: recognition of paediatric antiphospholipid syndrome
We present two cases of paediatric APS, who presented with primary neurological events, and discuss approaches to diagnosis, interpretation of screening investigations, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. Possible approaches to the management of paediatric APS are discussed.
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice - January 13, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Freeman, H., Patel, J., Fernandez, D., Sharples, P., Ramanan, A. V. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Problem solving in clinical practice Source Type: research
Mortality of bullous pemphigoid in Singapore: risk factors and causes of death in 359 patients seen at the National Skin Centre.
CONCLUSION: This study confirmed an increased 3-year mortality rate for BP patients in Singapore. Risk factors for increased mortality include medical co-morbidities, especially neurological, cardiac and renal diseases. Treatment with combination therapy, including the use of low to moderate dose corticosteroid, appeared to decrease mortality risk in BP patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 24372558 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The British Journal of Dermatology - December 24, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Cai SC, Allen JC, Lim YL, Chua SH, Tan SH, Tang MB Tags: Br J Dermatol Source Type: research
Brain MRI of nasal MOG therapeutic effect in relapsing-progressive EAE.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) considered to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Mucosally administered antigens induce regulatory T cells that secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines at the anatomic site where the mucosally administered Ag is located. We have previously reported in a mouse model of stroke that nasal treatment with MOG35-55 peptide reduces ischemic infarct size and improves behavior, by inducing IL-10-secreting T cells. We have also demonstrated that an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in non-obese diabet...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 16, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Levy-Barazany H, Barazany D, Puckett L, Kanfi S, Borenstein-Auerbach N, Yang K, Peron JP, Weiner HL, Frenkel D Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
Corticobasal syndrome associated with antiphospholipid syndrome without cerebral infarction
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare autoimmune coagulopathy with various systemic and neurologic symptoms. Ischemic stroke and TIA are common neurologic manifestations of APS, while migraine, epilepsy, chorea, and multiple sclerosis–like syndromes have also been reported.1,2 Dementia is an unusual manifestation of APS, and the presentation of APS with corticobasal syndrome (CBS) has rarely been reported.3,4 CBS is a progressive neurologic syndrome characterized by asymmetric cortical dysfunction, such as apraxia, alien limb phenomenon, or cortical sensory changes accompanied by akineto-rigid syndrome or dystoni...
Source: Neurology - February 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Lee, D.-W., Eum, S.-W., Moon, C. O., Ma, H.-I., Kim, Y. J. Tags: All Medical/Systemic disease, Corticobasal degeneration CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research
A16: Long‐term follow‐up of 36 Pediatric Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Study
Conclusion:Despite of prophylaxis with anticoagulants, new thrombotic events occurred in 25% of the patients and reaching the ideal prothrombin time to prevent thrombotic episodes was the major challenge, as nearly half of the patients had hemorrhagic events. Studies are necessary to identify ideal parameters for treating and monitoring children with antiphospholipid syndrome.
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - March 27, 2014 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Francisco Hugo Gomes, Luciana Carvalho, Paola Pinheiro, Tamara Resende, Virgínia Ferriani Tags: Poster Presentations Source Type: research
Celiac disease linked to increased risk of coronary artery disease
People with celiac disease may have a near two-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease compared with the general population, according to research. The study is the first to look at the association between celiac disease and coronary artery disease and adds to the evolving understanding of how systemic inflammation and autoimmune processes might influence cardiovascular disease development. Data also showed a slightly higher risk of stroke among people with celiac disease compared to controls.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - March 29, 2014 Category: Science Source Type: news
Rare Presentation of Churg-Strauss Syndrome: Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Subdural Hemorrhage and an Intracranial Aneurysm (P2.103)
DISCUSSION:CSS can present with rare neurologic complications namely peripheral neuropathy, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and much less commonly - intracranial aneurysms. Our patient also had cardiac masses that resolved after treatment with high dose steroids. Subdural hemorrhage along with a left MCA aneurysm related to CSS has not been previously reported in literature.Disclosure: Dr. Chahil has nothing to disclose. Dr. Morgan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gonzales has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wu has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Chahil, M., Morgan, J., Gonzales, N., Wu, T.-C. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Acquired and Congenital Vascular Malformations Source Type: research
Voltage Gated Calcium Channels Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis (P5.228)
ConclusionThis case demonstrates a correlation between a high titer of VGCC antibodies and autoimmune encephalitis. Our patient's initial improvement with steroids and plasma exchange in the face of a negative CT and PET suggests a primary autoimmune process rather than a paraneoplastic etiology, though we admit that it is premature to rule out remission and we will continue to follow herDisclosure: Dr. Alwaki has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lugo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Goshgarian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hefzy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mitsias has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Alwaki, A., Lugo, A., Goshgarian, C., Ahmad, O., Hefzy, H., Mitsias, P. Tags: Aging, Dementia, and Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Subacute Encephalopathies Source Type: research
Do Not Forget Susac Syndrome in Patients with Unexplained Acute Confusion (P6.303)
CONCLUSIONS: We report two patients evaluated within one month of each other who presented with acute confusion associated with MRI and CSF abnormalities and were eventually diagnosed with Susac syndrome. Susac syndrome remains under-diagnosed and should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained confusional state associated with CSF pleocytosis/proteinorrachia and MRI callosal abnormalities.Disclosure: Dr. Star has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bruzzone has nothing to disclose. Dr. De Alba has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gill has nothing to disclose. Dr. Schneck has received personal compensation in an...
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Star, M., Bruzzone, M., De Alba, F., Gill, R., Schneck, M., Biller, J. Tags: Neuro-ophthalmology/Neuro-otology II Source Type: research
